Factors Favoring and Hindering Volunteering by Older Adults and Their Relationship with Subjective Well-Being: A Mixed-Method Approach.

A mixed methodology was used through the triangulation of quantitative and qualitative data to determine older adults' perspectives regarding volunteering and identify what factors can contribute to promoting it, with special emphasis on the role that their own well-being plays in this behavior. The results reveal that satisfaction with life as a whole contributes positively to volunteer behavior and satisfaction with the groups one belongs to contributes negatively. The volunteers were less satisfied than non-volunteers with interpersonal relationships and with the groups they belong to. Knowing the opinion of the older adults with regard to volunteering and understanding how this prosocial behavior relates to their own well-being is very useful for developing strategic plans that allow future volunteers to be captured.

Media multitasking impact in homework, executive function and academic performance in Spanish adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The emergence of multi-function devices has created a perceived need to always be connected to multiple media devices, which is called media multitasking. This phenomenon is linked to deficits in cognitive control affecting executive function and learning and academic achievement in adolescents. The present study aimed to explore the relationship of MM, executive functions and academic performance. METHOD: The sample comprised 977 students aged between 11 and 18 from 6 schools. Media multitasking while doing homework was assessed by the media multitasking index (MMI); executive function was assessed using the DEX-SP and three WISC-IV Subscales; participants' current school marks for mathematics and Spanish language were used to assess academic performance. RESULTS: Media multitasking in adolescents is negatively related to executive function and academic achievement. Adolescents who media multitask more while doing homework report more dysexecutive problems. The results of a subsample (n=114) show worse cognitive functioning of the components related to working memory and process speed and lower academic achievement in language and mathematics. CONCLUSIONS: In the current environment of technology overload, where MM is increasingly frequent, it is necessary to develop adaptive strategies that allow adolescents to focus their attention on tasks and avoid distractions.

Prosociality as a Form of Productive Aging: Predictors and Their Relationship With Subjective Well-Being.

The current study emphasizes the importance of active and productive aging to promote health and autonomy among older adults, highlighting effects on social and familial levels. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 198 individuals older than 65 living in Palafrugell, Spain with the objective of determining which factors influence informal helping behavior among older adults and the relationship between these factors and well-being and variables such as perception of health and economic status. Satisfaction with free time and participation in various activities, as well as education level in individuals younger than 80, were identified as predictors of helping behavior. A statistically significant and positive relationship was observed between helping others and satisfaction with free time and feeling happy. This study contributes to understanding prosocial behavior among older adults by examining the relationship between prosocial behavior and subjective well-being and contribution to productive aging. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(6):306-315.].

Satisfacción vital y calidad de vida estudiantil con relación al autoconcepto familiar en el contexto migratorio en Chile / Life satisfaction and students' quality of life in relation to family self-concept in the migratory context in Chile

Resumen La migración adolescente en Chile es un fenómeno en desarrollo del que se tienen muy pocos estudios respecto a su satisfacción con la vida, calidad de vida percibida y autoconcepto familiar en relación a la población nativa. Este artículo tiene como objetivo comparar la satisfacción con la vida, calidad de vida y autoconcepto familiar de ambos grupos y analizar de qué manera se relacionan ambos constructos en la muestra estudiada. Método: Se administraron las escalas SLSS, BMSLSS y AF5_DF a una muestra de 406 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 12 y 16 años. 56.65% de los estudiantes eran chicas y el 43.35% chicos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 55.91% de estudiantes nacidos en Chile y 44.09% de estudiantes migrantes. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias en algunos ítems de las escalas SLSS y BMSLSS entre los dos grupos (nativos y migrantes). No se aprecian diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la Escala AF5_DF. En términos de correlaciones, la Escala BMSLSS explica mejor la Escala SLSS en los estudiantes nativos. En el caso de los estudiantes migrantes, la Escala AF5_DF mostró una correlación más fuerte con la Escala SLSS. La correlación de la BMSLSS_SF con AF5_DF también es mayor en los nativos. Discusión: Los niveles de satisfacción con la vida, calidad de vida percibida y autoconcepto familiar no difieren ampliamente en los dos grupos. La discusión enfatiza la necesidad de seguir explorando el tema con muestras representativas y con metodología cualitativa, de manera longitudinal e incorporando otras variables.

Abstract Adolescent migration in Chile is a developing phenomenon of which there are very few studies regarding their satisfaction with life, perceived quality of life and family self-concept in relation to the native population. This article aims to compare the satisfaction with life, quality of life and family self-concept of both groups and analyze how these constructs are related in the sample studied. Method: The SLSS, BMSLSS and AF5_DF scales were administered to a sample of 406 adolescents aged between 12 and 16 years. 56.65% of the students were girls and 43.35% boys. The sample consisted of 55.91% of students born in Chile and 44.09% of migrant students. Results: Differences were observed in some items of the SLSS and BMSLSS scales between the two groups (natives and migrants). There are no statistically significant differences in the AF5_DF Scale. In terms of correlations, the BMSLSS Scale better explains the SLSS Scale in native students. In the case of migrant students, the AF5_DF Scale showed a stronger correlation with the SLSS Scale. The correlation of the BMSLSS_SF with AF5_DF is also higher in the native ones. Discussion: The levels of satisfaction with life, perceived quality of life and family self-concept do not differ widely in the two groups. The discussion emphasizes the need to continue exploring the issue with representative samples and qualitative methodology, longitudinally and incorporating other variables.

Risk of Addiction: Its Prevalence in Adolescence and its Relationship with Security of Attachment and Self-concept / El riesgo de adicción: su prevalencia en la adolescencia y su relación con la seguridad del apego y el autoconcepto

That study aims to analyze the prevalence of risk of addiction to psychoactive substances during adolescence, study the relationship between this risk and the representations of attachment and self-concept and analyze the relationship between attachment and self-concept. The Youth Inventory 4 (YI-4) test was administered to assess risk of addiction in 668 participants between 13 and 19 years old. Representations of the attachment were evaluated with Cartes, Modèles Individuelles de Rélation, reduced version (CaMir-R), and self-concept dimensions, with Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF5). The results indicate a high risk of substance addiction in adolescence, 19.5%, both for boys and girls, CI between 15.4 and 24.3, with age being a risk factor. The prevalence of addiction risk decreases with high scores on security, which correlates -.22 with such a risk and positive academic self-concept, correlating -.20

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar la prevalencia del riesgo de adicción a sustancias psicoactivas durante la adolescencia, estudiar la relación entre este riesgo y las representaciones de apego y autoconcepto y analizar la relación entre el apego y el autoconcepto. Se realizó la prueba de inventario juvenil 4 (YI-4) para evaluar el riesgo de adicción en 668 participantes de entre 13 y 19 años de edad. Las representaciones de apego se evaluaron con la versión reducida del Cartes, cuestionario de evaluación del apego, versión reducida (CaMir-R) y dimensiones autoconceptuales, con Autoconcepto Forma 5 (AF5). Los resultados indican un elevado riesgo de adicción a las sustancias en la adolescencia,19.5%, tanto para niños como para niñas, CI entre 15.4 y 24.3, siendo la edad un factor de riesgo. La prevalencia del riesgo de adicción disminuye con altas puntuaciones en seguridad, que correlaciona con dicho riesgo -.22 y el autoconcepto académico positivo, que correlaciona -.20

Media multitasking impact in homework, executive function and academic performance in spanish adolescents / Impacto del Media multitasking en las tareas escolares, funciones ejecutivas y rendimiento académico en adolescentes españoles

Background: The emergence of multi-function devices has created a perceived need to always be connected to multiple media devices, which is called media multitasking. This phenomenon is linked to deficits in cognitive control affecting executive function and learning and academic achievement in adolescents. The present study aimed to explore the relationship of MM, executive functions and academic performance. Method: The sample comprised 977 students aged between 11 and 18 from 6 schools. Media multitasking while doing homework was assessed by the media multitasking index (MMI); executive function was assessed using the DEX-SP and three WISC-IV Subscales; participants’ current school marks for mathematics and Spanish language were used to assess academic performance. Results: Media multitasking in adolescents is negatively related to executive function and academic achievement. Adolescents who media multitask more while doing homework report more dysexecutive problems. The results of a subsample (n=114) show worse cognitive functioning of the components related to working memory and process speed and lower academic achievement in language and mathematics. Conclusions: In the current environment of technology overload, where MM is increasingly frequent, it is necessary to develop adaptive strategies that allow adolescents to focus their attention on tasks and avoid distractions

Antecedentes: la aparición de dispositivos multifunción ha creado la necesidad de estar constantemente conectados a múltiples dispositivos multimedia simultáneamente, dando lugar al media multitasking. Este fenómeno se relaciona con déficits de control cognitivo que pueden afectar a la función ejecutiva y el aprendizaje. El objetivo principal es explorar la relación entre media multitasking, funciones ejecutivas y rendimiento académico. Método: la muestra es de 977 estudiantes de 11-18 años de 6 centros educativos. Se calculó el Índice de media multitasking mientras realizaban tareas escolares; se evaluaron las funciones ejecutivas utilizando el DEX-SP y tres subescalas del WISC-IV; y se tuvieron en cuenta las notas de matemáticas y lengua. Resultados: el media multitasking está negativamente relacionado con la función ejecutiva y el rendimiento académico. Los adolescentes que realizaban más media multitasking mientras hacían los deberes informaron de más problemas disejecutivos. Los resultados obtenidos en una sub-muestra (n=114) indicaron un peor funcionamiento cognitivo en tareas que implicaban memoria de trabajo y velocidad de procesamiento e informaron de menor rendimiento académico en lengua y matemáticas. Conclusiones: para reducir un impacto negativo del media multitasking es necesario promover el desarrollo de estrategias que permitan a los adolescentes centrar su atención en las tareas evitando distracciones

Influencia del apoyo socioemocional sobre la afectividad experimentada, autoconfianza y autoeficacia en jóvenes deportistas / Influence of Socio-Emotional Support on the Affectivity Experienced, Self-Confidence and Self-Efficacy in Young Athletes

El objetivo del estudio es comprobar, a través de un modelo de ecuación estructural, la influencia de las relaciones de apoyo a la autonomía del deportista sobre su afectividad positiva y regulación emocional experimentada en competición, y la adquisición de recursos personales como la autoconfianza y autoeficacia. Para ello, se seleccionaron 300 sujetos con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 18 años, de diferentes deportes y categorías en formación, que estuvieran compitiendo. Los resultados obtenidos del modelo corroboran que el apoyo del entorno y, en concreto, las figuras de proximidad del deportista son fundamentales en etapas de formación para que adquieran y refuercen recursos personales que le permitan mejorar su rendimiento. Para ello, el deportista también debe gestionar de forma adecuada su sistema afectivo durante la competición, hecho que refuerza su autoconfianza y autoeficacia ante el reto deportivo. Finalmente, el modelo no mostró diferencias entre categorías iniciales y avanzadas

This study aims to demonstrate through structural equation modeling the influence of athletes' autonomy-supportive relationships on the positive affectivity and emotion regulation experienced during competitions along with the acquisition of personal resources as self-confidence and self-efficacy. To that end, 300 young athletes in training from different sports and that were competing, with ages from 11 to 18 years were selected.The results confirm that a supportive environment and, specifically, close relationships are fundamental for young athletes in training stages to acquire and reinforce personal resources that allow them to improve their performance. For that, athletes also have to manage properly their affective system during competition, which reinforces self-confidence and self-efficacy when facing sport challenges. Finally, the model did not show differences between initial and advanced categories

[Psychometric analysis of the AF5 multidimensional scale of self-concept in a sample of adolescents and adults in Catalonia]. / Análisis psicométrico de la escala multidimensional de autoconcepto AF5 en una muestra de adolescentes y adultos de Cataluña.

The aim of this study is to carry out a psychometric study of the AF5 scale in a sample of 4.825 Catalan subjects from 11 to 63 years-old. They are students from secondary compulsory education (ESO), from high school, middle-level vocational training (CFGM) and from the university. Using a principal component analysis (PCA) the theoretical validity of the components is established and the reliability of the instrument is also analyzed. Differential analyses are performed by gender and normative group using a 2 x 6 factorial design. The normative group variable includes the different levels classified into 6 sub-groups: university, post-compulsory secondary education (high school and CFGM), 4th of ESO, 3rd of ESO, 2nd of ESO and 1st of ESO. The results indicate that the reliability of the Catalan version of the scale is similar to the original scale. The factorial structure also fits with the original model established beforehand. Significant differences by normative group in the four components of self-concept explored (social, family, academic/occupational and physical) are observed. By gender, significant differences appear in the component of physical self-concept, academic and social but not in the family component.

Los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento y su relación con el bienestar personal en una muestra de adolescentes / Coping strategies and styles and their relationship to personal wellbeing in a sample of adolescents

Diversos estudios han relacionado las estrategias de afrontamiento con el bienestar personal. Sin embargo, no existe evidencia de investigaciones que analicen dicha relación, en población española, desde el modelo de Cummins (1997). El objetivo de este estudio es conocer el nivel de bienestar personal, evaluado mediante el Personal Well Being Index, de una muestra de adolescentes de 11 a 17 años y analizar la relación entre los estilos y estrategias de afrontamiento de los adolescentes y el bienestar personal. Para ello se ha administrado el Personal Well Being Index (PWI) y las Escalas de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (ACS) a una muestra de 656 adolescentes de edades comprendidas entre los 11 y 17 años. Los resultados permiten identificar la edad y las estrategias de afrontamiento de fijarse en lo positivo, distracción física, esforzarse y tener éxito junto con autoinculparse y reservarlo para sí mismo, estas dos últimas en sentido negativo, como las más relacionadas con el bienestar personal

Several studies have linked coping with personal wellbeing. However, there is no research evidence analyzing this relationship in the Spanish population using Cummins’ model (1997). The aim of this study was to know the level of personal wellbeing of a sample of adolescents and to analyze the relationship between coping strategies and styles and personal well-being. With that purpose in mind, the Personal Well Being Index(PWI) and the Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS) have been administered to a sample of 656 adolescents aged between 11 and 17. The results allow identifying the effect of age and gender on personal wellbeing. Those coping strategies centered on focusing on the positive, physical recreation, working hard and achieving are associated to higher personal wellbeing while self-blaming and keeping to self are with lower personal wellbeing

Cambios en las Relaciones y Satisfacciones Intergeneracionales Asociados al Uso de las TICs / Intergenerational Relations Changes and Satisfaction Associated to the ICTs Use

Resumen. En el presente artículo se exponen los datos obtenidos de dos muestras de adolescentes catalanes de entre 12 y 16 años y de sus progenitores en 2003 y en 2008. El objetivo es explorar los cambios en las relaciones entre progenitores e hijos/as y la incidencia que el uso de las TICs tiene en estos cambios. Los resultados muestran que con el paso del tiempo se da una mayor implicación de los progenitores en la comunicación con sus hijos/as acerca de este tema, cosa que no conlleva una mayor satisfacción de los/las adolescentes con dicha comunicación posiblemente por la percepción de falta de dominio de su padre o madre (AU)

Abstract. This article presents data from two samples of Catalan adolescents from 12 to 16 years and their parents in 2003 and 2008. The main aim is to explore the changing relationships between parents and their children and the impact that the use of ICT has on these changes. The results show that over the time there is a greater involvement of parents in communicating with their children about this issue, which involves no greater satisfaction of adolescents with such communication, possibly by the perception of lack of control that his/her father or mother has (AU)

Análisis psicométrico de la escala multidimensional de autoconcepto AF5 en una muestra de adolescentes y adultos de Cataluña / Psychometric analysis of the AF5 multidimensional scale of self-concept in a sample of adolescents and adults in Catalonia

El objetivo del presente estudio es realizar un análisis psicométrico de la escala AF5 en una muestra catalana de 4.825 sujetos de 11 a 63 años, estudiantes de ESO, bachillerato, ciclos formativos de grado medio (CFGM) y universitarios. Mediante un análisis de componentes principales (ACP) se constata la validez teórica de los componentes y se analiza la fiabilidad del instrumento. Se realizan análisis diferenciales por género y grupo normativo utilizando un diseño factorial 2x6. La variable grupo normativo incluye diferentes cursos en 6 subgrupos: universitarios, Post-ESO (estudiantes de bachillerato y CFGM), 4º Eso, 3º ESO, 2º ESO y 1º ESO. Los resultados indican que la fiabilidad de la versión catalana de la escala es similar a la de la escala original. También la estructura factorial coincide con la del modelo original establecido a priori. Se observan diferencias significativas por grupo normativo en los cuatro componentes del autoconcepto explorados (social, familiar, académico/laboral y físico). Por razón de género, las diferencias significativas aparecen en los componentes del autoconcepto físico, académico y social pero no en el familiar (AU)

The aim of this study is to carry out a psychometric study of the AF5 scale in a sample of 4.825 Catalan subjects from 11 to 63 years-old. They are students from secondary compulsory education (ESO), from high school, middle-level vocational training (CFGM) and from the university. Using a principal component analysis (PCA) the theoretical validity of the components is established and the reliability of the instrument is also analyzed. Differential analyses are performed by gender and normative group using a 2x6 factorial design. The normative group variable includes the different levels classified into 6 sub-groups: university, post-compulsory secondary education (high school and CFGM), 4th of ESO, 3rd of ESO, 2nd of ESO and 1st of ESO. The results indicate that the reliability of the Catalan version of the scale is similar to the original scale. The factorial structure also fits with the original model established beforehand. Significant differences by normative group in the four components of self-concept explored (social, family, academic/occupational and physical) are observed. By gender, significant differences appear in the component of physical self-concept, academic and social but not in the family component (AU)