RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Postoperative sore throat should be recognized seriously as an avoidable complication because of high incidence and dissatisfaction with anesthesia. The aim of the study was to identify the risk factors of postoperative sore throats in patients undergoing general anesthesia. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 1,733 patients (above 18 years of age) who had undergone general anesthesia from January to December 2010 and who had visited Department of Anesthesia, postoperative anesthesia clinic. RESULTS: Age, ASA classification, position, airway device, methods of postoperative pain management and site of surgery were significantly identified as the associated factors for postoperative sore throat using univariate analysis. Under 65 year of age (odds ratio 2.3), operation of head and neck and pharynx (odds ratio 1.6), spine surgeries (odds ratio 0.33), laryngeal mask (odds ratio 0.47), and postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV-PCA, odds ratio 0.4) were significantly identified as the factors with multivariate studies. CONCLUSIONS: Six associated factors for postoperative sore throat were identified in this study.
Assuntos
Anestesia Geral , Faringite/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Analgesia Controlada pelo Paciente , Feminino , Humanos , Máscaras Laríngeas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Faringite/epidemiologia , Faringite/prevenção & controle , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Operatórios , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Nicorandil-induced oral ulceration in 3 Japanese patients is reported. The patients were men aged 86, 81, and 91 years. Ulcers of 15, 10, and 12 mm in diameter, respectively, were observed at the border of all of the patients' tongues. These were painful and persistent but not indurated. Irritation by the teeth or dentures was not evident. They had been administered nicorandil at a dose of 15 mg for 22, 54, and 90 months, respectively; therefore, ulceration induced by nicorandil was suspected. In consultation with the doctor, nicorandil was withdrawn. The ulcers disappeared 5, 8, and 9 weeks, respectively, after the cessation of nicorandil. No relapse of the ulcer was noted. The findings suggest that these were the examples of nicorandil-induced oral ulceration.