Anthocyanin and Oil Contents, Fatty Acids Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Mexican Landrace Avocado Fruits.

Mexican landrace avocados are naturally distributed mainly in high areas of central Mexico, where they have been produced and consumed since pre-Hispanic times. However, trees of these species are being replaced by improved varieties with greater global demand, and many species have been lost due to the destruction of their natural habitats. Many people in Mexico like to consume the pulp and peel of these fruits and have done so since pre-Hispanic times. This is because the peel of Mexican landrace avocados, unlike the peel of Hass avocados, is very thin and flavorful. The peel color may be bluish-purple or dark reddish due to the presence of anthocyanins, which are compounds with antioxidant activity. The objective of this study was to assess the oil and anthocyanin contents and to evaluate the antioxidant activity in fruits of 11 accessions collected from producing-regions of Mexico. The oil content was 16.2 to 32.3 g 100 g-1 in pulp, and the main unsaturated fatty acids were oleic, linoleic and palmitoleic acids, depending on the accession. The anthocyanin contents in peels ranged from 0.64 to 47 mg g-1 fresh weight. The highest antioxidant activity was found in the peel (53.3-307.3 mmol g-1 fresh weight). The results confirm that the pulp and peel of dark-peel Mexican landrace avocados could be important nutraceuticals for humans.

Emergence and spread of a new community-genotype methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clone in Colombia.

BACKGROUND: Community-genotype methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CG-MRSA) clones are a global concern due to their resistance and increased virulence and their ability to cause infections both hospitalized patients and healthy people in the community. Here, we characterize 32 isolates of a new CG-MRSA clone. These isolates were identified in four cities in Colombia, South America. METHODS: The isolates were recovered from four different epidemiological and prospective studies that were conducted in several regions of Colombia. Molecular characterizations included multilocus sequence typing; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; SCCmec, agr and spa typing; and whole-genome sequencing. RESULTS: All isolates belonged to ST923 (clonal complex 8), harbouring SCCmec IVa and a spa type t1635 and lacking an arginine catabolism mobile element. The isolates were classified as COL923, were resistant to at least one non-beta-lactam antibiotic, and exhibited high frequencies (>60%) of resistance to macrolides and tetracycline. Using whole-genome sequencing, we found that this new clone harbours novel prophage 3 and beta-island structures and a slightly different pathogenicity island 5. Moreover, isolates belonging to the COL923 clone are grouped in a different clade than USA300 and USA300-LV. CONCLUSION: Our results show the emergence and spread of the COL923 clone in different cities in Colombia. This clone is resistant to several antibiotics and possesses new structures in its mobile genetic elements.

Enzootic transmission of yellow fever virus, Venezuela.

Phylogenetic analysis of yellow fever virus (YFV) strains isolated from Venezuela strongly supports YFV maintenance in situ in Venezuela, with evidence of regionally independent evolution within the country. However, there is considerable YFV movement from Brazil to Venezuela and between Trinidad and Venezuela.

Evolutionary and Ecological Characterization of Mayaro Virus Strains Isolated during an Outbreak, Venezuela, 2010.

In 2010, an outbreak of febrile illness with arthralgic manifestations was detected at La Estación village, Portuguesa State, Venezuela. The etiologic agent was determined to be Mayaro virus (MAYV), a reemerging South American alphavirus. A total of 77 cases was reported and 19 were confirmed as seropositive. MAYV was isolated from acute-phase serum samples from 6 symptomatic patients. We sequenced 27 complete genomes representing the full spectrum of MAYV genetic diversity, which facilitated detection of a new genotype, designated N. Phylogenetic analysis of genomic sequences indicated that etiologic strains from Venezuela belong to genotype D. Results indicate that MAYV is highly conserved genetically, showing ≈17% nucleotide divergence across all 3 genotypes and 4% among genotype D strains in the most variable genes. Coalescent analyses suggested genotypes D and L diverged ≈150 years ago and genotype diverged N ≈250 years ago. This virus commonly infects persons residing near enzootic transmission foci because of anthropogenic incursions.

Vitamin D in Depression: A Potential Bioactive Agent to Reduce Suicide and Suicide Attempt Risk.

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), every year, more than 700 thousand people die from this cause. Therefore, suicide is a public health issue. The complex interaction between different factors causes suicide; however, depression is one of the most frequent factors in people who have attempted suicide. Several studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency may be a relevant risk factor for depression, and vitamin D supplementation has shown promising effects in the adjunctive treatment of this mood disorder. Among the beneficial mechanisms of vitamin D, it has been proposed that it may enhance serotonin synthesis and modulate proinflammatory cytokines since low serotonin levels and systemic inflammation have been associated with depression and suicide. The present narrative review shows the potential pathogenic role of vitamin D deficiency in depression and suicide and the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation to reduce their risk.

Factors associated with the use of the N95 respirator in university students in the daily life of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors associated with the use of the N95 respirator in Nursing and Medical students in the daily life of the covid-19 pandemic. METHODS: Descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study carried out in 2020. A total of 830 students from three universities in Peru participated in the study. Associations were evaluated using Pearson's Chi-Square and multivariate Poisson modeling with log linkage. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between the preference to use the N95 respirator in relation to masks according to the activity they perform (p=0.001) and where they live (p=0.005). The multivariate analysis reported that the associated characteristics were age, activity performed, perception and fear of being infected by covid-19. CONCLUSION: The choice of N95 respirator is influenced by individual factors and perceptions. Spaces are needed to discuss daily life, the way of living, caring and educating, considering the socioeconomic dimensions and beliefs.

Preventing COVID-19 as a nursing student through social networks in their family-social environment.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze and understand COVID-19 prevention by nursing students through social networks in their family-social environment. METHOD: a qualitative descriptive-interpretative study, developed in the nursing school of a public university in Lima, Peru, from October to December 2020. Students from the fourth and fifth year of studies participated. Data were collected with the technique of focus groups (2) and analyzed with thematic content analysis. RESULTS: two categories emerged: Using various social networks in times of pandemic; Considering themselves trained for COVID-19 prevention through social networks in their family-social circle. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: nursing students carry out COVID-19 prevention in their family-social circle through social networks, showing satisfaction in the transmission of knowledge, considering the people's physical-emotional condition and local health status, perceiving themselves as agents of change, seeking people empowerment.

Circle dance: integrative and complementary practice in the daily health promotion for older adults.

OBJECTIVES: to understand circle dance as an integrative and complementary practice for health promotion in older adults' daily lives. METHODS: an interpretive, qualitative study, based on Michel Maffesoli's Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life. There were 20 participants, 17 older adults and three focalizers in circles held in Basic Health Units in a municipality in southern Brazil. Data were collected through interviews and observation, between September 2016 and March 2017, and analyzed through preliminary analysis, ordering, key links, coding and categorization. RESULTS: three categories emerged that express the daily life of circle dance with older adults: circles that spin; challenges for new circles to spin; entering, being and staying in the circle. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: circle dance provided older adults with a feeling of belonging to a group, combined with pleasure and well-being, contributing to promotion of older adults' health.

The routine of the street outreach office team: Procedures and care for the homeless.

This study aims to understand the routine of the street outreach office team regarding the attention paid to the homeless. It is a holistic qualitative multiple case study, based on Michel Maffesoli's Comprehensive and Quotidian Sociology. It was performed using two key informants and 20 professionals of the street outreach office of two capitals in the South of Brazil. For data analysis, we used the Thematic Content Analysis. The itinerancy, the unexpected and the immediacy of homeless people are part of the team's everyday life. The potentialities of the teams are their intra- and intersectoral networks; inter- and transdisciplinarity; and available material/diagnostic resources, whereas the limitations are their inequalities, vulnerabilities and social exclusion, in addition to the specificities of the homeless and the multiple problems that these people live with. Understanding the routine of the street outreach office reveals co-responsibility in unique actions aligned with the needs of the homeless, precisely signalling that health care needs to be integrated into a network so that these individuals can meet the complex challenges of living in unsafe street environments.

Estrategias para garantizar la seguridad del paciente crítico / Strategies to ensure the critical patient safety

Objetivo: Identificar las estrategias para garantizar la seguridad del paciente crítico. Método: Revisión integradora, cuya búsqueda fue realizada en mayo del 2022 haciendo uso de las fuentes de datos: MEDLINE, SciELO, WOS, LILACS, Scopus e IBECS. El análisis y síntesis se construyó a partir de los resultados encontrados, buscando agruparlos por categorías en función de la similitud de contenido. Resultados: Se encontraron 377 artículos, luego se procedió a aplicar los criterios de inclusión y la lectura exhaustiva, resultando una muestra de 13 artículos. Los resultados fueron clasificados en cinco categorías: Prevención de la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica; Seguridad en la administración y gestión de medicamentos; Prevención de las lesiones por presión; Programa educativo orientado a la seguridad del paciente en cuidados intensivos, y Reflexiones del equipo de salud con respecto a cultura de seguridad.Conclusiones: Este estudio contribuye a identificar de forma integral las diversas estrategias cuyos resultados demostraron un cambio positivo en la prevención de eventos adversos y el fortalecimiento en la seguridad en la atención sanitaria (AU)

Objective: Identify the strategies to guarantee the safety of the critically ill patient. Method: Integrative review, search carried out in May 2022 using the data sources: MEDLINE, SciELO, WOS, LILACS, Scopus and IBECS. The analysis and synthesis were built from the results found, seeking to group them by categories based on the similarity of content. Results: 377 articles were found, thenthe inclusion criteriaand exhaustive reading were applied, resulting in a sample of 13 articles. The results were classified into five categories: Prevention of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation; Safety in the administration of management of medicines; Prevention of pressure injuries; Educational program oriented to patient safety in intensive care and; Reflections of the health team regarding safety culture. Conclusions: This study contributes to comprehensively identify the various strategies whose results demonstrated a positive change in the prevention of adverse events and strengthening of safety in health care (AU)

Factors associated with the use of the N95 respirator in university students in the daily life of COVID-19 / Factores asociados al uso del respirador N95 en universitarios en lo cotidiano de la COVID-19 / Factores asociados al uso del respirador N95 en universitarios en lo cotidiano de la COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the factors associated with the use of the N95 respirator in Nursing and Medical students in the daily life of the covid-19 pandemic. Methods: Descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study carried out in 2020. A total of 830 students from three universities in Peru participated in the study. Associations were evaluated using Pearson's Chi-Square and multivariate Poisson modeling with log linkage. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the preference to use the N95 respirator in relation to masks according to the activity they perform (p=0.001) and where they live (p=0.005). The multivariate analysis reported that the associated characteristics were age, activity performed, perception and fear of being infected by covid-19. Conclusion: The choice of N95 respirator is influenced by individual factors and perceptions. Spaces are needed to discuss daily life, the way of living, caring and educating, considering the socioeconomic dimensions and beliefs.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar os fatores associados ao uso do respirador N95 em estudantes de Enfermagem e Medicina no cotidiano da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-analítico transversal, realizado em 2020. Participaram 830 estudantes de três universidades do Peru. As associações foram avaliadas por meio do Qui-Quadrado de Pearson e modelagem multivariada de Poisson com link de log. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre a preferência de uso do respirador N95 em relação às máscaras, de acordo com a atividade exercida (p=0,001) e o local de residência (p=0,005). A análise multivariada relatou que as características associadas foram a idade, a atividade que desempenha, a percepção e o medo de ser infectado pela COVID-19. Conclusão: Na preferência de escolha do respirador N95, intervêm fatores e percepções individuais. São necessários espaços para discutir o cotidiano, o modo de viver, cuidar e educar, considerando as dimensões socioeconômicas e as crenças.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al uso del respirador N95 en estudiantes de Enfermería y Medicina Humana en lo cotidiano de la pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-analítico transversal realizado en el año 2020. Participaron 830 estudiantes de tres universidades de Perú. Se evaluaron asociaciones mediante Chi Cuadrado de Pearson y modelamiento multivariado de Poisson con link log. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la preferencia de usar el respirador N95 en comparación con las mascarillas según la actividad que desempeñan (p=0,001) y lugar de residencia (p=0,005). El análisis multivariado reportó que las características asociadas fueron la edad, la actividad que desempeña, percepción y miedo de que podrían infectarse con COVID-19. Conclusión: En la preferencia de elegir el respirador N95, intervienen factores individuales y las percepciones. Se necesitan espacios para discutir lo cotidiano, la manera de vivir, cuidar y educar; considerando dimensiones socioeconómicas y creencias.

Circle dance: integrative and complementary practice in the daily health promotion for older adults / Danza circular: práctica integradora y complementaria en el cotidiano de la promoción de la salud del anciano / Dança circular: prática integrativa e complementar no quotidiano da promoção da saúde da pessoa idosa

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand circle dance as an integrative and complementary practice for health promotion in older adults' daily lives. Methods: an interpretive, qualitative study, based on Michel Maffesoli's Comprehensive Sociology of Everyday Life. There were 20 participants, 17 older adults and three focalizers in circles held in Basic Health Units in a municipality in southern Brazil. Data were collected through interviews and observation, between September 2016 and March 2017, and analyzed through preliminary analysis, ordering, key links, coding and categorization. Results: three categories emerged that express the daily life of circle dance with older adults: circles that spin; challenges for new circles to spin; entering, being and staying in the circle. Final Considerations: circle dance provided older adults with a feeling of belonging to a group, combined with pleasure and well-being, contributing to promotion of older adults' health.

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender la danza circular como práctica integradora y complementaria para la promoción de la salud en el cotidiano de los ancianos. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, interpretativo, basado en la Sociología Integral y Cotidiana de Michel Maffesoli. Fueron 20 participantes, 17 ancianos y tres grupos focales realizados en Unidades Básicas de Salud de una ciudad del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas y observación, entre septiembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017, analizados por los procesos de análisis preliminar, ordenamiento, enlaces clave, codificación y categorización. Resultados: surgieron tres categorías, que expresan el cotidiano de la danza circular con ancianos: las ruecas; desafíos para que giren nuevas ruedas; entrar, estar y permanecer en el círculo. Consideraciones Finales: la danza circular proporcionó a los ancianos el sentimiento de pertenencia a un grupo, combinado con placer y bienestar, contribuyendo para la promoción de la salud de esta población.

RESUMO Objetivos: compreender a dança circular como uma prática integrativa e complementar para a promoção da saúde no quotidiano da pessoa idosa. Métodos: estudo interpretativo, qualitativo, fundamentado na Sociologia Compreensiva e do Quotidiano de Michel Maffesoli. Foram 20 participantes, 17 pessoas idosas e três focalizadoras em rodas realizadas em Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e observação, entre setembro de 2016 e março de 2017, analisados pelos processos de análise preliminar, ordenação, ligações-chave, codificação e categorização. Resultados: emergiram três categorias, que expressam o quotidiano da dança circular com pessoas idosas: as rodas que giram; desafios para novas rodas girarem; o entrar, o estar e o permanecer na roda. Considerações Finais: a dança circular proporcionou às pessoas idosas a sensação de pertencimento a um grupo, aliada ao prazer e bem-estar, contribuindo para a promoção da saúde desta população.

Wheel of life and Reiki repercussions on health promotion for nursing professionals / Rueda de la vida y repercusiones del Reiki en la promoción de la salud para profesionales de enfermería / Roda da vida e repercussões do Reiki na promoção da saúde de profissionais de enfermagem

ABSTRACT Objective: to know the repercussions of a Reiki intervention on the well-being and self-reported health of nursing professionals. Method: this is a study with quasi-experiment characteristics, of before and after type, through intervention with Reiki, carried out with 14 nursing professionals from a teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Data were collected between September 2019 and March 2020, through an audio-recorded interview, guided by the Roda da Vida instrument, whose graphic representation is a circumference, divided into 12 parts referring to different aspects of life, grouped into four quadrants: mental, emotional, practical and spiritual. Results: before intervention, there was a greater commitment in the emotional aspect, which remained after, but with a significant increase in the assigned score, indicating an improvement in satisfaction. Only one participant showed no increase in the score. The reflections showed that the professionals were dissatisfied and oblivious to their own lives in the four aspects evaluated and recognized that this impacted their health condition. After intervention, they showed positive repercussions and a new perspective of looking at life. Conclusion: the Reiki intervention promoted improvement in the self-reported health and general well-being of nursing professionals, characterized by contributions to mental, practical, emotional and spiritual issues.

RESUMEN Objetivo: conocer las repercusiones de una intervención de Reiki sobre el bienestar y la salud autoinformada de los profesionales de enfermería. Método: se trata de un estudio con características de cuasi-experimento, del tipo antes y después, mediante intervención con Reiki, realizado con 14 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital escuela del sur de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados entre septiembre de 2019 y marzo de 2020, a través de una entrevista grabada en audio, guiada por el instrumento Roda da Vida, cuya representación gráfica es una circunferencia, dividido en 12 partes referentes a diferentes aspectos de la vida, agrupados en cuatro cuadrantes: mental, emocional, práctico y espiritual. Resultados: antes de la intervención hubo un mayor compromiso en el aspecto emocional, que se mantuvo después, pero con un aumento significativo en la puntuación asignada, indicando una mejora en la satisfacción. Solo uno de los participantes no mostró aumento en la puntuación. Las reflexiones mostraron que los profesionales estaban insatisfechos y ajenos a su propia vida en los cuatro aspectos evaluados y reconocieron que eso impactaba en su estado de salud. Después de la intervención, mostraron repercusiones positivas y una nueva perspectiva de mirar la vida. Conclusión: la intervención de Reiki promovió mejoría en la salud y el bienestar general autorreferidos de los profesionales de enfermería, caracterizados por contribuciones para cuestiones mentales, prácticas, emocionales y espirituales.

RESUMO Objetivo: conhecer as repercussões de uma intervenção com Reiki no bem-estar e na saúde autorreferida de profissionais de enfermagem. Método: estudo com características de quase experimento, do tipo antes e depois, mediante intervenção com Reiki, realizado com 14 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital escola do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados entre setembro de 2019 e março de 2020, mediante entrevista áudio-gravada, norteada pelo instrumento Roda da Vida, cuja representação gráfica é uma circunferência, dividida em 12 partes referentes a diferentes aspectos da vida, agrupados em quatro quadrantes: mental, emocional, prático e espiritual. Resultados: antes da intervenção, foi observado maior comprometimento no aspecto emocional, o que se manteve após, porém com aumento importante na pontuação atribuída, indicando melhora da satisfação. Apenas uma das participantes não apresentou aumento na pontuação. As reflexões mostraram que as profissionais estavam insatisfeitas e alheias à própria vida nos quatro aspectos avaliados e reconheciam que isso impactava sua condição de saúde. Após a intervenção, mostraram repercussões positivas e uma nova perspectiva de olhar a vida. Conclusão: a intervenção com Reiki promoveu melhoria na saúde autorreferida e no bem-estar geral das profissionais de enfermagem, caracterizada por contribuições nas questões mentais, práticas, emocionais e espirituais.

Preventing COVID-19 as a nursing student through social networks in their family-social environment / Prevenindo a COVID-19 como estudante de enfermagem por meio de redes sociais em seu ambiente familiar-social / Previniendo el COVID-19 como estudiante de enfermería mediante redes sociales en su entorno familiar-social

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze and understand COVID-19 prevention by nursing students through social networks in their family-social environment. Method: a qualitative descriptive-interpretative study, developed in the nursing school of a public university in Lima, Peru, from October to December 2020. Students from the fourth and fifth year of studies participated. Data were collected with the technique of focus groups (2) and analyzed with thematic content analysis. Results: two categories emerged: Using various social networks in times of pandemic; Considering themselves trained for COVID-19 prevention through social networks in their family-social circle. Final considerations: nursing students carry out COVID-19 prevention in their family-social circle through social networks, showing satisfaction in the transmission of knowledge, considering the people's physical-emotional condition and local health status, perceiving themselves as agents of change, seeking people empowerment.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar e compreender a prevenção da COVID-19 por estudantes de enfermagem por meio das redes sociais em seu ambiente familiar-social. Método: estudo qualitativo descritivo-interpretativo, desenvolvido na escola de enfermagem de uma universidade pública em Lima-Peru, de outubro a dezembro de 2020. Participaram alunos do quarto e quinto ano de estudos. Os dados foram coletados com a técnica de grupos focais (2) e analisados com análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: Utilizando diversas redes sociais em tempos de pandemia; Considerando-se capacitados para a prevenção da COVID-19 por meio das redes sociais em seu círculo familiar-social. Considerações finais: os acadêmicos de enfermagem realizam a prevenção da COVID-19 em seu círculo familiar-social por meio das redes sociais, demonstrando satisfação na transmissão do conhecimento, considerando a condição físico-emocional das pessoas e o estado de saúde local, percebendo-se como agentes de mudança, buscando o empoderamento das pessoas.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar y comprender la prevención del COVID-19 por las estudiantes de enfermería mediante redes sociales en su entorno familiar-social. Método: estudio cualitativo descriptivo-interpretativo, desarrollada en la escuela de enfermería de una universidad pública en Lima-Perú, de octubre a diciembre del 2020. Participaron estudiantes del cuarto y quinto año de estudios, se recolectaron los datos con la técnica de grupos focales (2) y se analizaron con el análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: emergieron 2 categorías: Utilizando diversas redes sociales en tiempos de pandemia; Considerándose capacitadas para la prevención del COVID-19 por redes sociales en su círculo familiar-social. Consideraciones finales: las estudiantes de enfermería realizan la prevención del COVID-19 en su círculo familiar-social mediante redes sociales, mostrando satisfacción en la transmisión de conocimientos, considerando la condición física-emocional de las personas y el estado sanitario local, percibiéndose como agentes de cambio, procurando el empoderamiento de las personas.

Genomic Epidemiology of NDM-1-Encoding Plasmids in Latin American Clinical Isolates Reveals Insights into the Evolution of Multidrug Resistance.

Bacteria that produce the broad-spectrum Carbapenem antibiotic New Delhi Metallo-ß-lactamase (NDM) place a burden on health care systems worldwide, due to the limited treatment options for infections caused by them and the rapid global spread of this antibiotic resistance mechanism. Although it is believed that the associated resistance gene blaNDM-1 originated in Acinetobacter spp., the role of Enterobacteriaceae in its dissemination remains unclear. In this study, we used whole genome sequencing to investigate the dissemination dynamics of blaNDM-1-positive plasmids in a set of 21 clinical NDM-1-positive isolates from Colombia and Mexico (Providencia rettgeri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Acinetobacter baumannii) as well as six representative NDM-1-positive Escherichia coli transconjugants. Additionally, the plasmids from three representative P. rettgeri isolates were sequenced by PacBio sequencing and finished. Our results demonstrate the presence of previously reported plasmids from K. pneumoniae and A. baumannii in different genetic backgrounds and geographically distant locations in Colombia. Three new previously unclassified plasmids were also identified in P. rettgeri from Colombia and Mexico, plus an interesting genetic link between NDM-1-positive P. rettgeri from distant geographic locations (Canada, Mexico, Colombia, and Israel) without any reported epidemiological links was discovered. Finally, we detected a relationship between plasmids present in P. rettgeri and plasmids from A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae. Overall, our findings suggest a Russian doll model for the dissemination of blaNDM-1 in Latin America, with P. rettgeri playing a central role in this process, and reveal new insights into the evolution and dissemination of plasmids carrying such antibiotic resistance genes.

Bienestar subjetivo y motivos para elegir una especialidad en enfermeras peruanas de programas de especialización / Subjective Well-Being and Motivation for Choosing any Specialties in Peruvian Nurses of Specialization Programs

Introducción: La elección de especialidades en enfermería surge a partir de motivaciones, las que se evidencian en el bienestar subjetivo o felicidad que sienten las enfermeras desde el momento que se encuentra estudiando su especialidad. Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre los motivos de elección de especialidades y el bienestar subjetivo en enfermeras de los programas de segunda especialización. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional y transversal, desarrollado en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Perú, en 2017. La población de estudio fue de 177 enfermeras ingresantes al Programa de Segunda Especialidad y la muestra se constituyó por 121 enfermeras, se calculó estadísticamente, con un muestreo estratificado. La técnica de recolección de datos fue la encuesta y el instrumento de medición un cuestionario de motivos de elección de especialidad y una escala para medir el bienestar subjetivo. Para la correlación de variables se empleó el coeficiente correlación de Spearman (p < 0.05, significancia estadística). Resultados: Los principales motivos que llevaron a las enfermeras elegir sus especialidades fueron: "Valor social de la especialidad elegida" (87,26 por ciento) y "Vocación e interés por la carrera" (66,53 por ciento). Respecto al bienestar subjetivo, 65,29 por ciento se consideraban felices, resaltando la dimensión realización personal (65,37 por ciento); además, hubo relación entre los motivos de elección de especialidad y el bienestar subjetivo en enfermeras (rho = 0,394; p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Las enfermeras del programa de segunda especialización tenían un bienestar subjetivo aceptable, incluidas en la categoría de felices, tal bienestar se relaciona con los motivos que los llevo elegir su especialidad, en este caso fueron más los motivos de orientación intrínseca(AU)

Introduction: Choosing any nursing specialties arises from motivations, which are evidenced according to the subjective well-being or happiness that nurses feel from the moment that they are studying their specialties. Objective: To identify the relationship between the reasons for choosing specialties and subjective well-being in nurses from second specialization programs. Methods: Descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional study carried out in 2017 at Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Peru. The study population was 177 nurses starting the second specialty program and the sample consisted of 121 nurses. The sample size was calculated statistically by stratified sampling. The data collection technique was the survey, while the measurement instrument was a questionnaire of reasons for choosing any specialties and a scale to measure subjective well-being. For the correlation of variables, the Spearman correlation coefficient (p < 0.05, statistical significance) was used. Results: The main reasons that led the nurses to choose their specialties were the social value of the chosen specialty (87.26 percent) and the vocation and interest in the major (66.53 percent). Regarding subjective well-being, 65.29 percent considered themselves happy, highlighting the dimension personal fulfillment (65.37 percent). Furthermore, there was a relationship between the reasons for choosing any specialties and subjective well-being in nurses (rho= 0.394; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The nurses of the second specialization program had an acceptable subjective well-being, included in the category happy. Such well-being is related to the reasons that led them to choose their specialties, in which case there were more intrinsic orientation reasons(AU)

Technosociality and health promotion in the daily lives of primary care users: a scoping review / Tecnosocialidad y promoción de la salud en la vida diaria de los usuarios de atención primaria: scoping review / Tecnossocialidade e promoção da saúde no quotidiano de usuários da atenção primária: scoping review

ABSTRACT Objective: to map available evidence on the use of technologies by Primary Health Care users in the context of health promotion. Method: this is a scoping review according to Joanna Briggs Institute, and the recommendations of the international guide Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews were followed. The PCC strategy (participants, concept and context) was used. The search in the databases was carried out from January to April 2020. Results: a total of 5,267 studies were retrieved and 28 articles were selected for review. The article origin was diverse, with the largest number being from the United States of America (7), the predominant language is English, the year was 2018 and the level of evidence 2. Studies show that users obtain benefits in health care through the use of technologies. Conclusion: health interventions, using technology, positively impact people's behavior and lifestyle, focusing on the prevention and control of chronic diseases. It is noteworthy that technologies used in isolation cannot overcome behavioral barriers and their use does not replace one-to-one care and monitoring.

RESUMEN Objetivo: mapear la evidencia disponible sobre el uso de tecnologías por los usuarios de la Atención Primária de Salud en el contexto de la promoción de la salud. Método: esta es una revisión de alcance según el Instituto Joanna Briggs, y se siguieron las recomendaciones de la guía internacional Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews y la extensión de metaanálisis para Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Se utilizó la estrategia PCC (participants, concept y context). La búsqueda en las bases de datos se realizó de enero a abril de 2020. Resultados: se recuperaron un total de 5.267 estudios y se seleccionaron 28 artículos para su revisión. El origen de los artículos fue diverso, con el mayor número de los Estados Unidos de América (7), el idioma predominante es el inglés, el año fue 2018 y el nivel de evidencia 2. Estudios muestran que los usuarios obtienen beneficios en la atención a la salud a través de el uso de tecnologías. Conclusión: las intervenciones en salud, utilizando tecnología, impactan positivamente en el comportamiento y estilos de vida de las personas, enfocándose en la prevención y control de enfermedades crónicas. Cabe señalar que las tecnologías utilizadas de forma aislada no pueden superar las barreras conductuales y su uso no reemplaza la atención y el seguimiento cara a cara.

RESUMO Objetivo: mapear a evidência disponível sobre o uso de tecnologias por usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde no contexto da promoção da saúde. Método: trata-se de um scoping review segundo Joanna Briggs Institute, e foram seguidas as recomendações do guia internacional Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Foi utilizada a estratégia PCC (participants, concept e context). A busca nas bases de dados foi realizada no período de janeiro a abril de 2020. Resultados: foram recuperados um total de 5.267 estudos e selecionados 28 artigos para a revisão. A origem dos artigos foi diversa, sendo dos Estados Unidos da América o maior número (7), o idioma predominante é o inglês, o ano foi o de 2018 e o nível de evidência 2. Os estudos evidenciam que os usuários obtêm benefícios no cuidado à saúde pelo uso das tecnologias. Conclusão: as intervenções em saúde, com uso de tecnologias, impactam positivamente comportamentos e estilos de vida das pessoas, focando na prevenção e controle de doenças crônicas. Ressalta-se que as tecnologias usadas de forma isolada não conseguem superar as barreiras comportamentais e seu uso não substitui o atendimento e acompanhamento presencial.

Circle dancing in the everyday life of the elderly person / Danza circular en la vida cotidiana del anciano / A dança circular no quotidiano da pessoa idosa

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the everyday life of the elderly person who practices circle dancing. Method: a interpretative qualitative research based on Comprehensive sociology and the daily life. Data collection occurred between September 2016 and March 2017 through in-depth interviews and participant observation. There was a total of 20 participants, with 17 of them practicing the dancing and three circle dance leaders in the Basic Health Units of a municipality in southern Brazil. Data analysis included preliminary analysis, ordering, key links, coding and categorization. Results: two thematic categories emerged: The daily life of the elderly person; Experiencing circle dancing in everyday life. The daily lives of the elderly are involved in domestic activities, family care, volunteer work, community groups and physical activities. The elderly expressed that circle dancing brought changes, made them more balanced, calm, cheerful, attentive, interactive, with pain relief and improved family and social relationships. Conclusion: circle dancing in the daily life of the elderly person causes emotional, physical, social and, mainly, family changes in their everyday way of living, making them more positive, loving and sensitive, healthier, it also contributes to health promotion and a better quality life.

RESUMÉN Objetivo: comprender la vida cotidiana del anciano que experimenta la Danza Circular. Método: investigación cualitativa, de tipo interpretativo, basada en la Sociología Integral y Cotidiana. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo entre septiembre de 2016 y marzo de 2017 a través de entrevistas en profundidad y observación participante. Los participantes de la investigación totalizaron 20 personas, 17 de las cuales eran practicantes de edad avanzada y tres enfocadas en Danza Circular sobre ruedas de Unidades Básicas de Salud en un municipio del sur de Brasil. El análisis de datos incluyó momentos de análisis preliminar, ordenamiento, enlaces clave, codificación y categorización. Resultados: se destacaron dos categorías temáticas: la vida cotidiana del anciano; Experimentar la Danza Circular en la vida cotidiana. La vida cotidiana de las personas mayores está involucrada en las actividades domésticas, el cuidado familiar, el voluntariado, los grupos sociales y las actividades físicas. Experimentando la Danza Circular, los ancianos expresaron que les trajo cambios, haciéndolos más equilibrados, tranquilos, alegres, atentos, interactivos, con alivio del dolor y mejora de sus relaciones familiares y sociales. Conclusión: la Danza Circular en la vida diaria de las personas mayores trae cambios emocionales, físicos, sociales y, principalmente, familiares en la forma en que viven su vida diaria, haciéndolos más positivos, cariñosos y sensibles, más saludables, contribuyendo a la promoción de la salud y una mejor calidad de vida.

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender o quotidiano da pessoa idosa que vivencia a Dança Circular. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, do tipo interpretativo, fundamentada na Sociologia Compreensiva e do Quotidiano. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro de 2016 e março de 2017 por meio de entrevistas em profundidade e observação participante. Os participantes da pesquisa totalizaram 20 pessoas, sendo 17 idosas praticantes e três focalizadoras de Dança Circular nas rodas das Unidades Básicas de Saúde de um município do sul do Brasil. A análise dos dados contemplou momentos de análise preliminar, ordenação, ligações-chave, codificação e categorização. Resultados: foram evidenciadas duas categorias temáticas: O quotidiano da pessoa idosa; Vivenciando a Dança Circular no quotidiano. O quotidiano das pessoas idosas é envolvido por atividades domésticas, cuidados à família, trabalho voluntário, grupos de convivência e atividades físicas. Vivenciando a Dança Circular, os idosos expressaram que esta trouxe mudanças, tornando-os mais equilibrados, tranquilos, alegres, atentos, interativos, com alívio das dores e melhora das suas relações familiares e sociais. Conclusão: a Dança Circular no quotidiano da pessoa idosa traz modificações emocionais, físicas, sociais e, principalmente, familiares na sua maneira de viver o dia a dia, tornando-o mais positivo, amoroso e sensível, mais saudável, contribuindo para a promoção da saúde e uma vida com melhor qualidade.

Vulnerabilidad e impacto social del desastre natural en el cotidiano de las familias peruanas

RESUMEN Introducción: El Perú muestra vulnerabilidad ante las variaciones climáticas drásticas, tales como episodios extremos de lluvia y altas temperaturas asociadas al fenómeno del "Niño Costero" que dejaron impactos sobre la salud de la población rural de Lima. Objetivo: Comprender la vivencia de la vulnerabilidad y del impacto social de los desastres naturales producidos por el fenómeno "El Niño Costero" en el cotidiano de las familias. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, interpretativo, en base al referencial teórico de la Sociología Comprensiva y del Cotidiano de Michel Maffesoli. La población estuvo constituida por 40 familias residentes en la comunidad "El Ayllu". La muestra fue de siete familias, se obtuvo por saturación. Los datos fueron recolectados entre los meses de abril y mayo del 2018 y la información fue obtenida por la observación participante y entrevistas, con una guía de observación y preguntas orientadoras. Se aplicó el análisis de contenido, de la que emergieron las categorías. Resultados: La comprensión de la vivencia de la vulnerabilidad e impacto social de los desastres naturales producidos por el "Fenómeno del Niño Costero", en el cotidiano de las familias, evidenció las categorías: Motivaciones familiares que influyen en el desplazamiento de las familias y Desesperación e impotencia durante el desastre. Conclusiones: La comprensión de la vulnerabilidad e impacto social del desastre natural producido por el Fenómeno del Niño Costero es percibida como una situación fatalista que provoca desesperación y angustia por haber vivido los más horribles desplazamientos de tierra y lodo. La incertidumbre y las perdidas produjeron una crisis que continúa en sus vidas, de la que deben salir adelante por su propio esfuerzo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Peru shows vulnerability due to drastic climatic variations such as extreme rain episodes and high temperatures associated with the "El Niño Costero" phenomenon, which left impacts on the health of the rural population of Lima. Objective: To understand the experience of vulnerability and the social impact of natural disasters produced by the "El Niño Costero" phenomenon in the daily lives of families. Methods: Qualitative and interpretive study based on the theoretical framework of Michel Maffesoli's comprehensive and quotidian sociology. The population consisted of forty families from the community of El Ayllu. The sample, obtained by saturation, consisted of seven families. The data were collected between the months of April and May 2018, while the information was obtained through participant observation and interviews, with an observation outline and guiding questions. Content analysis was applied, which permitted to obtain the categories. Results: Emerging categories, family motivations that influence displacement of families, and desperation during the disaster. Conclusions: Understanding the vulnerability and social impact of the natural disaster produced by the "El Niño Costero" phenomenon is perceived as a fatalistic situation that causes the population's desperation and anguish after experiencing the most horrible displacements of land and mud. Uncertainty and losses produced a prevailing crisis in their lives, from which they must come forward by their own efforts.

Efecto de la ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina en hemoglobina de niños anémicos / Effects of Infesting Cookies Fortified with Bovine Blood in the Hemoglobin of Anemic Children

Introducción: La anemia infantil es un problema de salud pública que afecta el desarrollo fisiológico e intelectual del niño. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina en los niveles de hemoglobina de niños anémicos. Métodos: Estudio cuasi experimental, con grupo experimental y control, en la zona rural del distrito de San Andrés de Tupicocha de Huarochiri de Lima, Perú, desde agosto hasta diciembre de 2018. La población fue de 46 niños de 3 a 5 años de edad, de la que participaron 32 (consentimiento de los padres), de ellos 15 niños tuvieron hemoglobina < 11 g/dl, quienes conformaron el grupo experimental; mientras que 17 niños con hemoglobina > 11 g/dl, conformaron el grupo control. Se utilizó la prueba estadística T de Student (p < 0,05). Resultados: En el grupo experimental, después de 12 semanas de ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina, se observó un incremento de hemoglobina en sangre de 10,4 g/dl a 11,6 g/dl (p < 0,001); mientras que el grupo control, también registró un incremento de 11,7 g/dl a 12,1 g/dl (p = 0,007). Al comparar el incremento de hemoglobina de ambos grupos, se observa que en el grupo control la hemoglobina solo ascendió en 0,5 g/dl, mientras que en el grupo experimental ascendió en 1,2 g/dl, siendo así el incremento mayor en el grupo experimental que consumió las galletas fortificadas (p = 0,003). Conclusión: La ingesta de galletas fortificadas con sangre bovina incrementó los niveles de hemoglobina en niños de una zona rural, reduciendo así los casos de anemia infantil(UA)

Introduction: Childhood anemia is a public health concern that affects the physiological and intellectual development of the child. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ingesting cookies fortified with bovine blood on the hemoglobin levels of anemic children. Methods: Quasiexperimental study carried out with experimental and control groups, in the rural area of San Andrés de Tupicocha de Huarochiri district of Lima, Peru, from August to December 2018. The study population consisted of 46 children aged 3-5 years, of which 32 participated under parental consent and 15 had hemoglobin lower than 11 g/dL. These made up the experimental group. On the other hand, 17 children had hemoglobin higher than 11 g/dL. These made up the control group. The Student's t-test was used (P< 0.05). Results: In the experimental group, 12 weeks after ingestion of cookies fortified with bovine blood, an increase in hemoglobin in the blood was observed, from 10.4 g/dL to 11.6 g/dL (P< 0.001); while the control group also registered an increase, from 11.7 g/dL to 12.1 g/dL (P=0.007). When comparing the increase in hemoglobin between both groups, it is observed that, in the control group, hemoglobin only rose by 0.5 g/dL, while, in the experimental group, it rose by 1.2 g/dL. Thus, the highest increase appeared in the experimental group that consumed the fortified cookies (P = 0.003). Conclusion: The ingestion of cookies fortified with bovine blood increased hemoglobin levels in children in a rural area, thus reducing the cases of childhood anemia(AU)