Empathy in the nurse-patient relationship in geriatric care: An integrative review.

INTRODUCTION: Empathy is a complex human experience that involves the subjective intersection of different individuals. In the context of nursing care in the geriatric setting, the benefits of empathetic relationships are directly related to the quality of the practice of nursing. OBJECTIVE: Analyze scientific production on the benefits of empathy in the nurse-patient relationship in the geriatric care setting. METHODS: An integrative review of the literature was performed using the PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases. The articles retrieved were organized, evaluated, and classified based on the level of scientific evidence. RESULTS: Relationships of empathy between nurses and older people were analyzed in quasi-experimental studies using different assessment tools, the majority of which had moderate levels of validity and reliability. Studies with a qualitative approach discussed the meaning of empathy in terms of the quality of care offered, compassion, and vulnerability. DISCUSSION: Levels of empathy increase when activities are developed with the aim of teaching, sensitization, and training for relational care between nursing staff and older people. The analysis of empathetic relationships is important to the evaluation of the quality of care provided to older people. CONCLUSION: Empathy in the nurse-patient relationship in the geriatric care setting is an important ethical aspect that contributes to the quality of the practice of nursing. The present findings indicate the need for more robust assessment tools with adequate psychometric properties and the descriptive analysis of empathy.

Association of social and clinical conditions to the quality of life of patients with heart failure. / Associação das condições sociais e clínicas à qualidade de vida de pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and clinical conditions with the quality of life related to health of heart failure patients. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a non-random sample of 84 outpatients with heart failure, performed in the city of João Pessoa, PB, Brazil, in the period from January to July 2015. The questionnaire by name Minnesota Living with Heart Questionnaire was used The following tests were applied in data analysis: t-Student, ANOVA and Pearson's Correlation, com a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The average scores of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire showed a good quality of life in the group under study. There was a significant negative association between quality of life and age: thus the lower the age, the worse the quality of life. CONCLUSION: Health promotion actions become necessary to improve the coping capacity of this disease, especially for younger patients.

Nursing terminology for the care of people with respiratory diseases and Covid-19.

OBJECTIVES: To build a specialized nursing terminology for the care of people with respiratory diseases and Covid-19 or who have respiratory diseases after Covid-19, based on ICNP®. METHOD: Methodological study developed in two stages: (1) identification of the relevant concepts for the health priority chosen from the literature; (2) cross-mapping of the identified concepts with the concepts contained in ICNP® version 2019/2020. RESULTS: 9460 terms were extracted from the literature, of which 4065 terms were excluded because they were not related to the object of study and 5395 were submitted to the mapping technique, resulting in 290 constant terms in the ICNP® and 5134 non-constant terms. The constant terms were classified into the following axes: 120 in the Focus axis, 13 in Judgment, 48 in Action, 23 in Location, 38 in Means, eight in Time and one in Client. In addition, 36 nursing diagnoses/outcomes and three nursing interventions were mapped. CONCLUSION: The terminology will support the quality of care provided by the nursing team and the manual and electronic recording of patient data.

Validity of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes in the face of COVID-19.

OBJECTIVES: to validate the content and appearance of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes mellitus in the face of COVID-19. METHODS: a methodological study, carried out in a virtual environment with experts who had practical and scientific experience in diabetes mellitus, from November 2021 to February 2022. Data were analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio. RESULTS: twenty-seven experts from different states of Brazil and with different academic backgrounds participated in the study. In content validity, reviews were suggested in items in relation to objectives and structure, in appearance validity, adjustments in layout were suggested. CONCLUSIONS: the results showed that the booklet achieved adequate content and appearance validity rates. Therefore, when adapting to experts' suggestions, it becomes an accurate tool.

Pressure injury prevention in older people: construction and validation of an instrument for caregivers.

OBJECTIVES: to construct and validate an instrument to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to pressure injury prevention among caregivers of institutionalized older people. METHODS: this is a three-stage methodological study that consisted of instrument construction, analysis by experts, and semantic and appearance analysis, with 78 participants, observing the validation process steps for psychometric instruments in the criteria of clarity and relevance. RESULTS: in the Delphi I round, the validity index of the general content in the clarity criterion was 0.66, in relevance 0.85, and the Kappa value was >0.76. In Delphi II, clarity was 0.95, relevance 1.00, and the Kappa value was >0.97. CONCLUSIONS: this is a valid instrument in terms of content and appearance, which allows further analysis of its reliability for the measurement of the constructs for which it is intended. Therefore, it can be considered a tool for care management in pressure injury prevention.

Self-care of elderly people with diabetes mellitus and the nurse-patient interpersonal relationship.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the self-care activities of elderly people with diabetes mellitus and its correlation with the nurse-patient interpersonal relationship. METHODS: Cross-sectional quantitative study, with 144 elderly people followed up in Family Health Units, with data collected by the Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire and Interpersonal Relationship Questionnaire in Nursing Care, being analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. RESULTS: There was a greater accomplishment of the activities Take insulin injections as recommended (6.74), Take diabetes medications as recommended (6.55) and Take the indicated number of diabetes pills (6.52). The interpersonal relationship showed moderate effectiveness (80.6%). The correlation between self-care with diabetes and interpersonal relationships showed a positive and significant value in the dimension Specific feeding. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness of the interpersonal relationship in nursing care resulted in greater compliance with activities related to specific food.

Validation of an instrument for systematizing nursing care in pediatrics.

OBJECTIVE: to verify the validity of indicators' content referring to the instrument for data collection in children aged 0 to 5 years hospitalized in a pediatric clinic. METHOD: a cross-sectional methodological study was carried out with 11 experts between January and May 2018. For data collection, the steps for validating the instrument's content were respected. For data analysis, Content Validity Index and Kappa agreement analysis were used. RESULTS: after content analysis, a Content Validity Index of 0.94 and Kappa 0.71 was issued according to the experts' suggestions 81.9%. Therefore, the instrument was suitable for applicability. CONCLUSION: the instrument proved to be valid in terms of content for pediatric care, contributing significantly to improving care for hospitalized children aged 0 to 5 years.

Clinical validation of nursing diagnosis Fragile Elderly Syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: to clinically validate the nursing diagnosis of NANDA-I Frail Elderly Syndrome in hospitalized elderly. METHOD: a methodological study, guided by the STROBE instrument, composed of 40 elderly people admitted to a teaching hospital in Paraíba, Brazil. The last phase of Hoskins' Nursing Diagnostic Validation Model: clinical validation was adopted. Data collection took place from August to December 2018. The data were analyzed using univariate descriptive statistics. It was approved by the hospital's ethics and research committee. RESULTS: nine defining characteristics were validated; seven risk factors; six populations at risk and two associated conditions. CONCLUSION: the validation of the nursing diagnosis of the Frail Elderly Syndrome in our socio-cultural context was considered appropriate, being an important step for critical thinking that underlies the decision-making of nurses in the care of the frail elderly, as well as professional practice.

Construction validation of an instrument for nursing care related to cutaneous xerosis.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the construct validation process of the instrument "Nursing care for the assessment, prevention and treatment of cutaneous xerosis in the elderly". METHOD: Methodological study carried out with 101 nurses in four hospitals in the great João Pessoa, between July and September 2018. Construct validation was performed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, in addition to the consistency check by Cronbach's alpha. RESULTS: Through the factorial analysis, three factors of the instrument construct were defined: treatment performed for cutaneous xerosis, preventive care for cutaneous xerosis and skin evaluation, with a total explanation variance of 47.77%. In Bartlett's sphericity test, p <0.001 was obtained, and the general Cronbach's alpha was 0.811. CONCLUSION: The instrument proved to be valid and reliable, contributing to the training and practice of nurses as an integral part in the process of caring for the elderly.

The impact of work on the health of nursing professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of work on nursing professionals' health. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional and quantitative study conducted with nurses from a university hospital in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected through interviews using an instrument to obtain sociodemographic data and health conditions and the Pleasure and Suffering Indicators at Work Scale (PSIWS). RESULTS: There were 152 nurses who participated. The Experience of Pleasure and its domains were rated as satisfactory, while Suffering Factors and their domains were critically evaluated. Statistically significant associations were observed (p≤0.05) between the indicators of pleasure and suffering and some health conditions, health problems and medication use. CONCLUSION: Satisfactory levels of pleasure were associated with better health conditions and critical levels of suffering were associated with worse health conditions.

Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders: an analysis under the light of Kolcaba's theory.

OBJECTIVE: To reveal the Comfort needs as perceived by hospitalized elders, using Kolcaba's theory. METHODS: Descriptive and qualitative study, with 11 elders hospitalized in a university hospital, aiming to identify their needs for Comfort. RESULTS: Discourses were categorized in four thematic units: Physical, Environmental, Sociocultural, and Psychospiritual. In the Physical context, several subcategories were found, namely, Symptom Relief; Daily Life Activities; Hygiene and personal care; Diet; Sleep and rest. In the Environmental context, the Comfort was considered to be superior than in the elders' home; in the Sociocultural one, family bonds were found to become more distant, triggering feelings of missing one's family and isolation, in the Psychospiritual context, spirituality and religiosity stood out. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The Comfort needs of the hospitalized elders enable one to reflect on nursing care, offering information to improve the quality of assistance and to attend to the real needs of the elderly.

Risk of falls in hospitalized elderly people. / Risco de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of falls in hospitalized elderly people. METHOD: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out at University Hospital of the State of Paraíba. The sample consisted of 284 elderly subjects interviewed from April to October 2016. The Morse Fall Scale was used to evaluate the risk of falls. RESULTS: Elderly males (52.5%) aged between 60 and 69 years old (58.1%) and who were not literate (38.7%), prevailed. It was verified that 45% of the sample presented a high risk of falls. The secondary diagnosis and the use of intravenous therapy were the criteria that obtained a higher percentage of elderly at risk. Diuretics (p≤0.032), urinary incontinence (p≤0.001), visual deficit (p≤0.001) and heart failure (p≤0.001) were significantly associated with the high risk of falls. CONCLUSION: The use of specific tools in the prevention of falls allows the improvement in the quality of assistance based on scientific evidence, allowing effective intervention and potentiating patient safety.

Nursing terminology for the care of people with respiratory diseases and Covid-19 / Terminología de enfermería para el cuidado de personas con enfermedades respiratorias y Covid-19 / Terminologia de enfermagem para o cuidado a pessoa com doençasrespiratórias e Covid-19

ABSTRACT Objectives: To build a specialized nursing terminology for the care of people with respiratory diseases and Covid-19 or who have respiratory diseases after Covid-19, based on ICNP®. Method: Methodological study developed in two stages: (1) identification of the relevant concepts for the health priority chosen from the literature; (2) cross-mapping of the identified concepts with the concepts contained in ICNP® version 2019/2020. Results: 9460 terms were extracted from the literature, of which 4065 terms were excluded because they were not related to the object of study and 5395 were submitted to the mapping technique, resulting in 290 constant terms in the ICNP® and 5134 non-constant terms. The constant terms were classified into the following axes: 120 in the Focus axis, 13 in Judgment, 48 in Action, 23 in Location, 38 in Means, eight in Time and one in Client. In addition, 36 nursing diagnoses/outcomes and three nursing interventions were mapped. Conclusion: The terminology will support the quality of care provided by the nursing team and the manual and electronic recording of patient data.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Construir una terminología enfermera especializada para el cuidado de personas con enfermedades respiratorias y Covid-19 o que presentan enfermedades respiratorias después de Covid-19, basada en la ICNP®. Método: Estudio metodológico desarrollado en dos etapas: (1) identificación de los conceptos relevantes para la prioridad sanitaria elegida a partir de la literatura; (2) mapeo cruzado de los conceptos identificados con los conceptos contenidos en la CIPN® versión 2019/2020. Resultados: 9460 términos fueron extraídos de la literatura, de los cuales 4065 términos fueron excluidos por no estar relacionados con el objeto de estudio y 5395 fueron sometidos a la técnica de mapeo, resultando 290 términos constantes en la ICNP® y 5134 términos no constantes. Los términos constantes se clasificaron en los siguientes ejes: 120 en el eje Enfoque, 13 en Juicio, 48 en Acción, 23 en Localización, 38 en Medios, ocho en Tiempo y uno en Cliente. Además, se mapearon 36 diagnósticos/resultados de enfermería y tres intervenciones de enfermería. Conclusión: La terminología va a subsidiar la calidad de los cuidados prestados por el equipo de enfermería y el registro manual y electrónico de los datos de los pacientes.

RESUMO Objetivos: Construir uma terminologia especializada de enfermagem para o cuidado à pessoa com doenças respiratórias e Covid-19 ou que apresentou doenças respiratórias após a Covid-19, fundamentada na CIPE®. Método: Estudo metodológico desenvolvido em duas etapas: (1) identificação dos conceitos relevantes para a prioridade de saúde escolhida a partir da literatura; (2) mapeamento cruzado dos conceitos identificados com os conceitos constantes na CIPE® versão 2019/2020. Resultados: Foram extraídos 9460 termos a partir da literatura. Desse total, 4065 termos foram excluídos por não estarem relacionados ao objeto de estudo e 5395 foram submetidos à técnica de mapeamento, resultando em 290 termos constantes na CIPE® e 5134 termos não constantes. Os termos constantes foram classificados nos eixos: 120 no eixo Foco, 13 no Julgamento, 48 no Ação, 23 no Localização, 38 no Meios, oito no Tempo e um no Cliente, além disso foram mapeados 36 diagnósticos/resultados de enfermagem e três intervenções de enfermagem. Conclusão: A terminologia subsidiará na qualidade da assistência da equipe de enfermagem e nos registros manual e eletrônico dos dados dos pacientes.

Nursing consultation software for hypertensive users of the Family Health Strategy.

OBJECTIVE: To report the development of a nursing consultation software for hypertensive users of the Family Health Strategy. METHOD: Applied methodological research based on Roger Pressman's Software Engineering, developed in three cycles: planning, composed of the definition of the database prototyping and modelling; development of the navigation interface; and development of functional expressions and programming. RESULT: The software consists of administrative and nursing consultation screens. In the history, there is the option of undertaking the first and next consultation; nursing diagnoses are suggested by the system after entering information and can be selected by nurses. Interventions for diagnoses are suggested and can be chosen by nurses after structuring the medical plan. CONCLUSION: It is believed that the introduction of computer technology for nursing consultation brings several contributions, such as standardization, integration with different information systems, and continuous update.

Análise léxica dos termos "crescimento e desenvolvimento" infantil / Análisis léxico de los términos "crecimiento y desarrollo" infantil / Lexical analysis of the terms "child growth and development"

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o léxico relacionado ao uso dos termos "crescimento e desenvolvimento" infantil, de acordo com a literatura da enfermagem. Métodos Trata-se de revisão integrativa desenvolvida nas bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO, Medline®, Web of Science, PsycInfo e Banco de Dados em Enfermagem: Bibliografia Brasileira. A busca foi operacionalizada usando-se os descritores "crescimento e desenvolvimento", "criança" e "saúde". Compuseram a amostra 22 documentos. O conteúdo referente ao crescimento e ao desenvolvimento da criança foi analisado no software IRAMUTEQ, por meio da classificação hierárquica descendente e de análise fatorial de correspondência. Os termos foram analisados de acordo com o referencial teórico das necessidades essenciais da criança. Resultados Foram determinadas cinco classes, que tinham relações léxicas e semânticas, representadas por: Crescimento; Desenvolvimento; Consulta de Enfermagem; Atividades de registro e Fatores influentes ao crescimento e ao desenvolvimento infantil. Conclusão Foi identificado o vocabulário léxico, sendo destrinchado, de forma minuciosa e profunda, o fenômeno "crescimento e desenvolvimento", o que pode facilitar o processo do raciocínio clínico e crítico do enfermeiro no momento da Consulta de Enfermagem, principalmente ao listar os Diagnósticos de Enfermagem e prescrever as Intervenções de Enfermagem.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el léxico relacionados al uso de los términos "crecimiento y desarrollo" infantil, de acuerdo con la literatura de enfermería. Métodos Se trata de una revisión integradora realizada en las bases de datos Lilacs, SciELO, Medline®, Web of Science, PsycInfo y Banco de Datos en Enfermería: Bibliografía Brasileña. La búsqueda fue llevada a cabo utilizando los descriptores "crecimiento y desarrollo", "niño" y "salud". La muestra estuvo compuesta por 22 documentos. El contenido referente al crecimiento y al desarrollo del niño se analizó en el software IRAMUTEQ, mediante la clasificación jerárquica descendiente y del análisis factorial de correspondencia. Los términos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el marco referencial teórico de las necesidades esenciales de los niños. Resultados Se determinaron cinco clases, que tenían relaciones léxicas y semánticas, representadas por: Crecimiento; Desarrollo; Consulta de enfermería; Actividades de registro y Factores influyentes al crecimiento y al desarrollo infantil. Conclusión Se identificó el vocabulario léxico y se desenmarañó, de forma minuciosa y profunda, el fenómeno "crecimiento y desarrollo", lo que puede facilitar el proceso de razonamiento clínico y crítico de los enfermeros en el momento de la consulta de enfermería, principalmente al enumerar los diagnósticos de enfermería y prescribir las intervenciones de enfermería.

Abstract Objective To analyze the lexicon related to the use of terms "child growth and development", according to nursing literature. Methods This is an integrative review developed in the LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE®, Web of Science, PsycInfo and Banco de Dados em Enfermagem: Brazilian Bibliography databases. The search was operationalized using the descriptors "growth and development", "children" and "health". The sample consisted of 22 documents. The content related to child growth and development was analyzed using the IRAMUTEQ software, using descending hierarchical classification and factorial correspondence analysis. The terms were analyzed according to children's essential needs theoretical framework. Results Five classes were determined, which had lexical and semantic relationships, represented by: Growth; Development; Nursing Consultation; Recording activities and Influential factors for child growth and development. Conclusion Lexical vocabulary was identified, and the phenomenon "growth and development" was carefully and deeply unraveled, which can facilitate nurses' clinical and critical reasoning at the time of the Nursing Consultation, mainly when listing Nursing Diagnoses and prescribing Nursing Interventions.

Intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas: revisão integrativa / Nursing interventions for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people: an integrative review

RESUMO Objetivo identificar intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas. Métodos revisão integrativa desenvolvida nas bases de dados Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL e LILACS utilizando a estratégia PICo com descritores controlados e suas combinações mediante os operadores booleanos AND e OR. Incluíram-se estudos abordando as intervenções para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas no contexto hospitalar, sem limitação geográfica ou de idioma, a partir de 2004 com a criação da The World Alliance for Patient Safety. Três revisores trabalharam nas citações, com uso do EndNote basic e Rayyan, alcançando amostra final de 20 estudos. Resultados foram identificadas 202 intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas, categorizadas em seis domínios da Nursing Interventions Classification (Fisiológico: básico; Fisiológico: complexo; Comportamental; Segurança; Família; Sistemas de Saúde). Conclusão identificaram-se intervenções de enfermagem para prevenção de quedas em pessoas idosas hospitalizadas, o que fornece subsídios para construção de protocolos assistenciais e melhorias da assistência. Contribuições para a prática: os resultados permitem que o enfermeiro possa prevenir a ocorrência de quedas, pondo em prática achados científicos consistentes desde o planejamento de ações até a execução e reavaliação dos resultados com a equipe.

ABSTRACT Objective to identify nursing interventions for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people. Methods integrative review developed on the Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL and LILACS databases using the PICo strategy with controlled descriptors and their combinations using the Boolean operators AND and OR. Studies addressing interventions to prevent falls in aged people in the hospital setting were included, without geographical or language limitation, from 2004 with the creation of The World Alliance for Patient Safety. Three reviewers worked on the citations, using EndNote basic and Rayyan, reaching a final sample of 20 studies. Results 202 nursing interventions were identified for fall prevention in hospitalized aged people, categorized into six domains of the Nursing Interventions Classification (Physiological: basic; Physiological: complex; Behavioral; Safety; Family; Health Systems). Conclusion nursing interventions were identified for the prevention of falls in hospitalized aged people, which provides subsidies for the construction of care protocols and improvements in care. Contributions to practice: the results allow nurses to prevent the occurrence of falls, putting into practice consistent scientific findings from the planning of actions to the execution and reassessment of results with the team.

Validity of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes in the face of COVID-19 / Validación de una cartilla para promover la salud de las personas con diabetes frente al COVID-19 / Validação de uma cartilha para promoção da saúde de pessoas com diabetes diante da COVID-19

ABSTRACT Objectives: to validate the content and appearance of a booklet to promote the health of people with diabetes mellitus in the face of COVID-19. Methods: a methodological study, carried out in a virtual environment with experts who had practical and scientific experience in diabetes mellitus, from November 2021 to February 2022. Data were analyzed using the Content Validity Ratio. Results: twenty-seven experts from different states of Brazil and with different academic backgrounds participated in the study. In content validity, reviews were suggested in items in relation to objectives and structure, in appearance validity, adjustments in layout were suggested. Conclusions: the results showed that the booklet achieved adequate content and appearance validity rates. Therefore, when adapting to experts' suggestions, it becomes an accurate tool.

RESUMEN Objetivos: validar el contenido y apariencia de una cartilla para promover la salud de las personas con diabetes mellitus frente al COVID-19. Métodos: estudio metodológico, realizado en ambiente virtual con especialistas que tenían experiencia práctica y científica en diabetes mellitus, de noviembre de 2021 a febrero de 2022. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido. Resultados: participaron del estudio 27 especialistas de diferentes estados de Brasil y con diferentes formaciones académicas. En la validación de contenido se sugirieron revisiones en ítems en relación a los objetivos y estructura, en la validación de apariencia se sugirieron ajustes en el layout. Conclusiones: los resultados mostraron que la cartilla logró índices adecuados de validación de contenido y apariencia. Por lo tanto, al adaptarse a las sugerencias de los expertos, se convierte en una herramienta certera.

RESUMO Objetivos: validar o conteúdo e a aparência de uma cartilha para promoção da saúde de pessoas com diabetes mellitus diante da COVID-19. Métodos: estudo metodológico, realizado em ambiente virtual com especialistas que possuíam experiência prática e científica em diabetes mellitus, de novembro de 2021 a fevereiro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados por meio da Razão de Validade de Conteúdo. Resultados: participaram do estudo 27 especialistas de diferentes estados do Brasil e com diferentes formações acadêmicas. Na validação de conteúdo, foram sugeridas revisões em itens em relação aos objetivos e estrutura, já na validação de aparência, foram sugeridos ajustes no layout. Conclusões: os resultados evidenciaram que a cartilha alcançou índices adequados de validação de conteúdo e aparência. Portanto, ao adequar-se às sugestões dos especialistas, torna-se uma ferramenta acurada.

Pressure injury prevention in older people: construction and validation of an instrument for caregivers / Prevención de lesiones por presión en ancianos: construcción y validación de instrumento orientado al cuidador / Prevenção de lesão por pressão em idosos: construção e validação de instrumento voltado ao cuidador

ABSTRACT Objectives: to construct and validate an instrument to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to pressure injury prevention among caregivers of institutionalized older people. Methods: this is a three-stage methodological study that consisted of instrument construction, analysis by experts, and semantic and appearance analysis, with 78 participants, observing the validation process steps for psychometric instruments in the criteria of clarity and relevance. Results: in the Delphi I round, the validity index of the general content in the clarity criterion was 0.66, in relevance 0.85, and the Kappa value was >0.76. In Delphi II, clarity was 0.95, relevance 1.00, and the Kappa value was >0.97. Conclusions: this is a valid instrument in terms of content and appearance, which allows further analysis of its reliability for the measurement of the constructs for which it is intended. Therefore, it can be considered a tool for care management in pressure injury prevention.

RESUMEN Objetivos: construir y validar un instrumento pera evaluación del conocimiento, actitud y práctica relacionado a la prevención de lesiones por presión entre cuidadores de ancianos institucionalizados. Métodos: estudio metodológico realizado en tres fases: construcción del instrumento, análisis de los evaluadores y análisis semántico y de apariencia, con 78 participantes siguiendo las etapas del proceso de validación de instrumentos psicométricos para los criterios claridad y pertinencia. Resultados: en la ronda Delphi I el índice de validez de contenido general del criterio "claridad" fue de 0,66, "pertinencia" 0,85, y valor de Kappa > 0,76. En Delphi II, el criterio de "claridad" fue 0,95, "pertinencia" 1,00 y valor de Kappa > 0,97. Conclusiones: se tiene un instrumento válido respecto de contenidos y apariencia, para continuar analizando su confiabilidad para medir los constructos a los cuales se propone, para que sirva como herramienta de gestión del cuidado en la prevención de lesiones por presión.

RESUMO Objetivos: construir e validar instrumento relacionado à prevenção de lesão por pressão para avaliação do conhecimento, da atitude e da prática de cuidadores de idosos institucionalizados. Métodos: estudo metodológico realizado em três fases: construção do instrumento, análise dos juízes e análise semântica e aparente, com 78 participantes, seguindo as etapas do processo de validação de instrumentos psicométricos para os critérios clareza e pertinência. Resultados: na rodada Delphi I, o índice de validade de conteúdo global do critério "clareza" foi de 0,66, "pertinência" 0,85 e valor de Kappa > 0,76. Em Delphi II, o critério de "clareza" foi de 0,95, "pertinência" 1,00 e valor de Kappa > 0,97. Conclusões: dispõe-se de instrumento válido quanto a conteúdo e aparência para dar seguimento à análise da sua confiabilidade em medir os construtos aos quais se propõe, para que possa servir de ferramenta para gestão do cuidado na prevenção de lesão por pressão.

Reflections in the light of the complexity theory and nursing education. / Reflexões à luz da Teoria da Complexidade e a formação do enfermeiro.

OBJECTIVE:: to reflect on nursing education, taking into account the principles of complex thinking proposed by Morin. METHOD:: reflection based on the principles of the complexity theory by Edgar Morin. RESULTS:: the application of complexity in teaching proposes an emancipatory education based on questioning and social transformation. It comprises the education of nurses who interact with others as a characteristic of their work. It is necessary to prepare students to develop critical and reflective attitudes and actions to overcome the fragmentation and linearity of knowledge. CONCLUSION:: nursing care has been based on a reductionist assistance, reflecting the Cartesian model. Thus, nursing education seeks to comprise shared knowledge and experiences so that no subject or professional overpowers another, accepting the uniqueness of professionals and patients.

O papel do enfermeiro no programa de planejamento reprodutivo: uma revisão integrativa / The nurse's role in the reproductive planning program: an integrative review / El papel de la enfermera en el programa de planificación reproductiva: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: analisar a produção científica nacional e internacional sobre o papel do enfermeiro no programa de planejamento reprodutivo.Método: revisão integrativa de artigos nas bases Literatura Latino-americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), Índice Bibliográfico Español em Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health PubMed / Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PUBMED) e na biblioteca Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), nos idiomas português e inglês, por meio dos descritores "Planejamento familiar", "Family planning" "Enfermeiro", "Nurse" e "Anticoncepção", "Contraception". Resultados: foram encontrados 75 artigos após busca nas bases de dados e após exclusão das duplicações e triagem adequada dos estudos, foram selecionados 8 artigos para compor a amostra da revisão.Dos achados, os estudos evidenciam que o planejamento reprodutivo está associado à educação em saúde como um instrumento para prevenção de uma gravidez indesejada e que o enfermeiro atua como mediador entre o serviço e a população, buscando melhores estratégias para garantia dos direitos em saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Conclusão:os resultados do estudo poderãocontribuir para a atuação do profissional de enfermagem, assim comoda equipe multiprofissional, a partir da reflexão sobre o tema pautados nos princípios de humanização e integralidade da assistência.

Objective: to analyze national and international scientific production on the role of nurses in the reproductive planning program. Method: integrative review of articles in the bases Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Bibliographical Index Español em Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health PubMed/ Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PUBMED) and in the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) library, in Portuguese and English, using the descriptors "Family planning", "Family planning", "Nurse", "Nurse" and "Anticonception", " Contraception". Results: 75 articles were found after searching the databases and after exclusionof duplications and adequate screening of studies, 8 articles were selected to compose the review sample. From the findings, the studies show that reproductive planning is associated with health education as an instrument to prevent unwanted pregnancy andthat the nurse acts as a mediator between the service and the population, seeking better strategies to guarantee rights in sexual and health. reproductive. Conclusions: the results of the study may contribute to the performance of the nursing professional, as well as the multidisciplinary team, from the reflection on the theme based on the principles of humanization and integrality of care.

Objetivo: analizar la producción científica nacional e internacional sobre el papel del enfermero en el programa de planificación reproductiva. Método: revisión integradora de artículos en las bases Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), Índice Bibliográfico Español em Ciencias de la Salud (IBECS), Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina National Institutes of Health PubMed / Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE/PUBMED) y en la biblioteca Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO), en portugués e inglés, utilizando los descriptores "Family planning", "Family planning", "Nurse", "Nurse" y "Anticonception", "Contraception". Resultados: se encontraron 75 artículos después de la búsqueda en las bases de datos y después de la exclusión de duplicaciones y la selección adecuada de los estudios, se seleccionaron 8 artículos para componer la muestra de revisión. A partir de los hallazgos, los estudios muestran que la planificación reproductiva está asociada a la educación en salud como instrumento para prevenir el embarazo no deseado y que la enfermera actúa como mediadora entre el servicio y la población, buscando mejores estrategias para garantizar los derechos en salud sexual y reproductiva. Conclusión: los resultados del estudio pueden contribuir para la actuación del profesional de enfermería, así como del equipo multidisciplinario, a partir de la reflexión sobre el tema a partir de los principios de humanización e integralidad del cuidado.