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1.
J Dairy Sci ; 103(4): 3401-3413, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32057429

RESUMO

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the association between hoof lesions and fertility in dairy cows. Lactating Jersey cows (n = 1,639) were enrolled at 20 ± 3 d in milk (D20), examined and treated for presence of hoof lesions (HL), and evaluated for body condition score (BCS). Afterward, they were managed according to standard farm procedures, including estrus detection and presynchronization and a 5 d Cosynch-72 protocol for cows that failed to show estrus. Ovaries were scanned at 27 and 41 ± 3 d in milk, and cows with a corpus luteum greater than 20 mm on at least 1 exam were considered cyclic. At 120 ± 3 d in milk (D120), cows were re-examined for HL and BCS. Cows were classified at D20 according to HL status as healthy (n = 1,197) or having HL (n = 429), and according to HL category as healthy (n = 1,197) or having a sole hemorrhage (n = 280), noninfectious HL (sole ulcer, toe ulcer, or white line disease; n = 113), or infectious HL (digital dermatitis and foot rot; n = 36). Cows with HL at D20 had reduced odds of being cyclic (38.3 vs. 51.9%) and a longer interval from calving to first service (58 vs. 51 d) compared with healthy cows. Cows with infectious HL at D20 had reduced odds of pregnancy to first service (16.7 vs. 38.3%) compared with healthy cows. Cows with sole hemorrhage at D20 were more likely to lose pregnancies between d 32 and 64 after the first service postpartum compared with healthy cows (10.5 vs. 5.2%). Cows with sole hemorrhage at D20 had a smaller hazard of pregnancy (67.9 vs. 75.5%) at 150 d in milk and more days open (88 vs. 77d) compared with healthy cows. To assess the relationship between the development of HL and fertility, cows were classified as healthy (no HL at D20 and D120; n = 308), cured (any HL at D20 and no HL at D120; n = 72), new HL (no HL at D20 and any HL at D120; n = 597), and chronic (any HL at D20 and D120; n = 226). Sole hemorrhage accounted for 93% of new HL. The proportions of cows with HL at D20 and D120 were 26.9 and 68.4%, respectively. We found no evidence for a difference in pregnancy hazard at 150 d in milk between cows that remained healthy (n = 308) and cows that developed new HL (n = 597). Hoof lesions at D20, but not new HL, were associated with decreased odds of cyclicity, longer interval from calving to first service postpartum, and reduced pregnancy hazard in Jersey cows. The effect of an HL diagnosis in early lactation and management to reduce chronic HL in dairy cows warrants further investigation.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/fisiopatologia , Fertilidade , Casco e Garras/patologia , Coxeadura Animal/fisiopatologia , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/patologia , Corpo Lúteo/diagnóstico por imagem , Detecção do Estro/métodos , Feminino , Casco e Garras/diagnóstico por imagem , Lactação , Coxeadura Animal/patologia , Leite , Período Pós-Parto , Gravidez
2.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 40(2): 85-97, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36114104

RESUMO

The method typically used to diagnose and monitor hypertensive patients has been to measure blood pressure in the physician's surgery; however, it is a well-known fact that this approach poses certain drawbacks, such as observer bias, failure to detect an alert reaction in the clinic, etc., difficulties that affect its accuracy as a diagnostic method. In recent years, the varying international scientific societies have persistently recommended the use of blood pressure measurements outside the clinic (at home or in the outpatient setting), using validated automatic devices. Data from some studies suggest that if we rely solely on in-office measurements, approximately 15-20% of the time we may be wrong when making decisions, both in terms of diagnosis and patient follow-up. Home blood pressure measurements are a simple and very affordable method that has a similar reproducibility and prognostic value as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, the availability of which is currently very limited. Moreover, ambulatory self-measurements have the significant benefit of being able to improve control of hypertensive individuals. Healthcare professionals and patients should be aware of the methodology of home blood pressure measurement, its usefulness and limitations.


Assuntos
Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial , Hipertensão , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/métodos
3.
Assist Technol ; 24(2): 102-9, 2012.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22876732

RESUMO

Surface characteristics of a cross slope can impact the ease with which a manual wheelchair (MWC) user propels across a surface. The purpose of this research was two-fold. Phase I of this research surveyed MWC users to identify cross slope scenarios that they reported to be more difficult to traverse compared to other common driving obstacles. Our survey results showed that, overall, cross slopes were harder to propel across than narrow and manual doors, and cross-slopes in inclement weather conditions were equal or more difficult than gravel and rough-surfaces. Cross slopes with severe angles and those with compound angles (slope with cross-slope) were the most difficult to traverse. Phase II focused on identifying the responses (e.g., avoid, explore alternative, experience a sense of insecurity, no effect) people had when viewing pictures of various cross-slopes scenarios (e.g., narrow space, compound angles, extreme weather) that wheelchair users encounter. These results showed that people reported that they would avoid or feel insecure on some cross-sloped surfaces, like the weather, that are not within our control, others, like compound angle and curb-cuts on slopes, that can be addressed in the construction of pathways or sidewalks.


Assuntos
Acessibilidade Arquitetônica/métodos , Materiais de Construção , Locomoção , Cadeiras de Rodas , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e Questionários , Estados Unidos
4.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 39(4): 174-194, 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36153303

RESUMO

Hypertension is the most important risk factor for global disease burden. Detection and management of hypertension are considered as key issues for individual and public health, as adequate control of blood pressure levels markedly reduces morbidity and mortality associated with hypertension. Aims of these practice guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension of the Spanish Society of Hypertension include offering simplified schemes for diagnosis and treatment for daily practice, and strategies for public health promotion. The Spanish Society of Hypertension assumes the 2018 European guidelines for management of arterial hypertension developed by the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension, although relevant aspects of the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines and the 2020 International Society of Hypertension guidelines are also commented. Hypertension is defined as a persistent elevation in office systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, and assessment of out-of-office blood pressure and global cardiovascular risk are considered of key importance for evaluation and management of hypertensive patients. The target for treated blood pressure should be < 130/80 for most patients. The treatment of hypertension involves lifestyle interventions and drug therapy. Most people with hypertension need more than one antihypertensive drug for adequate control, so initial therapy with two drugs, and single pill combinations are recommended for a wide majority of hypertensive patients.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos , Hipertensão , Humanos , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Pressão Sanguínea , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial , Determinação da Pressão Arterial
5.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 38(1): 4-12, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32807680

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the data, according to recruiting place and sex, of the survey May Measure Month in 2018 (MMM18) in Spain, promoted by the International Society of Hypertension. METHODS: Subjects more than 18 years old were studied. MMM18 protocol was performed. Volunteers were recruited through the Spanish Society of Community Pharmacy (SEFAC) and the Spanish Society of Hypertension (SEH-LELHA). General linear models of blood pressure (BP) were carried out in subjects with and without treatment, and adjusted by age, sex, tobacco use, obesity and recruitment site. RESULTS: 7 511 individuals (mean age 51.7 ± 19.6 years, 36.8% males) were screened. Systolic and diastolic BP was higher in males (129.0-16.7/119.6-18.2 mmHg) (78.3-11.1/74.8-10.7 mmHg) (p < 0.001). There was a linear relationship between systolic BP, age and sex, with higher values in males (11.2 mmHg in untreated and 4.5 mmHg in treated) (p < 0.001). Diastolic BP was inverted U-shaped, with highest level in males and between 50-55 years. The proportion of individuals with hypertension (pharmacies; public and clinical area) was 47.2% (54.2; 34.1 and 34.8%). Seventy-five percent were aware of their diagnosis (77.5; 61.5 and 69.2%), with 22% of them without pharmacological treatment (20.7; 26.0 and 27.9%). Sixty-four point five percent of those under antihypertensive treatment met targets (62.9; 65.6 and 69.1%) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: There is big room for improvement in MMM indicators in Spain. Nearly half of subjects are hypertensive. Of those aware of their condition, 1 in 5 did not follow pharmacological treatment and of those treated, 1 in 3 did not meet targets. BP levels were significantly higher in males. Our study suggests that gender differences described should be considered in the BP thresholds established.


Assuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Seleção de Pacientes , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha , Inquéritos e Questionários
6.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 38(4): 186-196, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33888438

RESUMO

The pandemic caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has forced, in many cases, to replace face-to-face consultation with the telematic consultation, in order to reduce the risk of contagion associated with the presence of patients in health centres. This change may represent an opportunity for a different and more effective communication between professionals and patients, allowing better accessibility to medical care and more systematic and comprehensive approach to patients with hypertension and cardiovascular risk. However, organisational tools are needed to facilitate communication between patients and professionals, specifically with the exchange of clinical data by remote monitoring of variables associated with hypertension and cardiovascular risk (blood pressure, weight, height, blood tests…), and allow monitoring of adherence to treatments, lifestyles and risk factors. It would be desirable for this to be carried out by multidisciplinary teams, both from primary care, hospital and community pharmacy, with an adequate coordination of care. This document of the Spanish Society of Hypertension (SEH-LELHA) tries to give the keys to improve the quality of care of telematic consultations of patients with hypertension and cardiovascular risk, provide basic criteria of telematic or face to face attention and systematise their content. Likewise, the follow-up criteria are proposed by the different professionals.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Hipertensão/terapia , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2 , Telemedicina/normas , Assistência ao Convalescente , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial , Confidencialidade , Emergências , Acessibilidade aos Serviços de Saúde , Humanos , Hipertensão/psicologia , Estilo de Vida , Anamnese , Cooperação do Paciente , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Relações Médico-Paciente , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Melhoria de Qualidade , Autocuidado , Telemedicina/métodos , Telemedicina/organização & administração , Telemedicina/tendências
7.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 38(3): 109-118, 2021.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33863691

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Within the international project May Measurement Month, in Spain, the community pharmacy is where the greatest number of measurements are carried out and where the population can be made aware of the importance of regular blood pressure measurement. OBJECTIV: To ascertain the situation of the Spanish population's blood pressure and dissemination of the importance of its regular measurement through the community pharmacies. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study carried out in Spanish community pharmacies during the month of May 2018, among pharmacy users of legal age. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate were measured as main variables. RESULTS: Five thousand, seven hundred and eighty-five readings were made by 891 pharmacists. One thousand, seven hundred and fifty-five (34.8%) people had not had their blood pressure measured in the last year. Of the participants, 31.2% had high blood pressure readings. Mean systolic blood pressure was 127.1±20.1 and mean diastolic blood pressure 77.5±12.5, higher in men (p<.001). There were normal blood pressure values in 3,981 (68.8%) patients; one high reading in 1,226 (21.2%); and two in 578 (10%). There were 912 (15.76%) patients with SBP≥140 and 314 (5.4%) with DBP≥90. Four (0.07%) hypertensive emergencies were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Three out of ten participants had a high blood pressure reading. Therefore, protocolized blood pressure readings carried out in a health care facility such as the community pharmacy, allowed the identification of a significant number of subjects with high and untreated blood pressure.


Assuntos
Hipertensão , Farmácias , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Espanha
8.
Semergen ; 46(8): 545-552, 2020.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33069568

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To quantify the proportion of oral antibiotics requests without prescription in Community Pharmacy (CP) and to analyse it causes. METHOD: Cross-sectional multicentre study carried out in Spanish community pharmacies during 4 weeks, one in each season of the year. Oral J01 antibiotics (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification, ATC) requested for self-medication were analysed. RESULTS: 247 pharmacies and 365 pharmacists participated in the study, 1172 antibiotic requests were recorded. More frequent requests for antibiotic self-medication were: previous treatment for the same symptoms (63.1%), insufficient time for a general practitioner (GP) consultation (12.1%) and patient belief that GP is going to prescribe the antibiotic (4.9%). Higher number of generic medication were requested compared to brand medication (41.1 versus 34.9%). Active ingredients commonly requested were amoxicillin (28.2%), amoxicillin-clavulanic (14.9%) and phosphomycin (21.8%) to treat upper respiratory related infections (35.1%), urinary infections (28.1%) and teeth infections (20.2%). 2406 pharmacists' interventions were carried out: referring to the GP (40.8%), information for correct use of medication (31.3%), non-pharmacological treatment (15.7%), and recommendation of a different medication (6.9%) or a different product (5.3%). CONCLUSIONS: Nowadays higher number of active ingredients than brands are requested when selecting a treatment for an infection, mainly ß-lactams and macrolides. Majority of self-medication tried to treat upper respiratory infections, urinary and teeth infections. Most frequent pharmacists' intervention was referring to the GP to obtain a correct diagnosis and treatment.


Assuntos
Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia , Farmácias , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Farmacêuticos , Prescrições
9.
Semergen ; 46(3): 194-201, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31785989

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To quantify the proportion of oral antibiotics through private prescription (PP) and irregular prescription (IP) in the Community Pharmacy (CP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional multicentre study carried out in Spanish community pharmacies over a 4week period, one in each season of the year. An analysis was made of private and irregular prescriptions of oral J01 antibacterials for systemic use (Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical [ATC] classification). The study variables used were prescription and consultation characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 3569 PP (71% followed legislation) and 833 IP were recorded by 365 pharmacists working in 247 CP. PP were prescribed by dentists (43.7%), general practitioners (GP) (26.20%), and paediatricians (10.3%), to treat teeth infections (39.8%), upper respiratory infections (25.6%), lower respiratory infections (10.3%), and urinary infections (7.7%). The most prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin (27.9%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic (25.2%). IP came from Emergency Departments (32.8%), oral/phone prescriptions (20.4%), and patient demand due to insufficient quantity of antibiotic to complete treatment (10%). Prescriptions came from GP (25.2%), dentists (24.7%), and paediatricians (12%) to treat upper respiratory infections (32.5%), teeth infections (25.8%), urinary infections (14.2%), and lower respiratory infections (10.8%). The most prescribed antibiotics were amoxicillin-clavulanic (27.4%) and amoxicillin (21.6%). Since every patient with IP was referred to the GP, 45.4% of them accepted the recommendations of the pharmacists. CONCLUSIONS: This study obtained PP and IP characteristics, unknown and needed data in Spain for future health policy plans.


Assuntos
Farmácias , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Estudos Transversais , Prescrições de Medicamentos , Humanos , Prescrições , Espanha
10.
Zootaxa ; 4457(3): 397-414, 2018 Aug 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30314156

RESUMO

Oswaldella is the most speciose genus of Antarctic hydroids, being one of the most characteristic genera of hydrozoans of the Antarctic benthic marine ecosystem. A relatively high number of taxonomic characters allow species identification, but some key ones are difficult to study properly with a light microscope. In order to improve knowledge of species of the genus, a SEM survey of five of the 27 known nominal species of Oswaldella was carried out, including type material of O. grandis and O. terranovae. The study has revealed no significant differences between O. stepanjantsae and O. terranovae and, consequently, the former is considered a junior synonym of the latter. The type material of O. terranovae included material of an unnoticed, unknown species, which is described as O. occulta sp. nov.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Hidrozoários , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Regiões Antárticas
11.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 15(4): 13-25, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-226420

RESUMO

Objetivo: conocer dentro del proyecto May Measurement Month (MMM), la situación de la presión arterial (PA) en la población española, difundir la importancia de su medida periódica y estimar la prevalencia de hipertensión enmascarada (HEN). Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal en farmacias comunitarias españolas durante mayo de 2019. Sujetos: usuarios adultos que consentían participar. Variables: presión arterial sistólica (PAS), presión arterial diastólica (PAD) en milímetros de mercurio (mmHg), frecuencia cardíaca (FC) en latidos/minuto (lat/min) A los participantes con PA ≥130/85 y <149/90 se les ofrecía realizar automedida (AMPA) para confirmar HEN. Resultados: 491 farmacéuticos recogieron 3.402 registros válidos (61,9% mujeres), edad media 56,6 años. 143 (4,2 %) nunca se habían medido la PA y 918 (27,0 %) no la habían medido en el último año. 1.047 tomaban antihipertensivos, de los que el 45,7 % tenían la PA alta. 780 (22,9 %) participantes tenían valores elevados de PA; ambos, 252 (7,4 %). La PASm fue 125,0 y la PADm 76,5 mmHg, mayor en hombres (p<0,001). La FCm fue de 72,6 lat/min. Se encontró relación directa entre PAS y PAD e IMC (p<0,0001). PADm y FCm fueron mayores en fumadores (p<0,0001). En pacientes diabéticos, PAS, PAD y FC fueron mayores. 61 participantes con sospecha de HEN aceptaron realizar AMPA. 25 (40,1 %) resultaron con PA ≥135/85 mmHg. Conclusiones: casi uno de cada cuatro participantes tenía valores de PA ≥140/90 mmHg. Los factores de riesgo relacionados más estrechamente con la PA elevada fueron sobrepeso, diabetes y edad. El 40 % de las sospechas de HEN se confirmaron mediante AMPA (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Determinação da Pressão Arterial , Hipertensão Mascarada/diagnóstico , Promoção da Saúde , Estudos Transversais
12.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 15(4): 26-36, 2023. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-226421

RESUMO

Resumen: La dispensación y la prescripción de antibióticos no se adecúa a los estándares científicos en muchos de los países en la Unión Europea, entre los que se encuentra España, resultando una amenaza para la salud de la población. Para hacer frente al crecimiento de las resistencias antimicrobianas surgió el proyecto “Happy Patient” bajo el auspicio de la Comisión Europea. Objetivos: conocer las características de la dispensación de antibióticos en farmacias comunitarias españolas. Comparar la variabilidad entre las diferentes farmacias comunitarias españolas. Material y métodos: se utilizó el método “Audit Project Odense®” para conocer cómo eran las dispensaciones de antibióticos en las farmacias comunitarias, pidiendo a los farmacéuticos participantes registrar durante 5 días consecutivos entre los meses de febrero y abril de 2022, las actuaciones llevadas a cabo durante la dispensación de antibióticos por vía oral para uso humano y para el tratamiento de infecciones agudas. Resultados: se entrevistaron a 573 usuarios (59,9 % mujeres) de todas las edades. Los usuarios conocían en un 83,6 % para qué había sido prescrito el antibiótico siendo el más demandado la amoxicilina seguido de la amoxicilina con ácido clavulánico. En un 15 % de las dispensaciones (n=86) se realizaron los tres controles de seguridad: interacciones, contraindicaciones y alergias. El dispensador contactó muy raramente con el prescriptor (4 veces), pero cuando lo hizo, éste cambió la prescripción. En el 62,3 % de los casos se ofreció información sobre la duración del tratamiento y la amoxicilina con y sin ácido clavulánico fue el antibiótico dispensado en el que en más ocasiones se advirtió de los efectos secundarios. En un 24,6 % de las dispensaciones no se ofreció ninguna información personalizada del medicamento. En el 81,7 % el farmacéutico estuvo de acuerdo con el tratamiento prescrito (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Serviços Comunitários de Farmácia , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Auditoria Clínica
14.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209372

RESUMO

JUSTIFICACIÓN: el Servicio de Indicación Farmacéutica (SIF), según Foro AF-FC, es el prestado ante la consulta de un problema de salud concreto, para un paciente o cuidador que llega a la farmacia solicitando el remedio más adecuado para el mismo. A pesar de representar entre el 9-16% de la actividad de las Farmacias Comunitarias (FC), su implantación protocolizada no está generalizada. OBJETIVOS: principal: Implantar un SIF protocolizado en la práctica habitual de la FC. Secundarios:­ Calcular el tiempo de realización del SIF.­ Enumerar las derivaciones al médico realizadas. ­Cuantificar la mejoría del síntoma menor tratado.­Comparar el cambio en la calidad de vida del paciente. METODOLOGÍA: estudio descriptivo, observacional, realizado en una FC de la Comunidad de Madrid, siguiendo la metodología del proyecto INDICA+PRO (aprobado por CEIC) durante el año 2021.Para la realización del SIF se utilizó el protocolo de Foro AF-FC y la recogida de datos se realizó utilizando la plataforma SEFAC e_XPERT®. Se solicitó el consentimiento informado para participar en el estudio. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó el programa estadístico SPSS® 27.0 para Windows®. RESULTADOS: se realizaron 156 SIF (87,8% consulta de síntoma menor y 12,2% demanda de medicamento) a 95 mujeres (60,9%). La edad media de los pacientes fue 49,35±17,91 años. Se hicieron consultas sobre 42 síntomas, los más frecuentes: estreñimiento (7,1%), síndrome catarral/gripal y tos (5,8%), congestión nasal y dolor articular/espalda (5,1%), aftas y dolor de garganta (4,5%). (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Pacientes , 35170 , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Farmácias
15.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209440

RESUMO

PRESENTACIÓN: acude a la farmacia un varón de 25 años solicitando algo para tranquilizarse. Está de exámenes en la universidad y tiene que aprobar ahora todo porque se va a marchar con una ONG en verano para realizar trabajo humanitario. Está mucho más nervioso que en otras ocasiones, a pesar de que ha estudiado mucho y cree que controla todo el temario, además de tener un cansancio “extremo”. Refiere temblores frecuentes, detectables al hablar con él. Se deriva a la ZAP. Comenta que está muy alterado y se pasa todo el día comiendo porque tiene mucha hambre, además de que nota que el corazón se le va a salir del pecho. Realizamos un servicio de medición de la presión arterial, según programa impacHta con resultado 120/70 mmHg y 140 pulsaciones/min. Se aprecian ojos que parecen salir de la cavidad ocular. No toma estimulantes. Diagnosticado de ansiedad hace tres días y en tratamiento con Alprazolam 0,25 mg 1-1-1. Los síntomas no remiten, refiere mucho sueño que no le deja estudiar.EVALUACIÓN: la presión arterial está en valores normales, sin embargo, los valores de frecuencia cardiaca están bastante elevados. Eso unido los temblores, cansancio, nerviosismo, polifagia y exoftalmia hacen pensar en un hipertiroidismo.INTERVENCIÓN: se registra el servicio de indicación farmacéutica (SIF) a través de la plataforma SEFAC e_XPERT y se emite un informe de derivación al médico de familia para que evalúe la situación, sugiriendo que realice una analítica que incluya pruebas tiroideas.RESULTADO: el médico retira el Alprazolam 0,25 mg hasta tener resultados de una analítica.Al cabo de 15 días vuelve con la siguiente analítica:TSH: 0,01 µUI/mL (0,36-5,55) T4: 9,72 ng/dL (0,80-1,80)T3 > 20 pg/mL Es diagnosticado de hipertiroidismo y le prescriben propanolol 10 mg (1-1-1) y carbimazol 5 mg (2-2-2). (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Hipertireoidismo , Pacientes , Farmácia , Pressão Arterial , Ansiedade , Exoftalmia
16.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209283

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: la revista Farmacéuticos Comunitarios (RFC) se ha consolidado en los últimos años como soporte adecuado, serio y riguroso, para el traslado a la comunidad científica de los resultados de la investigación en el ámbito de la Farmacia Comunitaria. Por otra parte, muchas instituciones académicas exigen para reconocer el trabajo de sus investigadores que éste sea publicado en revistas científicas revisadas por pares e indexadas en Journal Citation Reports (JCR) Al estar RFC indexada en este índice se convierte en vehículo para la publicación de trabajos académicos. Hasta el momento muchos farmacéuticos comunitarios, ante la escasez de revistas del sector, se veían obligados a publicar sus trabajos en revistas de otras disciplinas, con la dificultad que esto supone. Mejora continua de la calidad: El idioma de la revista es el español, y de países de habla hispana proceden más del 90 % de las visitas. Pero es obvio que la lingua franca de la ciencia es el inglés. Desde hace ya años los artículos más destacados de cada número se publican en edición bilingüe español/inglés. La proporción de artículos bilingües ira aumentando progresivamente. Hasta la fecha los artículos solo están disponibles en el momento de ser publicado el número al que pertenecen. Esto es una reminiscencia de la publicación en formato papel ya que no había otra opción. Internet ha cambiado el paradigma. En la publicación online el concepto “número” tiene cada vez menos sentido y muchas revistas publican sus artículos en lo que llaman “preprint”. Se ponen a disposición de los lectores en el momento en el que su proceso de edición ha terminado, aunque posteriormente se asignan a un número concreto. Esta es la tendencia actual en la publicación científica y a ello tenderemos. Lo más importante de una revista científica son sus lectores seguido de los autores. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , 34002 , Farmácias
17.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209358

RESUMO

JUSTIFICACIÓN: la resistencia antimicrobiana es una de las mayores amenazas para las sociedades occidentales (OMS). Alrededor de 25.000 personas mueren anualmente como consecuencia del uso inadecuado de antibióticos (ECDPC). HAPPY PATIENT (https://happypatient.eu/) busca reducir el impacto de la resistencia antimicrobiana disminuyendo el uso y dispensación inadecuados de antimicrobianos para el tratamiento de infecciones comunes adquiridas en la comunidad. Sigue la metodología “Audit Project Odense (APO)”. Es un proyecto financiado por la Unión Europea. En España lo lideran el Instituto Catalán de la Salud y el Instituto Universitario para la Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salud Jordi Gol i Gurina. Farmacéuticos de SEFAC son invitados a participar, junto a otros profesionales sanitarios, en el proyecto y a realizar un estudio piloto, para validar las auditorías que se llevarán a cabo, que aquí se describe.OBJETIVO: recoger información sobre dispensaciones de antibióticos en farmacia comunitaria.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico realizado en cinco farmacias comunitarias, cinco días consecutivos en octubre-2021.Se empleó durante la dispensación una plantilla facilitada por HAPPY PATIENT para recoger información: antibiótico prescrito, tipo de infección, duración de tratamiento, existencia de problemas de seguridad en su uso, consejo proporcionado por el farmacéutico, concordancia a juicio del farmacéutico de la idoneidad del tratamiento prescrito, necesidad de contacto con el prescriptor y si la prescripción es diferida. Análisis estadístico SPSS®27.0.RESULTADOS: se dispensaron 175 antibióticos a 174 pacientes (45,7 % mujeres), para infecciones del tracto respiratorio (46,3 %), urinarias (25,7 %), gastrointestinales (5,7 %), piel (6,3 %) y otras (12,6 %). (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Farmácias , Antibacterianos , Pacientes , Pessoal de Saúde , Terapêutica , União Europeia
18.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209359

RESUMO

JUSTIFICACIÓN: HAPPY PATIENT (https://happypatient.eu/) busca reducir el impacto de la resistencia antimicrobiana disminuyendo el uso y dispensación inadecuados de antimicrobianos para el tratamiento de infecciones comunes adquiridas en la comunidad. Sigue la metodología “Audit Project Odense (APO)”.La primera fase del estudio consiste en la realización de un piloto para validar el cuestionario de registro que se utilizará en las auditorías posteriores.OBJETIVO: revisar y validar el formulario de recogida de información y las instrucciones asociadas.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico realizado por cinco farmacéuticos comunitarios en octubre-2021.Se suministra una encuesta autoadministrada para evaluar la idoneidad de la plantilla de registro y hoja de instrucciones utilizadas en la dispensación de antibióticos, con once preguntas sobre: claridad en las instrucciones, facilidad para identificar el antibiótico a dispensar, si eran apropiados los consejos dados y si faltaba/sobraba alguno, tiempo empleado para registrar, si se puede realizar la recogida de datos cinco días consecutivos o motivos para no realizarla, posibilidad de recoger datos durante 4 semanas consecutivas y motivos que dificultarían este registro, número de profesionales y cualificación que registran en la farmacia. Además de un campo libre para comentarios. Análisis SPSS®27.0.RESULTADOS: el 100 % afirmaron que tanto la plantilla de registro como las instrucciones eran claras y suficientes; las cajas de antibióticos dispensadas eran fáciles de relacionar con la lista de antibióticos suministrada. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Farmácias , Antibacterianos , Pacientes , Pessoal de Saúde , Terapêutica , Preparações Farmacêuticas
19.
Hipertens Riesgo Vasc ; 34(4): 157-164, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28576401

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: High blood pressure (HBP) is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor and its detection at early ages may allow strategies to be designed to reduce cardiovascular risk in adulthood. OBJECTIVES: To provide blood pressure (BP) values in a sample of adolescents using an electronic oscillometric device. MATERIAL AND METHODS: BP was measured according the European Society of Hypertension guidelines using an oscillometric device. Height and weight were also measured. Four height groups were used in order to associate the 90, 95, and 99 percentiles with systolic BP (pSBP) and diastolic BP percentiles (pDBP) for sex and age: H150 (≤ 150cm), H160(151-160cm), H170(161-170cm), and H180(≥171cm). RESULTS: Data from 2,758 students aged 12-17 years were included in the analysis. BP increases with age, with differences of up to 11mmHg in boys vs. 3mmHg in girls for SBP and 3mmHg vs. 1mmHg for DBP. In high SBP, for the younger adolescents, the difference related to height was 15mmHg in boys vs. 8mmHg in girls, with no significant increase in the older ones in either gender. The high BDP varied depending on the height, 10mmHg in younger boys and 3mmHg in older ones, while in girls the variation was 3mmHg for all ages. CONCLUSIONS: SBP/DBP in adolescents increases with age and also with height, giving similar figures in the taller ones, regardless of age.


Assuntos
Adolescente/fisiologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Idade de Início , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Diagnóstico Precoce , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Oscilometria , Valores de Referência , Espanha , Esfigmomanômetros , População Urbana
20.
Farm. comunitarios (Internet) ; 14(Supl 1): 1, junio 2022. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-209288

RESUMO

JUSTIFICACIÓN: Desde la declaración mundial de pandemia (marzo-2020) la mayoría de las consultas médicas en España abandonaron la presencialidad y fueron sustituidas por la telemedicina. Después de 1 año, SEFAC considera necesario realizar una encuesta a pacientes para valorar si han tenido problemas de acceso a los centros de salud (CS) y/o a las especialidades (CE) y a la farmacia comunitaria (FC),OBJETIVOS: saber si los pacientes han tenido problemas de acceso a los CS y/o a las CE y a la FC durante la pandemia.METODOLOGÍA: estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal y multicéntrico realizado en farmacias comunitarias de todo el territorio nacional durante un mes, del 7 de abril al 7 de mayo de 2021. La representatividad se ha intentado conseguir con un número de 2900 encuestas, estimando una pérdida de un 20%. Se ha realizado la encuesta apacientes ≥ 18 años que han acudido a la farmacia comunitaria a retirar su medicación crónica o aguda y accedido a participar. Se les ha realizado la encuesta de 23 preguntas y pasado las respuestas a un soporte digital. Para el m análisis de los datos se ha utilizado el programa estadístico SPSS® 22.0 para Windows®.RESULTADOS: de los 1512 pacientes encuestados, El 50,60% afirma que le ha resultado muy difícil contactar con el CS cuando lo ha necesitado y un 10,85% dice no haberlo logrado. En cambio, el 92,92% no ha tenido dificultad de acceso a la FC. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Coronavírus Relacionado à Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Farmácia , Telemedicina , Pandemias , Pacientes
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