Serial Injections of Cryopreserved Fat at -196°C for Tissue Rejuvenation, Scar Treatment, and Volume Augmentation.

BACKGROUND: Fat grafting has become popular since the first report of structural fat grafting in 2001. Fat grafting is effective not only for volume augmentation but also for tissue revitalization. However, fat harvesting is necessary before fat grafting can be performed. Therefore, the performance of serial fat injections is very challenging when treating such patients. METHODS: From August 2015 to March 2017, we investigated 219 patients who underwent fat grafting using the fat that had already been cryopreserved at -196°C. RESULTS: Follow-up ranged from 3 months to 2 years. No complications occurred, and all outcomes were satisfactory. Three representative cases were also reviewed. CONCLUSIONS: The cryopreserved fat at -196°C could be served as a useful method for serial fat grafting for clinical use; however, further research involving longer follow-up and pathological findings are needed.

Our Experience with 131 Cases of Simultaneous Breast Implant Exhange with Fat (SIEF).

BACKGROUND: Breast augmentation with fat injection is a growing trend in Japan. Many Japanese patients experiencing breast implant complications are requesting to have their breast implants removed and simultaneously exchanged with autologous fat injection. The keys of our simultaneous implant exchange with fat (SIEF) process are to embrace the "Coleman technique" and to carefully detach implant capsules when removing breast implants. Furthermore, we carefully inject fat to avoid necrosis. METHODS: Between January 2010 and January 2015, we investigated consecutively 131 Japanese patients whom we could follow up for over 6 months postsurgery. We ascertained the usefulness of SIEF by assessing changes in breast size, complications, and a satisfaction survey. RESULTS: There were no serious complications. We had experienced mild complications in 9.2% of patients (12/131). Partial fat necrosis with inflammation occurred in 2.3% of patients (3/131), seroma in the capsule in 3.1% (4/131), complaints of nodules (cysts, lumps) in 3.1% (4/131), and 1 hematoma patient (0.8%). At 6 months after surgery (n = 131), breast cup size (by Japanese Industrial Standards) had decreased by less than 1 cup size, despite SIEF. At 6 months, we performed a postsurgery satisfaction survey, and only 4% of the patients (5/131) were not satisfied with their surgery results. CONCLUSIONS: SIEF is a very safe and effective procedure. Breast implants removed with a low invasive traumatic approach and centrifuged fat injected with the "Coleman technique" are important principles in our practice. Furthermore, avoiding fat necrosis is one of the most important considerations, and our SIEF approach allows us to better control this potential complication during the surgical process.

Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of formaldehyde based on its condensation with hydroxylamine and subsequent redox reaction with iron(III)-ferrozine complex.

A flow injection (FI) spectrophotometric method is proposed for the determination of low concentration of formaldehyde (HCHO) in liquid media. It is based on the condensation of HCHO with hydroxylamine sulfate, followed by the reduction reaction of iron(III)-ferrozine complex with the residual hydroxylamine to form a purple iron(II)-ferrozine complex (λ(max)=562 nm). In the first reaction, hydroxylamine decreases proportionally to the concentration of HCHO, and therefore the produced purple iron(II)-ferrozine complex decreases with increasing HCHO (a negative FI peak is obtained). The detection limit (S/N=3) was 1.6 µg L(-1). The method can be applied to the determination of HCHO in industrial wastewater.