Analysis of durability and replacement of vocal prostheses in total laryngectomy patients at a head and neck surgery referral center.

PURPOSE: The use of tracheoesophageal prostheses has become the gold standard in vocal rehabilitation of patients undergoing total laryngectomy. However, this method also has limitations, such as the need for frequent replacement of prostheses due to leakage or other complications. We have designed a study to access the clinical profile of patients using tracheoesophageal prostheses as vocal rehabilitation after total laryngectomy and to determine the average rate of changes, as well as the main causes of prostheses replacement. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed based on patients who underwent rehabilitation with voice prostheses after total laryngectomy between 2008 and 2017. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 93 patients and 432 vocal prostheses replacement events. The median change of prostheses per patient was 210.25 days, (range 57.33 to 651.50). The most frequent cause of prostheses replacement was leakage through the prostheses, 218 (50.46%). Lower level of education was associated to higher prostheses replacement rate. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that the median of prostheses durability is higher than that presented in the literature, the main cause of replacement was protheses leakage and that low educational level is associated to higher replacement rate.

Progressive Increase Trend in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Brazil.

Introduction The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is rising in the whole world. Objective To access the prevalence and temporal trend of HPV infection in oropharyngeal cancer by analyzing the expression of the p16 protein. Methods We conducted a transversal study in a Brazilian reference oncology center. The sample consisted of 254 patients with OSCC. The analyzed period was from 2013 to 2017. All patients underwent p16 immunohistochemistry analysis. Results The overall prevalence of HPV-related OSCC was of 31.9%. During the analyzed period, we observed a trend of increasing rates of OSCC that marked positive for p16 immunohistochemistry. The annual prevalence of p16-positive cases was of 20.6% in 2013, 23.9% in 2014, 33.3% in 2015, 38.3% in 2016, and 34.2% in 2017. Most of the patients were stage III and IV (84%). Female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-5.888; p = 0.049) and younger patients (OR = 2.919; 95%CI: 1.682-5.067; p < 0.005) were associated with a higher risk of HPV-related OSCC. Tobacco consumption had a proportional lower risk of HPV-related OSCC (OR = 0.152; 95%CI: 0063-0.366; p < 0.005). Conclusion We observed an increasing prevalence of HPV-related OSCC in a specialized cancer hospital in Brazil.

Progressive Increase Trend in HPV-Related Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Brazil

Abstract Introduction The prevalence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) related to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is rising in the whole world. Objective To access the prevalence and temporal trend of HPV infection in oropharyngeal cancer by analyzing the expression of the p16 protein. Methods We conducted a transversal study in a Brazilian reference oncology center. The sample consisted of 254 patients with OSCC. The analyzed period was from 2013 to 2017. All patients underwent p16 immunohistochemistry analysis. Results The overall prevalence of HPV-related OSCC was of 31.9%. During the analyzed period, we observed a trend of increasing rates of OSCC that marked positive for p16 immunohistochemistry. The annual prevalence of p16-positive cases was of 20.6% in 2013, 23.9% in 2014, 33.3% in 2015, 38.3% in 2016, and 34.2% in 2017. Most of the patients were stage III and IV (84%). Female patients (odds ratio [OR] = 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.003-5.888; p = 0.049) and younger patients (OR = 2.919; 95%CI: 1.682-5.067; p < 0.005) were associated with a higher risk of HPV-related OSCC. Tobacco consumption had a proportional lower risk of HPV-related OSCC (OR = 0.152; 95%CI: 0063-0.366; p < 0.005). Conclusion We observed an increasing prevalence of HPV-related OSCC in a specialized cancer hospital in Brazil.

Peptic ulcer frequency differences related to h. Pylori or aines.

BACKGROUND: Peptic ulcer etiology has been changing because of H. pylori decline. OBJECTIVES: To estimate peptic ulcer prevalence in 10 years-interval and compare the association with H. pylori and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Methods Records assessment in two periods: A (1997-2000) and B (2007-2010), searching for peptic ulcer, H. pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use. RESULTS: Peptic ulcer occurred in 30.35% in A and in 20.19% in B. H. pylori infection occurred in 73.3% cases in A and in 46.4% in B. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use was 3.5% in A and 13.3% in B. Neither condition occurred in 10.4% and 20.5% in A and B respectively. Comparing both periods, we observed reduction of peptic ulcer associated to H. pylori (P=0.000), increase of peptic ulcer related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (P=0.000) and idiopathic peptic ulcer (P=0.002). The concurrent association of H. pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was also higher in B (P=0.002). Rates of gastric ulcer were higher and duodenal ulcer lower in the second period. CONCLUSIONS: After 10 years, the prevalence of peptic ulcer decreased, as well as ulcers related to H. pylori whereas ulcers associated to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increased. There was an inversion in the pattern of gastric and duodenal ulcer and a rise of idiopathic peptic ulcer.

Peptic ulcer frqquency differences related to h. pylori or aines / Diferentes frequências da úlcera péptica relacionadas com H. pylori ou AINES

Background Peptic ulcer etiology has been changing because of H. pylori decline. Objectives To estimate peptic ulcer prevalence in 10 years-interval and compare the association with H. pylori and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Methods Records assessment in two periods: A (1997-2000) and B (2007-2010), searching for peptic ulcer, H. pylori infection and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use. Results Peptic ulcer occurred in 30.35% in A and in 20.19% in B. H. pylori infection occurred in 73.3% cases in A and in 46.4% in B. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use was 3.5% in A and 13.3% in B. Neither condition occurred in 10.4% and 20.5% in A and B respectively. Comparing both periods, we observed reduction of peptic ulcer associated to H. pylori (P=0.000), increase of peptic ulcer related to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (P=0.000) and idiopathic peptic ulcer (P=0.002). The concurrent association of H. pylori and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was also higher in B (P=0.002). Rates of gastric ulcer were higher and duodenal ulcer lower in the second period. Conclusions After 10 years, the prevalence of peptic ulcer decreased, as well as ulcers related to H. pylori whereas ulcers associated to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increased. There was an inversion in the pattern of gastric and duodenal ulcer and a rise of idiopathic peptic ulcer. .

Contexto A etiologia da úcera péptica vem apresentando mudanças devido à redução da infecção pelo H. pylori. Objetivos Estimar a prevalência da úlcera péptica em dois períodos com intervalo de 10 anos e comparar a associação com a infecção pelo H. pylori com o uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroides. Métodos Revisão de prontuários em dois períodos: A (1997-2000) e B (2007-2010), com busca por úlcera péptica, H. pylori e uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (AINE). Resultados Úcera péptica apresentou frequência de 30,35% em A e 20,19% em B. Infecção por H. pylori ocorreu em 73,3% em A e em 46,4% em B. Uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroides ocorreu em 3,5% em A e em 13,3% em B. Nenhuma dessas condições esteve associada em 10,4% e 20,5% das úlceras em A e B, respectivamente. Comparando os dois períodos, houve redução da úlcera péptica associada à H. pylori (P=0,000), aumento das úlceras associadas ao uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroides (P=0,000) e aumento de úlceras idiopáticas (P=0,002). A associação concomitante de H. pylori e anti-inflamatórios não esteroides foi também mais alta em B (P=0,002). Úlceras gástricas aumentaram e úlceras duodenais diminuíram em B. Conclusões No intervalo de 10 anos, a prevalência de úlcera péptica diminuiu assim como as úlceras relacionadas com H. pylori e houve um aumento das úlceras associadas ao uso de anti-inflamatórios não esteroides. Houve inversão na frequência das lesões gástricas e duodenais e aumento da prevalência da úlcera idiopática. .