RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ki67 is an immunohistochemical proliferation marker in many types of cancer and has been widely studied among breast cancer patients mostly through retrospective studies. METHODS: The MEDLINE/PubMed database was searched for publications with the medical subject heading 'Ki 67' and the key words 'breast', 'cancer', and 'prognosis'. We restricted our search to articles published until 2012. RESULTS: In this review, we included 78 articles and abstracts that were accessible and available in English. An effort to further explain the role of Ki67 in the prognosis of breast cancer has been made. CONCLUSIONS: The debate on the prognostic role of Ki67 in breast cancer is still open, although most of the studies have established a relation between Ki67 and overall and disease-free survival. Further research should be made in order to establish Ki67 as a standard prognostic marker in breast cancer.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Antígeno Ki-67/análise , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Biomarcadores Tumorais/análise , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , PrognósticoRESUMO
Cyclins are indispensable elements of the cell cycle and derangement of their function can lead to cancer formation. Recent studies have also revealed more mechanisms through which cyclins can express their oncogenic potential. This review focuses on the aberrant expression of G1/S cyclins and especially cyclin D and cyclin E; the pathways through which they lead to tumour formation and their involvement in different types of cancer. These elements indicate the mechanisms that could act as targets for cancer therapy.