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The purpose of this study was to explore whether patient-centered communication (PCC) would partially mediate the relationship between social support and mental health status among adult survivors of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Methods: Secondary analysis of self-administered questionnaires mailed to 682 adults with NHL who were assumed living and had completed the baseline 2005 study (83% response rate). Adult NHL survivors (n = 566) and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Sobel test. Results: PCC partially mediated the relationship between social support and three measures of mental health outcomes (SF-36 Mental Component Summary [SF36-MCS], Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist-Civilian Version [PCL-C], Impact of Cancer - Negative Impact Summary [IOCv2 NIS]). Results of the conservative Sobel test were significant (p < .01) in three mediation models. Conclusions: Future research should focus on testing interventions that target PCC and identifying additional mediators and moderators between social support and mental health outcomes among cancer survivors.
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Linfoma não Hodgkin , Qualidade de Vida , Adulto , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Linfoma não Hodgkin/psicologia , Sobreviventes/psicologia , Apoio Social , Comunicação , Assistência Centrada no Paciente , Nível de SaúdeRESUMO
Adults living in rural areas are at greater risk of becoming overweight and obese due to health care disparities. A pre-/postmatched cohort design was used to evaluate a brief weight-loss counseling intervention, Ten Top Tips (10TT), in a rural primary care setting. The rank sum scores for total weight-loss behaviors and the subscales for dietary changes, self-monitoring, physical activity, and psychological coping taken before and 12 weeks after the intervention differed significantly (P = .0001). Ten Top Tips offers rural community clinics an effective weight-loss intervention.
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Aconselhamento/métodos , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Obesidade/terapia , Sobrepeso/terapia , Redução de Peso/fisiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População Rural , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Parenting school-aged children while living with HIV has been associated with significant consequences for African American mothers. This article presents and discusses the results of a qualitative study that examined the parenting experiences of HIV-infected African American mothers rearing young children. A sample of 8 inner-city, African American mothers of uninfected preschool-aged children were interviewed individually. Interview guide questions explored day-to-day childcare activities from the mothers' perspective. Five themes emerged: role of mothering, doing it all, less time for self, fear, and hope. Findings can be used to guide the development of programs to support HIV-infected mothers rearing young children.
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Negro ou Afro-Americano/psicologia , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Mães/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Adulto , Criança , Cuidado da Criança , Pré-Escolar , Medo , Feminino , Esperança , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Relações Mãe-FilhoRESUMO
Child morbidity and mortality due to infectious diseases continues to be a major threat and public health concern worldwide. Although global vaccination coverage reached 90 % for diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP3) across 129 countries, Kenya and other sub-Saharan countries continue to experience under-vaccination. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal education and child immunization (12-23 months) in Kenya. This study used retrospective cross-sectional data from the 2008-2009 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey for women aged 15-49, who had children aged 12-23 months, and who answered questions about vaccination in the survey (n = 1,707). The majority of the children had received vaccinations, with 77 % for poliomyelitis, 74 % for measles, 94 % for tuberculosis, and 91 % for diphtheria, whooping cough (pertussis), and tetanus. After adjusting for other covariates, women with primary, secondary, and college/university education were between 2.21 (p < 0.01) and 9.10 (p < 0.001) times more likely to immunize their children than those who had less than a primary education. Maternal education is clearly crucial in ensuring good health outcomes among children, and integrating immunization knowledge with maternal and child health services is imperative. More research is needed to identify factors influencing immunization decisions among less-educated women in Kenya.
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Serviços de Saúde da Criança/estatística & dados numéricos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Programas de Imunização/estatística & dados numéricos , Imunização/estatística & dados numéricos , Mães/educação , Adolescente , Adulto , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Vacinas contra Difteria, Tétano e Coqueluche Acelular/administração & dosagem , Escolaridade , Feminino , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Lactente , Quênia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Vacina contra Sarampo-Caxumba-Rubéola/administração & dosagem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The authors investigated the feasibility of using computer-assisted instruction in patients of varying literacy levels by examining patients' preferences for learning and their ability to use 2 computer-based educational programs. A total of 263 participants 50-74 years of age with varying health literacy levels interacted with 1 of 2 educational computer programs as part of a randomized trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid. A baseline and postprogram evaluation survey were completed. More than half (56%) of the participants had limited health literacy. Regardless of literacy level, doctors were the most commonly used source of medical information-used frequently by 85% of limited and adequate literacy patients. In multivariate logistic regression, only those with health insurance (OR = 2.35, p = .06) and computer use experience (OR = 0.39, p = .03) predicted the ability to complete the programs without assistance compared with those without health insurance or prior computer use, respectively. Although patients with limited health literacy had less computer experience, the majority completed the programs without any assistance and stated that they learned more than they would have from a brochure. Future research should investigate ways that computer-assisted instruction can be incorporated in medical care to enhance patient understanding.
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Instrução por Computador , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Letramento em Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Preferência do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Interface Usuário-Computador , Idoso , Neoplasias Colorretais , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Estudos de Viabilidade , Feminino , Humanos , Internet , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
The prevalence of both domestic violence (DV) and HIV among Kenyan women is known to be high, but the relationship between them is unknown. Nationally representative cross-sectional data from married and formerly married (MFM) women responding to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2008/2009 were analyzed adjusting for complex survey design. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the covariate-adjusted associations between HIV serostatus and any reported DV as well as four constituent DV measures: physical, emotional, sexual, and aggravated bodily harm, adjusting for covariates entered into each model using a forward stepwise selection process. Covariates of a priori interest included those representing marriage history, risky sexual behavior, substance use, perceived HIV risk, and sociodemographic characteristics. The prevalence of HIV among MFM women was 10.7% (any DV: 13.1%, no DV: 8.6%); overall prevalence of DV was 43.4%. Among all DV measures, only physical DV was associated with HIV (11.9%; adjusted odds ratio: 2.01, p <.05). Efforts by the government and women's groups to monitor and improve policies to reduce DV, such as the Sexual Offences Act of 2006, are urgently needed to curb HIV, as are policies that seek to provide DV counseling and treatment to MFM women.
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Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/transmissão , Estado Civil , Maus-Tratos Conjugais/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Divórcio , Feminino , Soropositividade para HIV , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Quênia/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Casamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , População Rural , Cônjuges/estatística & dados numéricos , População Urbana , Adulto JovemRESUMO
To address the underrepresentation of ethnic minorities in research-focused nursing doctoral programs, Winston-Salem State University (WSSU) Division of Nursing has partnered with Duke University School of Nursing to establish a Bridge to the Doctorate program. This program provides a research honors track for graduate nursing students from underrepresented minority groups who are enrolled at WSSU, with the aim of preparing them to seamlessly transition into a PhD program at Duke University.
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Educação de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem/organização & administração , Currículo , Humanos , Modelos Educacionais , North Carolina , UniversidadesRESUMO
The study purpose was to determine the association between sexual debut and HIV sero-status, and factors contributing to a positive HIV sero-status. Retrospective cross-sectional data from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey-2003 were used. Data on women aged 15-49 (n = 3,273) and men aged 15-54 (n = 2,917) accepting HIV testing were retained from three datasets. Stata version 10.1 was used for analyses, p < 0.05. Nine percent of women and 5% of men tested positive for HIV, of whom 46% and 49%, p < 0.001 were aged 16-21 respectively. After adjusting for confounding, women and men who had sexual debut aged 16-21 were 2.31 (95% CI: 1.52-3.51), p < 0.001 and 1.83 (95% CI: 1.07-3.13), p < 0.05 times more likely to test positive for HIV compared to those who never had sex respectively. Early sexual debut continues to be a major risk factor for acquiring HIV infection later in life, suggesting earlier interventions could have a major impact towards fighting the disease.
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Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Comportamento Sexual , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Demografia , Feminino , Humanos , Quênia/epidemiologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Hypertension (HTN) affects nearly 75 million in the United States, and percentages increase with low socioeconomic status (SES) due to poor access to, and quality of, care, and poor self-care behaviors. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) employ evidence-based strategies, such as telehealth interventions, to improve blood pressure (BP) control in under-resourced communities, yet a southeastern FQHC could achieve a BP control rate of only 27.6%, well below the Health People 2020 goal of 61.2%. This pilot project used a pre/post, matched-cohort design to evaluate the effect of a telehealth intervention on BP control and self-care behaviors. Secondary outcomes included self-efficacy and perceived stress. Frequency and percentage, Wilcoxon signed-rank, and McNemar tests were used for statistical analysis of results from a convenience sample of 27 participants. Baseline HTN management guidance that incorporated home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) was reinforced through telephone counseling every two weeks. Although BP control was not achieved, average scores for systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased significantly: 13 mm Hg (p = 0.0136) and 5 mm Hg (p = 0.0095), respectively. Statistically significant differences were also seen in select self-care behaviors. Greater BP reduction aligned with higher self-efficacy scores and call engagement. Overall, telephone counseling and HBPM were feasible and effective in reducing BP and increasing self-care behaviors. The inability to control BP may be attributable to under-recognition of stress, lack of medication adherence/reconciliation, and underutilization of guideline-based prescribing recommendations. Findings elucidate the potential effectiveness of a sustainable telehealth intervention to improve BP in low-SES populations.
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Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial , Hipertensão , Humanos , Adulto , Estados Unidos , Pressão Sanguínea , Monitorização Ambulatorial da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Projetos Piloto , Autocuidado , Telefone , Classe SocialRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in the United States and African Americans are disproportionately affected. Cardiovascular disease risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, family history of heart disease, and physical inactivity are often higher in African American young adults. The aim of the current study was to assess cardiovascular disease risk factors at a historically black college and university (HBCU) in North Carolina. METHODS: A collaborative partnership was established that included Living Heart Foundation, the NFL Retired Players Association and a HBCU. Ninety-one students (77 females and 14 males) aged 18 to 55 years (mean, 24 y, SD = 9 y) were recruited via dissemination of flyers, brochures, mass e-mailing, and announcements. Demographic and medical history data were collected. Stata version 10.1 was used for all analyses. RESULTS: Fifty-three percent of the participants reported having experienced a chronic health condition, 32% were overweight (body mass index [BMI], 25-29.9 kg/m2) and 31% obese (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2). Five percent of females and 23% of males had high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of 40 mg/dL or less, indicative of a risk for developing heart disease. CONCLUSION: There is an urgent need to intervene among African American college students and address behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Such interventions may have a major impact on their overall and future health outcomes. Strategies to be employed need to focus on the integration of culturally appropriate healthy lifestyle programs into the curriculum and university health centers. Consultations with stakeholders for ideas and resources should be encouraged.
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População Negra , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Comportamento Cooperativo , Promoção da Saúde/organização & administração , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Estudantes , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This study explores HIV/AIDS communication strategies among church leaders at predominately African American churches in a metropolitan city and surrounding areas in North Carolina. The church leaders contacted for the study are members of an interfaith-based HIV/AIDS program. The researchers used semi-standardized interviews to explore how church leaders address HIV/AIDS in the church. The findings indicate that the seven church leaders who participated in the study use a variety of communication channels to disseminate HIV/AIDS information for congregants and their surrounding communities, which include both interpersonal and mass media.
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Negro ou Afro-Americano , Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Religião e Medicina , Cristianismo , Clero , Empatia , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/etnologia , Humanos , Disseminação de Informação/métodos , Masculino , North Carolina , Responsabilidade Social , Estigma SocialRESUMO
COVID-19 vaccination rates have increased since distribution began in December 2020. However, in some states, such as South Carolina, getting people to take the vaccine has been challenging; as of spring 2022, slightly less than 60% of the total population is fully vaccinated. Vaccine hesitancy among Black Americans may be explained by several factors, including lack of confidence in the medical establishment and vaccines in particular. Faith-based leaders, such as pastors, can make a difference. This study explores the communication strategies that pastors in predominantly Black churches use to increase COVID-19 vaccination rates among churchgoers and the surrounding community. We conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 pastors in South Carolina. The main themes that emerged are: (1) using various communication channels to ensure access; (2) representing a trusted source of information; (3) offering a role model for vaccination-leading by example; and (4) strengthening the commitment to health. As the need for COVID-19 vaccination continues, including booster vaccines, pastors can provide accurate information and community outreach to promote the health of Black communities.
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COVID-19 , Clero , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Humanos , South Carolina , VacinaçãoRESUMO
Introduction: Various domains of psychosocial stress have been significantly related to blood pressure. However, ambiguity is present in how these relationships are defined in the literature. Objective: To add to the existing literature and examine the relationship between psychosocial stress (financial strain and job strain) and other cofactors on blood pressure. Methods: This secondary analysis is designed to analyze the relationship between levels of job and financial stress and blood pressure outcomes among participants in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Family Heart Study 2004-2008. The descriptive, cross-sectional design uses data from a subset of study participants, 350 White and 195 Black (n = 545), 338 female (62%), and all aged 18-56 years. Psychosocial stress was measured using the Singh Stress Scale. Resting systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure values obtained on a stress reactivity protocol day in the primary study, as well as calculated mean arterial pressure (MAP) were used for this analysis. Multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationship between psychosocial stress and blood pressure. Results: In this young cohort, self-report of either financial strain or job strain was associated with lower blood pressure levels than those of participants who reported neither stressor. Differential sex and race effects appear to contribute to these results. Blood pressure levels were not significantly associated with self-report of both stressors. Conclusion: Understanding the effects of various forms of stress on blood pressure may inform more precise HTN risk-factor screening and interventions to improve BP management.
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INTRODUCTION: Ensuring NCLEX-RN success for graduates of Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) is integral to increasing Blacks and other racial/ethnic minorities underrepresented as registered nurses (RNs). PURPOSE: To examine the association between program type (traditional (TBSN) and accelerated Bachelor of Science [ABSN]) and first-time NCLEX-RN exam outcome. METHODS: A retrospective descriptive design was used. TBSN and ABSN students (nâ¯=â¯465) who graduated between 2015-2018 at an HBCU were examined. RESULTS: First-time pass rates for the total sample was 91.58%. Differences were observed between program type in 10 nursing courses for both programs, with Child Health being the only course predicting NCLEX-RN in both programs. In a multivariate logistic regression model, male students were 69% less likely to pass NCLEX-RN exam on first attempt compared to females, AORâ¯=â¯0.31, pâ¯=â¯0.005. CONCLUSION: HBCUs can successfully prepare a diverse population of BSN graduates who pass NCLEX-RN on first attempt. Increased understanding of factors that decrease NCLEX-RN success of males is a prerequisite to development of strategies to ensure that all students have positive outcomes. There is also a need to understand differential relationships between nursing course grades and NCLEX-RN success among students enrolled in TBSN versus ABSN paths.
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Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Criança , Avaliação Educacional , Feminino , Humanos , Licenciamento em Enfermagem , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , UniversidadesRESUMO
Objectives: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Among the risk factors for college students, obesity and physical inactivity are disproportionately high among African Americans (AAs), and while studies of the obesity epidemic have increased in recent years, few target AA college-aged students. This study developed and piloted an evidence-based, 15-week, 3-credit hour, CVD risk-prevention and intervention course, Rams Have HEART that used e-learning, web-based technologies, and a mobile application and compared its effects against a control course. Methods: Two cohorts were recruited in a two-year period; 124 AA college students voluntarily consented to participate in the study, with n = 63 representing the control group and n = 61 representing the intervention. CVD risk factors were assessed by examining blood markers and anthropometric measurements. Demographic, clinical, and survey data (physical measures, blood marker investigation, and self-report surveys) were collected at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up over the academic year. Results: The mean blood markers for lipid panel and glucose results were within the established optimal range. Intake of fruits and vegetables increased along with knowledge of CVD risk factors; 86% of students enrolled in the intervention passed the course; 100% (n = 61) would recommend it to future students. Conclusion: Developing and offering a healthy lifestyle-behavior CVD intervention course to AA college students is feasible and effective in optimizing their awareness of chronic disease risk factors and prompting behavior change.
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BACKGROUND: With the increasing use of mobile devices to access the internet and as the main computing system of apps, there is a growing market for mobile health apps to provide self-care advice. Their effectiveness with regard to diet and fitness tracking, for example, needs to be examined. The majority of American adults fail to meet daily recommendations for healthy behavior. Testing user engagement with an app in a controlled environment can provide insight into what is effective and not effective in an app focused on improving diet and exercise. OBJECTIVE: We developed Rams Have Heart, a mobile app, to support a cardiovascular disease (CVD) intervention course. The app tracks healthy behaviors, including fruit and vegetable consumption and physical activity, throughout the day. This paper aimed to present its functionality and evaluated adherence among the African American college student population. METHODS: We developed the app using the Personal Health Informatics and Intervention Toolkit, a software framework. Rams Have Heart integrates self-reported health screening with health education, diary tracking, and user feedback modules to acquire data and assess progress. The parent study, conducted at a historically black college and university-designated institution in southeastern United States, consisted of a semester-long intervention administered as an academic course in the fall, for 3 consecutive years. Changes were made after the cohort 1 pilot study, so results only include cohorts 2 and 3, comprising a total of 115 students (n=55 intervention participants and n=54 control participants) aged from 17 to 24 years. Data collected over the study period were transferred using the secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure protocol and stored in a secure Structured Query Language server database accessible only to authorized persons. SAS software was used to analyze the overall app usage and the specific results collected. RESULTS: Of the 55 students in the intervention group, 27 (49%) students in cohort 2 and 25 (45%) in cohort 3 used the Rams Have Heart app at least once. Over the course of the fall semester, app participation dropped off gradually until exam week when most students no longer participated. The average fruit and vegetable intake increased slightly, and activity levels decreased over the study period. CONCLUSIONS: Rams Have Heart was developed to allow daily tracking of fruit and vegetable intake and physical activity to support a CVD risk intervention for a student demographic susceptible to obesity, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes. We conducted an analysis of app usage, function, and user results. Although a mobile app provides privacy and flexibility for user participation in a research study, Rams Have Heart did not improve compliance or user outcomes. Health-oriented research studies relying on apps in support of user goals need further evaluation.
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Aplicativos Móveis , Adolescente , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Feminino , Frutas , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Estudantes , Verduras , Adulto JovemRESUMO
For college students, the transition from adolescence to young adulthood can be a time of increased stress and negative health behaviors, such as poor diet and physical inactivity, that may lead to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the primary cause of death in the United States. Blacks are disproportionately prone to CVD. Perception of disease risk is a critical predictor of engagement in healthy lifestyle activities intended to reduce CVD development. This project examined the relationship between perceived risk of CVD and health behaviors in Black HBCU students aged 18-25 years. All participants (n = 14) perceived that they were not at risk for heart disease within the next 10 years. Almost half (n = 6, 42.86%) had moderately high CVD risk scores, and three (21.43%) were at high risk for developing CVD. Scores on the subscales for dread risk, risk, and unknown risk were 28.29, 37.67, and 43.86, respectively. Total scores for perceived risk of heart disease ranged from 20 to 80. The Spearman's correlation between these Black college students' perceived dread risk and health responsibility was positive and moderately correlated (rs = 0.62, p = 0.019). A negative and moderate correlation was demonstrated between unknown perceived risk and health responsibility (rs = -0.54, p = 0.046). Thus, higher risk perception is correlated with greater health responsibility, while low risk perception is correlated with less health responsibility. Barriers to healthy lifestyle behaviors identified by the sample included lack of time and sleep, physical inactivity, cost, convenience of unhealthy foods, and low perception of developing CVD. A major implication is the benefit of implementing interventions to modify risk perception and college-specific barriers that increase CVD risk.
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Treatment of vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs) is the most common reason for emergency department (ED) treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD). We (1) compared perceptions of the usability and ability to manage VOE pain between ED nurses and other ED provider types, ED sites, and VOE protocols (individualized vs. weight-based), and (2) identified ED nurse and other provider protocol suggestions. A secondary analysis of provider survey data collected immediately after caring for a patient enrolled in a randomized controlled trial comparing weight-based versus individualized opioid dosing for VOE. Research staff asked the ED nurses and other ED providers (nurse practitioners [NPs], physician assistants [PAs], residents, and attending physicians) 5 questions related to the protocol's ease of use and ability to manage pain. There were 236 surveys completed. Attending physicians (n = 15), residents (n = 88), PAs (n = 21), and NPs (n = l) were more satisfied than nurses (n = 111) with the clarity of the analgesic ordering (97.6% vs. 0%, p = 0.0001) and ability to manage the patient's VOE pain (91% vs. 0%, p = 0.0001). When comparing both protocols with the usual ED strategy in their ED to manage VOE, more nurses than other ED providers perceived the study patients' pain management protocol as better (100% vs. 35.2%, p = 0.0001). Other ED providers perceived the individualized versus weight-based protocol as better at managing pain than their usual ED strategy (70.3% vs. 59.5%, p = 0.04). The individualized protocol was perceived as better in managing VOE than the weight-based ED strategy. While physicians were satisfied with the clarity of the protocols, nurses were not. Improved protocol usability is required for widespread ED implementation.
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Analgésicos Opioides/uso terapêutico , Anemia Falciforme/complicações , Anemia Falciforme/enfermagem , Protocolos Clínicos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Peso Corporal , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medição da Dor , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 causes 66% of cervical cancers (Dunne et al., 2014). Vaccination during adolescence can prevent HPV-associated cervical cancers, yet less than half of adolescent girls are vaccinated. This study examined the association between HPV knowledge and parental intentions to vaccinate daughters against HPV. A retrospective, cross-sectional, national data set from the 2006-2007 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) was used. A multivariate multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between intent to vaccinate and HPV knowledge. After controlling for other covariates, parents who were knowledgeable were more likely to intend to have their daughters vaccinated compared with those who were not knowledgeable (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] = 3.96, p = .004). Having HPV knowledge would significantly increase parents' intent for vaccination against the disease for their daughters. Health care providers should integrate HPV-related education for parents within their services, and policymakers should consider requiring HPV vaccination for school attendance.
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Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Intenção , Núcleo Familiar , Infecções por Papillomavirus/prevenção & controle , Pais/psicologia , Adolescente , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/imunologia , Aceitação pelo Paciente de Cuidados de Saúde/psicologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Vacinação/psicologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: African-American college students are less likely to meet recommended physical activity guidelines to promote health, and are at risk of overweight, obesity, and elevated blood pressure. Text messaging is an emerging international technology shown to engage college students, promote physical activity, and reduce health risks. PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility of using text messaging to promote physical activity among African-American college students enrolled in a unique course focusing on lifestyle behaviors for a healthy heart. SAMPLE: A purposive sample of 11 (n=4 male, n=7 female) African-American college students aged 18-25 years with cell phones capable of receiving messages was used in this study. METHODS: A three-week text-message protocol was piloted using web-based software to evaluate feasibility with post-hoc grouping of participants into responders and non responders. Descriptive statistics and Mann-Whitney U-tests were used to analyze group differences. RESULTS: There was an attrition rate of nearly 91%. Observed engagement was 50% among responders with compliance at 44.44%. Observed engagement and compliance rates were less than 2% among nonresponders. There were no statistically significant differences in underlying variable distributions between groups. Of practical importance, it was noted that prior to texting responder means were higher for walking physical activity, and lower for body mass index, while nonresponders had higher means for vigorous physical activity. CONCLUSION: The literature review indicated that text messaging is a cost-effective technology that can be incorporated into health education courses on HBCU campuses, but this project suggested semester timing is pivotal to feasibility. Implications largely address tailoring text messages to maintain engagement and evaluating the effect of text messages on physical activity level, body mass index, and blood pressure.