RESUMO
PURPOSE: The impact of progesterone receptor (PR) status on the prognosis of breast cancer after isolated locoregional recurrence (ILRR) remains unclear. This study evaluated the impact of clinicopathologic factors, including PR status of ILRR, on distant metastasis (DM) after ILRR. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 306 patients with ILRR diagnosed at the National Cancer Center Hospital between 1993 and 2021 from the database. Cox proportional hazards analysis was performed to examine factors associated with DM after ILRR. We developed a risk prediction model based on the number of detected risk factors and estimated survival curves using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: During a median follow-up time of 4.7 years after ILRR diagnosis, 86 patients developed DM, and 50 died. Multivariate analysis revealed that seven risk factors were associated with poor distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS): estrogen receptor-positive/PR-negative/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative ILRR, short disease-free interval, recurrence site other than ipsilateral breast, no-resection of ILRR tumor, chemotherapy for the primary tumor, nodal stage in the primary tumor, and no endocrine therapy for ILRR. The predictive model classified patients into 4 groups based on the number of risk factors: low-, intermediate-, high-, and the highest-risk groups with 0 to 1, 2, 3 to 4, and 5 to 7 factors, respectively. This revealed significant variation in DMFS among the groups. A higher number of the risk factors was associated with poorer DMFS. CONCLUSION: Our prediction model, which considered the ILRR receptor status, may contribute to the development of a treatment strategy for ILRR.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Prognóstico , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There are currently no scoring-type predictive models using only easily available pre- and intraoperative data developed for assessment of the risk of advanced axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) in patients with breast cancer with metastatic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs). We aimed to develop and validate a scoring system using only pre- and intraoperative data to distinguish between non-advanced (≤ 3 lymph nodes) and advanced (> 3 lymph nodes) ALNM in patients with breast cancer with metastatic SLNs. METHODS: We retrospectively identified 804 patients with breast cancer (cT1-3cN0) who had metastatic SLNs and had undergone axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). We evaluated the risk factors for advanced ALNM using logistic regression analysis and developed and validated a scoring system for the prediction of ALNM using training (n = 501) and validation (n = 303) cohorts, respectively. The predictive performance was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, area under the curve (AUC), and calibration plots. RESULTS: Ultrasound findings of multiple suspicious lymph nodes, SLN macrometastasis, the ratio of metastatic SLNs to the total number of SLNs removed, and the number of metastatic SLNs were significant risk factors for advanced ALNM. Clinical tumor size and invasive lobular carcinoma were of borderline significance. The scoring system based on these six variables yielded high AUCs (0.90 [training] and 0.89 [validation]). The calibration plots of frequency compared to the predicted probability showed slopes of 1.00 (training) and 0.85 (validation), with goodness-of-fit for the model. When the cutoff score was set at 4, the negative predictive values (NPVs) of excluding patients with advanced ALNM were 96.8% (training) and 96.9% (validation). The AUC for predicting advanced ALNM using our scoring system was significantly higher than that predicted by a single independent predictor, such as the number of positive SLNs or the proportion of positive SLNs. Similarly, our scoring system also showed good discrimination and calibration ability when the analysis was restricted to patients with one or two SLN metastases. CONCLUSION: Our easy-to-use scoring system can exclude advanced ALNM with high NPVs. It may contribute to reducing the risk of undertreatment with adjuvant therapies in patients with metastatic SLNs, even if ALND is omitted.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Segunda Neoplasia Primária , Linfonodo Sentinela , Axila/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo , Linfonodos/diagnóstico por imagem , Linfonodos/patologia , Linfonodos/cirurgia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Segunda Neoplasia Primária/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Linfonodo Sentinela/patologia , Linfonodo Sentinela/cirurgia , Biópsia de Linfonodo SentinelaRESUMO
A 54-year-old man underwent laparoscopic distal gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection and ante-colic Roux-en-Y reconstruction for gastric cancer. The histopathological diagnosis was pT2N3aM0, pStage â ¢A, HER2 negative. After 8 courses of S-1 plus oxaliplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy, he was diagnosed as peritoneal dissemination and treated with ramucirumab(RAM)plus paclitaxel(PTX). On the 12th day of course 10, he visited to our hospital with abdominal pain. CT showed free air and massive ascites. Emergent surgery was performed under the diagnosis of gastrointestinal perforation. A small intestinal perforation in front of the jejunal limb near gastric-jejunal anastomosis was identified and there was no peritoneal dissemination. We performed partial resection of remnant stomach and jejunal limb by linear stapler and reconstruction by end to side gastric-jejunal anastomosis. Because the gastric and intestinal wall were quite fragile and RAM impaired wound healing as adverse event, we feared about leakage, but he had no major postoperative complications and discharged on the 33th day after surgery. After 24 courses of nivolumab as third-line chemotherapy, the peritoneal dissemination disappeared. He has been alive without recurrence for about 1 year since then.
Assuntos
Perfuração Intestinal , Neoplasias Gástricas , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Gastrectomia , Humanos , Perfuração Intestinal/induzido quimicamente , Perfuração Intestinal/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Gástricas/cirurgia , RamucirumabRESUMO
A 63-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced sigmoid cancer of pT3, pN0, sM1c, sP3, fStage â £ post-operation. After CAPOX plus Bmab as the first-line chemotherapy, he underwent IRIS plus Bmab as the second-line chemotherapy. After 1 course of IRIS plus Bmab, he was admitted to the hospital for fever, dyspnea, and general fatigue. The white blood cell count was 6.2×10 3/mL, and the C-reactive protein was elevated to 12.9 mg/dL. The PaO2 of the artery blood gas analysis in room air was 46.3 mmHg, suggesting respiratory failure. He was diagnosed with PCP based on the bilateral diffused ground-glass opacities on chest CT along with an elevated serum b-D-glucan. The treatment of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and steroid was then initiated. After the patient's clinical condition improved, he was discharged on day 27 post-admission.
Assuntos
Pneumonia por Pneumocystis , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/complicações , Insuficiência Respiratória , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/complicações , Neoplasias do Colo Sigmoide/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The patient was a 57-year-old woman with Castleman's disease. The follow-up CT scans obtained during the treatment of Castleman's disease, detected a 15mm nodule in the right breast AC area, and the patient was diagnosed with breast cancer. Lymphadenopathy was noted on both sides of the axilla; however, it was considered to be due to Catsleman's disease. Mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy were performed with preoperative diagnosis of cT1cN0M0, cStage â . Rapid diagnosis of the sentinel lymph node during the operation showed a metastatic tumor measuring 3mm and axillary dissection was performed. However, no metastasis was found in the dissected lymph node, which was, therefore, considered as an enlargement due to Castleman's disease.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Hiperplasia do Linfonodo Gigante , Axila , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Hiperplasia do Linfonodo Gigante/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Excisão de Linfonodo , Linfonodos , Mastectomia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Biópsia de Linfonodo SentinelaRESUMO
A 66-year-old man was postoperatively diagnosed with pT4a, pN2, cM1a(H2), cP0, fStage â £, RAS wild type rectal cancer. He underwent SOX plus Bmab chemotherapy 4 weeks later. After 9 courses of SOX plus Bmab, he was admitted to the hospital for leg edema and proteinuria(4+). Because of severe proteinuria(14.7 g/day)and low protein(Alb 2.0 g/dL, TP 4.9 g/dL), he was diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. His general condition improved on stopping chemotherapy and administration of conservative treatment, and he was discharged on day 20 after admission. The proteinuria improved 3 months later. He had been undergoing SOX chemotherapy for 4 months.
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Neoplasias Hepáticas , Síndrome Nefrótica , Neoplasias Retais , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Masculino , Síndrome Nefrótica/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Retais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Retais/patologiaRESUMO
Next-generation sequencing experiments have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are expressed in many different isoforms (isomiRs), whose biological relevance is often unclear. We found that mature miR-21, the most widely researched miRNA because of its importance in human disease, is produced in two prevalent isomiR forms that differ by 1 nt at their 3' end, and moreover that the 3' end of miR-21 is posttranscriptionally adenylated by the noncanonical poly(A) polymerase PAPD5. PAPD5 knockdown caused an increase in the miR-21 expression level, suggesting that PAPD5-mediated adenylation of miR-21 leads to its degradation. Exoribonuclease knockdown experiments followed by small-RNA sequencing suggested that PARN degrades miR-21 in the 3'-to-5' direction. In accordance with this model, microarray expression profiling demonstrated that PAPD5 knockdown results in a down-regulation of miR-21 target mRNAs. We found that disruption of the miR-21 adenylation and degradation pathway is a general feature in tumors across a wide range of tissues, as evidenced by data from The Cancer Genome Atlas, as well as in the noncancerous proliferative disease psoriasis. We conclude that PAPD5 and PARN mediate degradation of oncogenic miRNA miR-21 through a tailing and trimming process, and that this pathway is disrupted in cancer and other proliferative diseases.
Assuntos
Adenina/metabolismo , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Neoplasias/genética , RNA Nucleotidiltransferases/metabolismo , Estabilidade de RNA , Sequência de Bases , Citosina/metabolismo , Exorribonucleases/metabolismo , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Técnicas de Silenciamento de Genes , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , MicroRNAs/química , MicroRNAs/genética , Modelos Biológicos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Neoplasias/patologia , Conformação de Ácido Nucleico , Isoformas de Proteínas/química , Isoformas de Proteínas/genética , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Ribonuclease III/metabolismoRESUMO
We report a rare case of pleomorphic carcinoma of the breast, suspected of being a granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)producing tumor, in a 75-year-old woman. She presented with a red and swollen breast, 3 weeks after undergoing core needle biopsy(CNB). Her leukocyte counts and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels were markedly high. At first, she was suspected to have an abscess and was initiated on a course of antibiotics. However, her condition rapidly deteriorated; therefore, she underwent an emergency mastectomy. Despite undergoing postoperative radiation therapy, 2 months after the operation, multiple metastatic foci were found in the lungs and liver, and she died of the disease 3 months after her first visit. After the operation, her leukocyte count had quickly returned to normal, but it increased as the disease progressed. These findings support the conclusion that this carcinoma was producing G-CSF. The final pathological diagnosis was G-CSF producing pleomorphic carcinoma of the breast.
Assuntos
Adenoma Pleomorfo/metabolismo , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/biossíntese , Neoplasias Inflamatórias Mamárias/metabolismo , Neoplasias Inflamatórias Mamárias/patologia , Idoso , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Inflamatórias Mamárias/diagnósticoRESUMO
Accumulation of visceral fat increases cardiovascular mortality in industrialized societies. However, during the evolution of the modern human, visceral fat may have acted as energy storage facility to survive in times of famine. Therefore, past natural selection might contribute to shaping the variation of visceral fat accumulation in present populations. Here, we report that the gene encoding tribbles homolog 2 (TRIB2) influenced visceral fat accumulation and was operated by recent positive natural selection in East Asians. Our candidate gene association analysis on 11 metabolic traits of 5,810 East Asians revealed that rs1057001, a T/A transversion polymorphism in 3'untranslated region (UTR) of TRIB2, was strongly associated with visceral fat area (VFA) and waist circumference adjusted for body mass index (P = 2.7 × 10(-6) and P = 9.0 × 10(-6), respectively). rs1057001 was in absolute linkage disequilibrium with a conserved insertion-deletion polymorphism in the 3'UTR and was associated with allelic imbalance of TRIB2 transcript levels in adipose tissues. rs1057001 showed high degree of interpopulation variation of the allele frequency; the low-VFA-associated A allele was found with high frequencies in East Asians. Haplotypes containing the rs1057001 A allele exhibited a signature of a selective sweep, which may have occurred 16,546-27,827 years ago in East Asians. Given the predominance of the thrifty gene hypothesis, it is surprising that the apparently non-thrifty allele was selectively favored in the evolution of modern humans. Environmental/physiological factors other than famine would be needed to explain the non-neutral evolution of TRIB2 in East Asians.
Assuntos
Povo Asiático/genética , Gordura Intra-Abdominal/metabolismo , Peptídeos e Proteínas de Sinalização Intracelular/genética , Seleção Genética , Alelos , Desequilíbrio Alélico , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de Cálcio-Calmodulina , Evolução Molecular , Ásia Oriental , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Frequência do Gene , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Humanos , Obesidade Abdominal/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
Adjuvant therapy for patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive, early breast cancer (EBC) remains challenging. The prognostic significance of HER2-low positivity in these patients is not fully understood. In our retrospective study, we analyzed 647 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive EBC, stratifying them into three cohorts based on axillary lymph node involvement, tumor size, and characteristics. Cohort 1 included patients with either ≥ 4 positive axillary lymph nodes or 1-3 positive nodes with histological grade 3 or tumor size ≥ 5 cm. Cohort 2 consisted of patients with 1-3 positive nodes, histological grade < 3, tumor size < 5 cm, and Ki-67 ≥ 20%. Cohort 3 comprised patients with 1-3 positive nodes, histological grade < 3, tumor size < 5 cm, and Ki-67 < 20%. We compared invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) between HER2-low (IHC1+ or IHC2+/FISH-) and HER2-zero (IHC0) groups in each cohort. In cohort 1, HER2-low patients exhibited significantly better 5-year IDFS (84.2% vs. 73.6%, p = 0.0213) and DRFS (88.2% vs. 79.8%, p = 0.0154). However, no significant differences were observed in cohorts 2 and 3. Our findings suggest HER2-low positivity as a prognostic factor in HR-positive, HER2-negative, and node-positive EBC.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Prognóstico , Antígeno Ki-67 , Estudos Retrospectivos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Histological grade (HG) has been used in the MonrachE trial to select patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative, node-positive high-risk early breast cancer (EBC). Although nuclear grade (NG) is widely used in Japan, it is still unclear whether replacing HG with NG can appropriately select high-risk patients. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 647 patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive EBC and classified them into the following four groups: group 1: ≥ 4 positive axillary lymph nodes (pALNs) or 1-3 pALNs and either grade 3 of both grading systems or tumors ≥ 5 cm; group 2: 1-3 pALNs, grade < 3, tumor < 5 cm, and Ki-67 ≥ 20%; group 3: 1-3 pALNs, grade < 3, tumor < 5 cm, and Ki-67 < 20%; and group 4: group 2 or 3 by HG classification but group 1 by NG classification. We compared invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) and distant relapse-free survival (DRFS) among the four groups using the Kaplan-Meier method with the log-rank test. RESULTS: Group 1 had a significantly worse 5-year IDFS and DRFS than groups 2 and 3 (IDFS 80.8% vs. 89.5%, P = 0.0319, 80.8% vs. 95.5%, P = 0.002; DRFS 85.2% vs. 95.3%, P = 0.0025, 85.2% vs. 98.4%, P < 0.001, respectively). Group 4 also had a significantly worse 5-year IDFS (78.0%) and DRFS (83.6%) than groups 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS: NG was useful for stratifying the risk of recurrence in patients with HR-positive, HER2-negative, node-positive EBC and was the appropriate risk assessment for patient groups not considered high-risk by HG classification.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Humanos , Feminino , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Intervalo Livre de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD) has been shown to occur after treatment with methotrexate (MTX). Currently, MTX-LPD has become widely recognized, but its mechanism and prognostic factors remain unclear. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the first case of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated MTX-LPD of the breast. A 63-year-old Asian woman with long-term rheumatoid arthritis presented to our facility with intermittent fever. A physical examination revealed a 3-cm lump in her left breast. She had been taking MTX for the past 15 years. Laboratory studies revealed slightly elevated levels of EBV-viral capsid antigen antibody immunoglobulin G and EBV nuclear antibody. Contrast-enhanced computer tomography revealed a mass in the left breast, a subcutaneous nodule in the abdomen, a mass in the left lung, and a nodule in the left retroperitoneum. The definitive diagnosis was consistent with MTX-LPD merging into an EBV-positive, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Six months following the withdrawal of MTX, the breast mass had markedly shrunk and the patient remained in good health for 1 year with no evidence of relapse of LPD. CONCLUSION: MTX-LPD rarely occurs in the breast, and it is difficult to diagnose because there have only been six reported cases of breast MTX-LPD reported in the literature. EBV-positive MTX-LPD tends to regress spontaneously after MTX withdrawal, and our case also had similar results. It is important to make an appropriate diagnosis of MTX-LPD of the breast based on imaging and pathology to determine the appropriate treatment protocol for this rare disorder.
Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos , Artrite Reumatoide/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/complicações , Infecções por Vírus Epstein-Barr/diagnóstico , Feminino , Herpesvirus Humano 4 , Humanos , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Linfoproliferativos/tratamento farmacológico , Metotrexato/efeitos adversos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de NeoplasiaRESUMO
Bone marrow carcinomatosis (BMC) associated with breast cancer is a rare but often difficult-to-treat condition; we report a case of a female stage IV breast cancer patient in her seventies with BMC that improved with endocrine monotherapy. The patient had hemoglobinopenia and thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis. The diagnosis of BMC due to estrogen receptor-positive invasive lobular carcinoma was confirmed. After transfusion of 4 units of concentrated red blood cells, endocrine treatment with letrozole improved the hematopenia. Ten months after the treatment started, bone metastases worsened, so the patient was changed to combination therapy with palbociclib and fulvestrant, after which there was no worsening of the disease.
RESUMO
MLXIPL is a transcription factor integral to the regulation of glycolysis and lipogenesis in the liver. Common variants of the MLXIPL gene (MLXIPL) are known to influence plasma triglyceride levels in people of European descent. As MLXIPL has a key role in energy storage, genetic variations of the MLXIPL may be relevant to physiological adaptations to nutritional stresses that have occurred during the evolution of modern humans. In the present study, we assessed the phenotypic consequences of the Q241H variant of MLXIPL in populations of Asian and Oceanian origin and also surveyed the prevalence of Q241H variant in populations worldwide. Multiple linear regression models based on 2373 individuals of Asian origin showed that the H allele was significantly associated with decreased concentrations of plasma triglycerides (P=0.0003). Direct genotyping of 1455 individuals from Africa, Asia and Oceania showed that the triglyceride-lowering H allele was found at quite low frequencies (0.00-0.16) in most of the populations examined. The exceptions were some Central Asian populations, including Mongolians, Tibetans and Uyghurs, which exhibited much higher frequencies of the H allele (0.21-0.26). The high prevalence of the H allele in Central Asia implies that the Q241H variant of MLXIPL might have been significant for utilization of carbohydrates and fats in the common ancestors of these populations, who successfully adapted to the environment of Central Asia by relying on nomadic livestock herding.
Assuntos
Fatores de Transcrição de Zíper de Leucina e Hélice-Alça-Hélix Básicos/genética , Hipertrigliceridemia/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Alelos , Ásia Central/epidemiologia , Povo Asiático/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Humanos , Hipertrigliceridemia/epidemiologia , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Breast cancer metastasizes mainly to organs such as bone, lung, and liver, whereas metastases to the peritoneum and urinary tract are rare. Metastasis to the peritoneum or urinary tract may result in renal dysfunction, infection, and painful hydronephrosis. In our hospital, 1,409 breast cancer surgeries were performed between January 2004 and December 2015, and 7 cases of hydronephrosis associated with recurrence were observed. The median age of patients was 69 years (57-79 years). The median time from surgery to diagnosis of hydronephrosis was 47 months (20-70 months). Histology was invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) in 6 cases and invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) in 1 case. There were 6 bilateral cases and 1 unilateral case of hydronephrosis. The causes were retroperitoneal metastasis in 5 cases and lymph node metastasis in 2 cases. The hydronephrosis was untreated in 2 cases, and treated with a ureteral stent in 2 cases, nephrostomy in 1 case, and nephrostomy due to ureteral stent failure in 2 cases. The median survival from the onset of hydronephrosis was 12 months (3-57 months). Although the probability of hydronephrosis in breast cancer recurrence was not high, care must be taken to avoid renal dysfunction, infection, or pain, which may require treatment.
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BACKGROUND: Indocyanine green angiography enables real-time visualization of blood vessels at depths of up to 10 mm beneath the body surface, thereby aiding the evaluation of the viability of skin flaps and predicting necrosis in surgical fields requiring good tissue perfusion. Although skin-flap necrosis also occurs in mastectomy without reconstruction, most studies have focused on reconstructive plastic surgery. Several patients undergoing mastectomy are eligible for postoperative adjuvant therapy, but complications can lead to delays in treatment and thus require prevention. However, a lack of a standard protocol for evaluating skin-flap perfusion using indocyanine green necessitates the study of its characteristics to facilitate comparison of the perfusion rate among individuals. METHODS: This retrospective study focused on the characteristics of indocyanine green and established a protocol for indocyanine green angiography using laser-assisted imaging (SPY system) to predict postoperative skin-flap necrosis from intraoperative images of 30 patients who underwent mastectomy without reconstruction. RESULTS: Our protocol predicted postoperative skin-flap necrosis as follows. First, the intravenous dose and concentration were set at 2.5 mg/mL and 0.05 mg/kg, respectively. Second, the timing of measurement was set to 100 s after the entry of indocyanine green into the skin (plateau phase); the analysis pattern was set to single frame. Third, comparisons among individuals were made using relative values. CONCLUSIONS: We analyzed the area of postoperative flap necrosis using this protocol. We found that the intraoperative images showed decreased perfusion in that area, which was useful in predicting skin-flap necrosis, as reported by previous breast reconstruction studies.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Fotoquimioterapia , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Mama/cirurgia , Corantes , Feminino , Humanos , Verde de Indocianina , Mastectomia , Perfusão , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) showed that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in FADS1/FADS2 were associated with plasma lipid concentrations in populations with European ancestry. We investigated the associations between the SNPs in FADS1/FADS2 and plasma concentrations of triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in two Asian groups, i.e., Japanese and Mongolians. The genotype of rs174547 (T/C), found to be associated with triglyceride and HDL-C concentrations in the GWAS, was determined in 21,004 Japanese and 1,203 Mongolian individuals. Genotype-phenotype association was assessed by using multiple linear regression models, assuming an additive model of inheritance. The copy number of the rs174547 C allele was significantly associated with increased triglyceride levels (P = 1.5 x 10(-6)) and decreased HDL-C levels (P = 0.03) in the Japanese population. On the other hand, in the Mongolian population, the rs174547 C allele copy number was strongly associated with decreased LDL-C levels (P = 2.6 x 10(-6)), but was not associated with triglyceride and HDL-C levels. The linkage disequilibrium pattern and haplotype structures of SNPs around the FADS1/FADS2 locus showed no marked dissimilarity between Japanese and Mongolian individuals. The present data indicate that the FADS1/FADS2 locus can be added to the growing list of loci involved in polygenic dyslipidemia in Asians. Furthermore, the variable effects of FADS1/FADS2 on plasma lipid profiles in Asians may result from differences in the dietary intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which serve as substrates for enzymes encoded by FADS1/FADS2.
Assuntos
Etnicidade/genética , Ácidos Graxos Dessaturases/genética , Lipídeos/sangue , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Povo Asiático/genética , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Dessaturase de Ácido Graxo Delta-5 , Estudos de Associação Genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Genótipo , Haplótipos , Humanos , Estilo de Vida , Desequilíbrio de Ligação , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
Preoperatively diagnosed ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is sometimes upstaged to invasive cancer by postoperative pathological examination. Various preoperative factors associated with upstaging to invasive cancer have been reported; however, this subject remains to be clarified. DCIS takes various forms on imaging, but many cases show non-mass-type lesions. In non-mass-type DCIS, recognizing the presence of invasion is difficult. To investigate predictors associated with upstaging to invasive cancer more precisely, we examined only non-mass-type DCIS. The present study retrospectively analyzed 101 patients diagnosed with non-mass-type DCIS preoperatively on breast biopsy at our institution between 2007 and 2017. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact probability test and two-sample t-tests. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. The results showed that 27 patients (27%) were finally diagnosed with invasive cancer. Univariate analysis revealed abnormal result of palpation on breast examination (P=0.05), comedo necrosis (P=0.05), and HER2 status (P=0.02) as significant predictors. Multivariate analysis revealed an abnormal result of palpation as an independent predictor of invasive cancer underestimation (odds ratio 4.76; confidence interval 1.44-15.7; P=0.01). In conclusion, preoperatively diagnosed non-mass-type DCIS represented an underestimation in approximately 27% of cases. In particular, the presence of a clinically abnormal palpation increases the chance of upstaging to invasive cancer.
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Ion incorporation into the tooth is expected to be effective for caries prevention. Time-dependent ion incorporation released from surface pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate into tooth enamel was estimated by using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Al, B, and Sr contents in enamel were increased in a time-dependent manner with immersion in S-PRG eluate. Clear ion incorporation was observed after 1 h of immersion in S-PRG filler eluate. Sr showed remarkable incorporation in enamel -up to 7,900 ppm- after 28 days of immersion. Sr and B incorporation rapidly occurred in S-PRG filler eluate, compared with their single component solutions. Simultaneous incorporation of cations and anions from S-PRG eluate occurred under balanced charge and may assist in rapid ion incorporation. Thus, various useful ions could be effectively incorporated into tooth enamel by applying S-PRG filler or its eluate; a bioactive effect can be expected.
Assuntos
Cárie Dentária , Esmalte Dentário , Cimentos de Ionômeros de Vidro , Humanos , ÍonsRESUMO
HLA-B*51:01:01:36 differs from HLA-B*51:01:01:01 by one nucleotide difference at position -230(G>T) with no amino acid change.