Progenitor radial cells and neurogenesis in pejerrey fish forebrain.

The central nervous system of adult teleost fish is peculiar because of the following features: (1) the persistence of radial glial cells, (2) an important neurogenic activity and (3) a high aromatase expression by radial cells. In this study, the proliferative zones of the forebrain were described using bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) treatment in the brain of the pejerrey, an Acanthopterygian teleost fish. These cells were shown to have morphological and immunoreactive characteristics of radial cells and to express aromatase. Three different progenitor populations were identified based on the mobility and proliferation capacity 6 weeks after BrdU treatment: transit amplifying progenitors, slowly proliferating stem cells, and cells remaining in the proliferative zones showing no signs of mitotic activity. The proliferative cells were always located in the ventricular zone and were never observed in the brain parenchyma; however, 3 weeks later they were found away from these proliferative zones and displayed acetylated tubulin immunoreactivity. Other BrdU-positive cells showed astrocyte morphology and were immunoreactive to the S100 glial marker. These results show that in this fish, radial cells are true progenitors generating neurons and possibly astrocytes.

Conocimientos sobre alimentación saludable y actividad física en docentes de un centro educativo / Knowledge on healthy food and physical activity in teachers of an educational center

La educación nutricional es fundamental para la promoción de la salud y los espacios apropiados para realizarla son los centros educativos. Para ello es necesario que los docentes como impartidores de información y ejemplo, tengan conocimientos acerca de alimentación y estilos de vida saludables. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el grado de conocimiento sobre alimentación y estilos de vida saludables de docentes de la Escuela Héroes Luqueños de Yuquyry, Luque. Estudio descriptivo, con aplicación de encuesta estructurada de 15 preguntas cerradas sobre alimentación y estilos de vida saludable a 13 docentes. El grado de conocimiento se clasificó en insuficiente cuando el porcentaje de respuestas correctas era <50%, básico mínimo (50-75%) y adecuado (>75%). Todos los docentes coincidieron sobre la importancia de consumir verduras crudas y cocidas, evitar bebidas azucaradas artificiales y realizar actividad física diaria de 30-60 minutos; 11 docentes refirieron que las frituras deben ser sustituidas; 10 que se debe realizar 4 a 5 comidas diarias y que 2 es la porción recomendada de lácteos. Las respuestas incorrectas fueron en la porción diaria de frutas (8/13), recomendación semanal de consumo de carne (9/13), uso de la sal (5/13) y el efecto del consumo de alcohol (5/13). El puntaje promedio de respuestas correctas fue de 76%. El 38% (n=5) tuvo conocimientos adecuados, 62% (n= 8) básicos mínimos, ninguno insuficiente. El grado de conocimiento sobre alimentación y estilos de vida saludables de los docentes es básico mínimo, evidenciando la necesidad de capacitación en el área de alimentación y nutrición.

Nutrition education is fundamental for the promotion of health and the educational centers are the appropriate spaces to carry it out. For this, it is necessary that teachers as information and example providers have knowledge about healthy eating and lifestyles. The objective of the study was to determine the level of knowledge about feeding and healthy lifestyles of teachers of the Héroes Luqueños School of Yuquyry, Luque. Descriptive study, with the application of a structured questionnaire of 15 multiple choice questions on nutrition and healthy lifestyles to 13 teachers. The level of knowledge was classified in insufficient if the percentage of correct answers was <50%, basic minimum (50-75%) and adequate (>75%). All teachers agreed in the importance to consume raw and cooked vegetables, avoid artificial sugary drinks and perform daily physical activity for 30 to 60 minutes; 11 teachers referred that fried foods should be replaced; 10 teachers answered that should be made 4 to 5 daily meals and two is the recommended portion of dairy products. Wrong answers were on daily portion of fruits (8/13), weekly recommendation of meat consumption (9/13), use of salt (5/13) and the effect of alcohol consumption (5/13). Average score was 76%. Adequate knowledge was observed in five teachers (38%), minimum basic knowledge in 8 (62%), insufficient knowledge in none. The degree of knowledge of teachers about healthy eating and lifestyles is basic minimum, evidencing the need for training in the area of food and nutrition.

Impacto de la estrategia de entrega de frutas con educación nutricional sobre el estado nutricional y consumo frutas en escolares de la Escuela pública héroes luqueños de la comunidad de Jukyry Luque, Paraguay / Impact of fruit delivery with nutritional education on nutritional status and fruit consumption in school children of the héroes luqueños public school of the community of Jukyry Luque, Paraguay

En Paraguay, más del 50% de la población adulta presenta sobrepeso y obesidad, lo cual a su vez es un detonante para la génesis de otras afecciones como la diabetes y las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Hacer hincapié en la prevención es importante para disminuir la incidencia de las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles. Es importante desarrollar intervenciones que incidan en la formación de hábitos alimentarios saludables en niños y adolescentes de manera a que contribuyan a la prevención de enfermedades. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la entrega de frutas con educación nutricional sobre el estado nutricional y consumo de frutas, además de evaluar la aceptabilidad de la intervención en adolescentes del séptimo grado de la Escuela Héroes Luqueños. Estudio cuasi-experimental en el que se realizó la evaluación de una intervención educativa que consistió en talleres sobre la importancia de consumir frutas para alumnos, docentes y padres con posterior entrega de frutas. Se realizó la evaluación pre y post intervención del estado nutricional y del conocimiento sobre consumo de frutas. Se hallaron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) entre antes y después de la intervención en el promedio de circunferencia de cintura de los adolescentes, no así los indicadores IMC y talla. La entrega de frutas tuvo gran aceptación entre los adolescentes que participaron del estudio, por lo que se recomienda seguir con este tipo de intervenciones(AU)

In Paraguay, more than 50% of the adult population is overweight and obese, which in turn it is a trigger for the genesis of other conditions such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Emphasis on prevention is important to reduce the incidence of non-communicable chronic diseases. It is important to perform interventions that affects the formation of healthy eating habits in children and adolescents in order to contribute in the prevention of diseases. The objective of the study was to evaluate the impact of the delivery of fruits with nutritional education on the nutritional status and fruit consumption, in addition to evaluating the acceptability of the intervention in adolescents of the seventh grade of the Héroes Luqueños School. Quasi-experimental study in which the evaluation of an educational intervention was carried out, which consisted of workshops on the importance of consuming fruits for students, teachers and parents with subsequent fruit delivery. The pre and post intervention evaluation of nutritional status and knowledge about fruit consumption was carried out. Significant difference (p<0.05) between pre and post intervention in the average waist circumference of the adolescents were found, but not in the BMI and height indicators. Fruit delivery was widely accepted among the adolescents who participated in the study, therefore it is recommended to continue with this type of intervention(AU)