[Free-radical perodixative reactions in the acute period of craniocerebral trauma]. / Svobodnoradikal'nye perekisno-okislitel'nye reaktsii v ostrom periode cherepno-mozgovoi travme.

The condition is analyzed of the pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance in patients in the acute phase of craniocerebral injury. The higher the degree of craniocerebral injury, the more enhanced are lipid peroxidation processes, the more apparent is the decline in the function of the bodily antioxidant system. Changes in metabolic processes were at their greatest in patients beyond forty four years of age, especially in women with severe craniocerebral injury. The authors recommend including natural and synthetic antioxidants into a complex of measures designed to treat craniocerebral injury.

[The activity of free-radical lipid-peroxidative reactions in the acute and late periods of severe craniocerebral trauma]. / Issledovanie aktivnosti svobodnoradikal'nykh perekisno-okislitel'nykh reaktsii v ostrom i otdalennom periode tiazheloi cherepno-mozgovoi travmy.

Severe craniocerebral injury is shown to result in intensification of processes of lipid peroxidation (LPO), decline in activity of the antioxidant system, which facts lead to further damage to the injured brain caused by products of LPO processes. Activity of LPO processes is recordable as is decline in activity of the antioxidant system after the treatment administered and in 12 and 24 months following the injury sustained as well. The authors recommend that natural and synthetic antioxidants be included into a complex of measures designed to treat severe craniocerebral injury.

Heavy-ion-induced electronic desorption of gas from metals.

During heavy-ion operation in several particle accelerators worldwide, dynamic pressure rises of orders of magnitude were triggered by lost beam ions that bombarded the vacuum chamber walls. This ion-induced molecular desorption, observed at CERN, GSI, and BNL, can seriously limit the ion beam lifetime and intensity of the accelerator. From dedicated test stand experiments we have discovered that heavy-ion-induced gas desorption scales with the electronic energy loss (dE_{e}/dx) of the ions slowing down in matter; but it varies only little with the ion impact angle, unlike electronic sputtering.