Two Mixed-ligand Coordination Polymers: Crystal Structures and Protective Effect on Ischemic Stroke by Increasing glp1r Expression.

In this study, two new mixed-ligand coordination polymers {[Co(bbi)(tdc)]·5H2O}n (1, bbi = 1,4-bis(imidazolyl)butane) and {[Cu2(bimb)(H2O)(µ3-tdc)2(DMF)2]·H2O}n (2, bimb = 4-bis(1H-imidazol-1-yl-methyl)benzene) were synthesized under the solvothermal conditions via reaction of 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H2tdc) with the corresponding metal salts in the existence of different flexible bis-imidazole ligands (bbi for 1 and bimb for 2). The as-prepared two structures were detected via the single crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD) and then characterized via the analysis of element, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) as well as infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Furthermore, the protective activity of the compound on the mice with ischemic stroke was evaluated. Firstly, the real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain raction (RT-PCR) was carried out to determine the effect of compounds 1 and 2 against the relative expression level of the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptors (glp1r) on the cerebrovascular endothelial cells. Next, the Morris Water Maze Experiment was also used to detect the improvement function of compounds 1 and 2 on the nice mice cognitive function.

Aggregation of Vascular Risk Factors Modulates the Amplitude of Low-Frequency Fluctuation in Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients.

Background: Several vascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, body mass index, and smoking status are found to be associated with cognitive decline and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We aimed to investigate whether an aggregation of vascular risk factors modulates the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Forty-three MCI patients and twenty-nine healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional MRI scans, and spontaneous brain activity was measured by the ALFF technique. The vascular risk profile was represented with the Framingham Heart Study general cardiovascular disease (FHS-CVD) risk score, and each group was further divided into high and low risk subgroups. Two-way ANOVA was performed to explore the main effects of diagnosis and vascular risk and their interaction on ALFF. Results: The main effect of diagnosis on ALFF was found in left middle temporal gyrus (LMTG) and left superior parietal gyrus (LSPG), and the main effect of risk on ALFF was detected in left fusiform gyrus (LFFG), left precuneus (LPCUN), and left cerebellum posterior lobe (LCPL). Patients with MCI exhibited increased ALFF in the LMTG and LSPG than HCs, and participants with high vascular risk showed increased ALFF in the LFFG and LCPL, while decreased ALFF in the LPCUN. An interaction between diagnosis (MCI vs. HC) and FHS-CVD risk (high vs. low) regarding ALFF was observed in the left hippocampus (LHIP). HCs with high vascular risk showed significantly increased ALFF in the LHIP than those with low vascular risk, while MCI patients with high vascular risk showed decreased ALFF in the LHIP than HCs with high vascular risk. Interestingly, the mean ALFF of LHIP positively correlated with word recall test in HCs with high vascular risk (rho = 0.630, P = 0.016), while negatively correlated with the same test in MCI patients with high vascular risk (rho = -0.607, P = 0.001). Conclusions: This study provides preliminary evidence highlighting that the aggregation of vascular risk factors modulates the spontaneous brain activity in MCI patients, and this may serve as a potential imaging mechanism underlying vascular contribution to AD.