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1.
Nature ; 466(7310): 1085-8, 2010 Aug 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20740010

RESUMO

Pairs of asteroids sharing similar heliocentric orbits, but not bound together, were found recently. Backward integrations of their orbits indicated that they separated gently with low relative velocities, but did not provide additional insight into their formation mechanism. A previously hypothesized rotational fission process may explain their formation-critical predictions are that the mass ratios are less than about 0.2 and, as the mass ratio approaches this upper limit, the spin period of the larger body becomes long. Here we report photometric observations of a sample of asteroid pairs, revealing that the primaries of pairs with mass ratios much less than 0.2 rotate rapidly, near their critical fission frequency. As the mass ratio approaches 0.2, the primary period grows long. This occurs as the total energy of the system approaches zero, requiring the asteroid pair to extract an increasing fraction of energy from the primary's spin in order to escape. We do not find asteroid pairs with mass ratios larger than 0.2. Rotationally fissioned systems beyond this limit have insufficient energy to disrupt. We conclude that asteroid pairs are formed by the rotational fission of a parent asteroid into a proto-binary system, which subsequently disrupts under its own internal system dynamics soon after formation.

2.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) ; 44(5): 410-4, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26657170

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Human bocavirus (HBoV) was recently discovered and identified as an important cause of respiratory infection in young children. However, the relationship between HBoV-bronchiolitis and the development of recurrent wheezing has not yet been established. OBJECTIVE: We designed this study in order to describe the mid-term outcome, regarding the development of recurrent wheezing and asthma of HBoV-bronchiolitis patients and to compare it with RSV-bronchiolitis infants. METHODS: We studied 80 children (10 with HBoV and 70 with RSV infection), currently aged ≥4 years and previously hospitalised during the seasons 2004-2009 due to acute bronchiolitis. Epidemiological and clinical data were collected through structured clinical interviews at the follow-up visit. Spirometry and skin prick tests to common food and inhaled allergens were performed. RESULTS: All HBoV-patients developed recurrent wheezing and half of them had asthma at age 5-7 years. Almost 30% required hospital admission for recurrent wheezing. Asthma (odds ratio (OR)=1.28) and current asthma (OR=2.18) were significantly more frequent in children with HBoV-bronchiolitis than in RSV-bronchiolitis. FEV1 values were 99.2±4.8 in HBoV-group vs. 103±11 in RSV-group, p: 0.09. No differences were found with respect to allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, proportion of positive prick tests, and family history of atopy or asthma. CONCLUSIONS: Severe HBoV-bronchiolitis in infancy was strongly associated with asthma at 5-7 years.


Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Bronquiolite Viral/epidemiologia , Bocavirus Humano/imunologia , Infecções por Parvoviridae/epidemiologia , Sons Respiratórios , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/epidemiologia , Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano/imunologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Recidiva , Testes Cutâneos , Espirometria
3.
J Gen Virol ; 96(8): 2074-2078, 2015 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25918237

RESUMO

Influenza epidemics affect all age groups, although children, the elderly and those with underlying medical conditions are the most severely affected. Whereas co-morbidities are present in 50% of fatal cases, 25-50% of deaths are in apparently healthy individuals. This suggests underlying genetic determinants that govern infection severity. Although some viral factors that contribute to influenza disease are known, the role of host genetic factors remains undetermined. Data for small cohorts of influenza-infected patients are contradictory regarding the potential role of chemokine receptor 5 deficiency (CCR5-Δ32 mutation, a 32 bp deletion in the CCR5 gene) in the outcome of influenza virus infection. We tested 171 respiratory samples from influenza patients (2009 pandemic) for CCR5-Δ32 and evaluated its correlation with patient mortality. CCR5-Δ32 patients (17.4%) showed a higher mortality rate than WT individuals (4.7%; P = 0.021), which indicates that CCR5-Δ32 patients are at higher risk than the normal population of a fatal outcome in influenza infection.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/fisiologia , Influenza Humana/genética , Influenza Humana/mortalidade , Receptores CCR5/deficiência , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Feminino , Deleção de Genes , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Genótipo , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Influenza Humana/metabolismo , Influenza Humana/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Receptores CCR5/genética , Adulto Jovem
4.
Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) ; 43(5): 469-73, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25456533

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Respiratory viral infections are a major cause of hospitalisation in infants <1 year and might cause severe symptoms in preterm infants. Our aim was to analyse admissions due to respiratory infections in moderate, late and term infants, and to identify risk factors for hospitalisation in preterm versus term. METHODS: Prospective study in a cohort of moderate and late preterm, and term infants born between October/2011 and December/2012. Admissions due to respiratory infections during the first year of life were analysed and compared among moderate (32-33), late (34-36) and term infants. Sixteen respiratory viruses were detected by RT-PCR. Clinical data were collected. RESULTS: 30 (20.9%) out of 143 preterm infants required admission for respiratory infection, versus 129 (6.9%) of 1858 term infants born in the same period (p<0.0001, OR: 3.6 CI 2.0 to 5.0). Hospitalised children had a higher prevalence of hyaline membrane disease (HMD) at birth (p<0.001, OR: 7.7 CI: 2.121 to 27.954) and needed more mechanical ventilation (p<0.001, OR: 5.7 CI: 1.813 to 18.396). Virus was identified in 25/30 (83%) preterm babies, and in 110/129 (85%) term infants. The most frequent viruses in preterm infants were RSV (76%) rhinovirus (20%). Clinical and epidemiological characteristics among term and preterm infants were similar. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of respiratory admissions during the first year of life is up to 3.6 times higher in moderate and late preterm. Once admitted, clinical features of respiratory episodes requiring hospitalisation are similar among term and preterm infants. Hyaline membrane disease and mechanical ventilation were also risk factors for respiratory admissions.


Assuntos
Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças do Prematuro/epidemiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Viroses/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Doenças do Prematuro/diagnóstico , Doenças do Prematuro/etiologia , Doenças do Prematuro/terapia , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Infecções Respiratórias/etiologia , Infecções Respiratórias/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Nascimento a Termo , Viroses/diagnóstico , Viroses/etiologia , Viroses/terapia
5.
Euro Surveill ; 20(28)2015 Jul 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26212144

RESUMO

We aimed to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) against laboratory-confirmed influenza during three influenza seasons (2010/11 to 2012/2013) in Spain using surveillance data and to compare the results with data obtained by the cycEVA study, the Spanish component of the Influenza Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness (I-MOVE) network. We used the test-negative case­control design, with data from the Spanish Influenza Sentinel Surveillance System (SISS) or from the cycEVA study. Cases were laboratory-confirmed influenza patients with the predominant influenza virus of each season, and controls were those testing negative for any influenza virus. We calculated the overall and age-specific adjusted VE. Although the number of patients recorded in the SISS was three times higher than that in the cycEVA study, the quality of information for important variables, i.e. vaccination status and laboratory results, was high in both studies. Overall, the SISS and cycEVA influenza VE estimates were largely similar during the study period. For elderly patients (> 59 years), the SISS estimates were slightly lower than those of cycEVA, and estimates for children (0­14 years) were higher using SISS in two of the three seasons studied. Enhancing the SISS by collecting the date of influenza vaccination and reducing the percentage of patients with incomplete information would optimise the system to provide reliable annual influenza VE estimates to guide influenza vaccination policies.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Espanha/epidemiologia , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
6.
Neuroimage ; 86: 470-9, 2014 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24185019

RESUMO

To perceive a coherent environment, incomplete or overlapping visual forms must be integrated into meaningful coherent percepts, a process referred to as "Gestalt" formation or perceptual completion. Increasing evidence suggests that this process engages oscillatory neuronal activity in a distributed neuronal assembly. A separate line of evidence suggests that Gestalt formation requires top-down feedback from higher order brain regions to early visual cortex. Here we combine magnetoencephalography (MEG) and effective connectivity analysis in the frequency domain to specifically address the effective coupling between sources of oscillatory brain activity during Gestalt formation. We demonstrate that perceptual completion of two-tone "Mooney" faces induces increased gamma frequency band power (55-71Hz) in human early visual, fusiform and parietal cortices. Within this distributed neuronal assembly fusiform and parietal gamma oscillators are coupled by forward and backward connectivity during Mooney face perception, indicating reciprocal influences of gamma activity between these higher order visual brain regions. Critically, gamma band oscillations in early visual cortex are modulated by top-down feedback connectivity from both fusiform and parietal cortices. Thus, we provide a mechanistic account of Gestalt perception in which gamma oscillations in feature sensitive and spatial attention-relevant brain regions reciprocally drive one another and convey global stimulus aspects to local processing units at low levels of the sensory hierarchy by top-down feedback. Our data therefore support the notion of inverse hierarchical processing within the visual system underlying awareness of coherent percepts.


Assuntos
Atenção/fisiologia , Mapeamento Encefálico/métodos , Ondas Encefálicas/fisiologia , Rede Nervosa/fisiologia , Reconhecimento Visual de Modelos/fisiologia , Córtex Visual/fisiologia , Adulto , Retroalimentação Fisiológica/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino
7.
Euro Surveill ; 19(6)2014 Feb 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24556347

RESUMO

We estimate mid-2013/14 season vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the influenza trivalent vaccine in Navarre, Spain. Influenza-like illness cases attended in hospital (n=431) and primary healthcare (n=344) were included. The overall adjusted VE in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza was 24% (95% CI: -14 to 50). The VE was 40% (95% CI: -12 to 68) against influenza A(H1)pdm09 and 13% (95% CI: -36 to 45) against influenza A(H3). These results suggest a moderate preventive effect against influenza A(H1)pdm09 and low protection against influenza A(H3).


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Vacinas contra Influenza/uso terapêutico , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Laboratórios , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Estações do Ano , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , Espanha/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
8.
Euro Surveill ; 19(27): 14-20, 2014 Jul 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25033052

RESUMO

The Y155H amino acid substitution in the neuraminidase gene (NA) has previously been associated with highly reduced inhibition by neuraminidase inhibitors in the seasonal H1N1 influenza A virus which circulated in humans before the 2009 pandemic. During the 2012/13 epidemic season in Spain, two A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses bearing the specific Y155H substitution in the NA were detected and isolated from two patients diagnosed with severe respiratory syndrome and pneumonia requiring admission to the intensive care unit. Contrary to what was observed in the seasonal A(H1N1) viruses, neither of the Y155H A(H1N1) pdm09 viruses described here showed a phenotype of reduced inhibition by NAIs as determined by the neuraminidase enzyme inhibition assay (MUNANA). High-throughput sequencing of the NA of both Y155H viruses showed that they were composed to >99% of H155 variants. We believe that this report can contribute to a better understanding of the biological significance of amino acid substitutions in the neuraminidase protein with regard to susceptibility of influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors. This is of critical importance for optimal management of influenza disease patients.


Assuntos
Substituição de Aminoácidos/genética , Antivirais/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/efeitos dos fármacos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Neuraminidase/genética , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Farmacorresistência Viral/genética , Inibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Técnicas Imunoenzimáticas , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Oseltamivir/farmacologia , Oseltamivir/uso terapêutico , Pandemias , Fenótipo , RNA Viral/genética , Estações do Ano , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Espanha/epidemiologia , Proteínas Virais , Zanamivir/farmacologia , Zanamivir/uso terapêutico
9.
Euro Surveill ; 19(9)2014 Mar 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24626206

RESUMO

Adjusted early estimates of the 2013/14 influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in Spain for all age groups was 35% (95% CI: -9 to 62), 33% (95% CI: -33 to 67) and 28% (95% CI: -33 to 61) against any influenza virus type, A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) viruses, respectively. For the population targeted for vaccination, the adjusted VE was 44% (95% CI: -11 to 72), 36% (95% CI: -64 to 75) and 42% (95% CI: -29 to 74), respectively. These preliminary results in Spain suggest a suboptimal protective effect of the vaccine against circulating influenza viruses.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Espanha/epidemiologia , Vacinação , Adulto Jovem
10.
J Med Virol ; 85(3): 554-62, 2013 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23239485

RESUMO

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of viruses causing aseptic meningitis, meningoencephalitis, and encephalitis in Spain. This was a prospective study, in collaboration with 17 Spanish hospitals, including 581 cases (CSF from all and sera from 280): meningitis (340), meningoencephalitis (91), encephalitis (76), febrile syndrome (7), other neurological disorders (32), and 35 cases without clinical information. CSF were assayed by PCR for enterovirus (EV), herpesvirus (herpes simplex [HSV], varicella-zoster [VZV], cytomegalovirus [CMV], Epstein-Barr [EBV], and human herpes virus-6 [HHV-6]), mumps (MV), Toscana virus (TOSV), adenovirus (HAdV), lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), West Nile virus (WNV), and rabies. Serology was undertaken when methodology was available. Amongst meningitis cases, 57.1% were characterized; EV was the most frequent (76.8%), followed by VZV (10.3%) and HSV (3.1%; HSV-1: 1.6%; HSV-2: 1.0%, HSV non-typed: 0.5%). Cases due to CMV, EBV, HHV-6, MV, TOSV, HAdV, and LCMV were also detected. For meningoencephalitis, 40.7% of cases were diagnosed, HSV-1 (43.2%) and VZV (27.0%) being the most frequent agents, while cases associated with HSV-2, EV, CMV, MV, and LCMV were also detected. For encephalitis, 27.6% of cases were caused by HSV-1 (71.4%), VZV (19.1%), or EV (9.5%). Other positive neurological syndromes included cerebellitis (EV and HAdV), seizures (HSV), demyelinating disease (HSV-1 and HHV-6), myelopathy (VZV), and polyradiculoneuritis (HSV). No rabies or WNV cases were identified. EVs are the most frequent cause of meningitis, as is HSV for meningoencephalitis and encephalitis. A significant number of cases (42.9% meningitis, 59.3% meningoencephalitis, 72.4% encephalitis) still have no etiological diagnosis.


Assuntos
Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/epidemiologia , Infecções do Sistema Nervoso Central/virologia , Viroses/epidemiologia , Viroses/virologia , Vírus/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Vírus/classificação , Adulto Jovem
11.
Euro Surveill ; 18(5)2013 Jan 31.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23399423

RESUMO

This study evaluates the influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing laboratory-confirmed cases in Navarre, Spain, in the 2011/12 season in which the peak was delayed until week 7 of 2012. We conducted a test-negative case­control study. Patients with influenza-like illness in hospitals and primary healthcare were swabbed for testing by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Influenza vaccination status and other covariates were obtained from healthcare databases. The vaccination status of confirmed cases and negative controls was compared after adjusting for potential confounders. VE was calculated as (1-odds ratio)x100. The 411 confirmed cases (93% influenza A(H3)) were compared with 346 controls. Most characterised viruses did not match the vaccine strains. The adjusted estimate of VE was 31% (95% confidence interval (CI): -21 to 60) for all patients, 44% (95% CI: -11 to 72) for those younger than 65 years and 19% (95% CI: -146 to 73) for those 65 or older. The VE was 61% (95% CI: 5 to 84) in the first 100 days after vaccination, 42% (95% CI: -39 to 75) between 100 and 119 days, and zero thereafter. This decline mainly affected people aged 65 or over. These results suggest a low preventive effect of the 2011/12 seasonal influenza vaccine, and a decline in VE with time since vaccination.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A/genética , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Intervalos de Confiança , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Vírus da Influenza A/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Estações do Ano , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , Espanha/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Vacinação/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto Jovem
12.
Phys Rev Lett ; 108(22): 228701, 2012 Jun 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23003663

RESUMO

We introduce an easily computable topological measure which locates the effective crossover between segregation and integration in a modular network. Segregation corresponds to the degree of network modularity, while integration is expressed in terms of the algebraic connectivity of an associated hypergraph. The rigorous treatment of the simplified case of cliques of equal size that are gradually rewired until they become completely merged, allows us to show that this topological crossover can be made to coincide with a dynamical crossover from cluster to global synchronization of a system of coupled phase oscillators. The dynamical crossover is signaled by a peak in the product of the measures of intracluster and global synchronization, which we propose as a dynamical measure of complexity. This quantity is much easier to compute than the entropy (of the average frequencies of the oscillators), and displays a behavior which closely mimics that of the dynamical complexity index based on the latter. The proposed topological measure simultaneously provides information on the dynamical behavior, sheds light on the interplay between modularity and total integration, and shows how this affects the capability of the network to perform both local and distributed dynamical tasks.


Assuntos
Modelos Teóricos , Integração de Sistemas
13.
Euro Surveill ; 17(12)2012 Mar 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22490308

RESUMO

We present early estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the population targeted for vaccination, during 25 December 2011 to 19 February 2012. The adjusted VE was 55% (95% CI: 3 to 79) against any type of influenza virus and 54% (95% CI: 1 to 79) against influenza A(H3N2) virus. This suggests a moderate protective effect of the vaccine in the targeted population in a late influenza epidemic with limited match between vaccine and circulating strains.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/virologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância de Evento Sentinela , Espanha/epidemiologia , Vacinação , Adulto Jovem
14.
Semergen ; 48(7): 101814, 2022 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36122505

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Prediabetes is a pathological condition where the blood glucose concentration is higher than normal concentrations, but lower than those considered in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Until a few years ago, the prediabetes condition occurred in adults with associated risk factors such as overweight or obesity, sedentary lifestyle, poor eating habits, cardiovascular problems, etc. In recent years it has begun to be detected in children, with the family habits that these children have established becoming increasingly important. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In our study, 29 pre-diabetic children from Pedro Abad, Córdoba, have been evaluated. For this, we have carried out a randomized crossover trial with an intervention group (IG) and a control group (CG), using a dietary intervention with nutritional reinforcement. The main objective of the present study was to determine if the eating habits of pre-diabetic children improved with a dietary intervention based on nutritional education. RESULTS: Through a nutritional evaluation through different tests and visits made to the children, the results corresponding to the first phase of the study, relate an improvement in eating habits and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet by the intervened children. CONCLUSIONS: The eating habits of pre-diabetic children improve with a dietary intervention based on nutritional education, since by providing them with knowledge of the different foods and the contribution of nutrients that they provide us, they can make a better selection of foods.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dieta Mediterrânea , Estado Pré-Diabético , Criança , Adulto , Humanos , Estado Pré-Diabético/terapia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/prevenção & controle , Glicemia , Sobrepeso
16.
Euro Surveill ; 16(11)2011 Mar 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21435330

RESUMO

We present preliminary results of a case-control study to estimate influenza vaccine effectiveness in Spain, from week 50 of 2010 to week 6 of 2011. The adjusted effectiveness of the vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza due to any type of influenza virus was 50% (95% CI: -6 to 77%) for the trivalent seasonal vaccine and 72% (95% CI: 7 to 92%) for both trivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic vaccines, suggesting a protective effect of seasonal vaccination lower than that reported for the previous season.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza B/isolamento & purificação , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Influenza Humana/virologia , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Vigilância da População , Estações do Ano , Espanha/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
17.
Med Intensiva ; 35(4): 208-16, 2011 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21496964

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: During the 2009 influenza pandemic, several reports were published, nevertheless, data on the clinical profiles of critically ill patients with the new virus infection during this second outbreak are still lacking. MATERIAL METHODS: Prospective, observational, multi-center study conducted in 148 Spanish intensive care units (ICU) during epidemiological weeks 50-52 of 2010 and weeks 1 - 4 of 2011. RESULTS: Three hundred patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) with confirmed An/H1N1 infection were analyzed. The median age was 49 years [IQR=38-58] and 62% were male. The mean APACHE II score was 16.9 ± 7.5 and the mean SOFA score was 6.3 ± 3.5 on admission. Comorbidities were present in 76% (n=228) of cases and 111 (37.4%) patients were reportedly obese and 59 (20%) were COPD. The main presentation was viral pneumonia with severe hypoxemia in 65.7% (n=197) of the patients whereas co-infection was identified in 54 (18%) patients. All patients received antiviral treatment and initiated empirically in 194 patients (65.3%), however only 53 patients (17.6%) received early antiviral treatment. Vaccination was only administered in 22 (7.3%) patients. Sixty-seven of 200 patients with ICU discharge died. Haematological disease, severity of illness, infiltrates in chest X-ray and need for mechanical ventilation were variables independently associated with ICU mortality. CONCLUSIONS: In patients admitted to the ICU in the post-pandemic seasonal influenza outbreak vaccination was poorly implemented and appear to have higher frequency of severe comorbidities, severity of illness, incidence of primary viral pneumonia and increased mortality when compared with those observed in the 2009 pandemic outbreak.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Influenza Humana/epidemiologia , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/estatística & dados numéricos , APACHE , Adolescente , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Terapia Combinada , Comorbidade , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/complicações , Influenza Humana/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral/tratamento farmacológico , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/etiologia , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Estudos Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , Respiração Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Choque/tratamento farmacológico , Choque/etiologia , Espanha/epidemiologia , Taxa de Sobrevida , Adulto Jovem
18.
J Exp Med ; 158(4): 1294-306, 1983 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6311935

RESUMO

Three murine tumors induced by Moloney murine leukemia virus (M-MLV) which exhibited loss of some or all H-2 class I antigens at the cell surface were analyzed at the DNA and RNA level with molecular probes specific of H-2 heavy chains and beta 2-microglobulin sequences. No observable difference could be detected at the DNA level between the tumors and the parent animals. However, a decrease in H-2 mRNA was observed, especially in phenotypically H-2 negative tumor, BM5R, where H-2 transcripts were at least 30-fold less abundant. These results show that an H-2-negative character may result from a general alteration in the transcription of H-2 genes, which could reflect some kind of regulatory process.


Assuntos
Antígenos H-2/genética , Leucemia Experimental/imunologia , Linfoma/imunologia , Timoma/imunologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Enzimas de Restrição do DNA/metabolismo , Código Genético , Leucemia Experimental/genética , Linfoma/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Vírus da Leucemia Murina de Moloney/imunologia , RNA Mensageiro/análise , Timoma/genética , Transcrição Gênica , Microglobulina beta-2/genética
19.
Acta Paediatr ; 99(6): 883-7, 2010 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20163373

RESUMO

AIM: We have designed a study with the objective of describing the clinical impact of other viruses different from the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis. METHODS: A 3 year prospective study was conducted on infants admitted to the Paediatrics Department of the Severo Ochoa Hospital (Spain). We studied the frequency of 16 respiratory viruses. Clinical characteristics of RSV-only infections were compared with other single agent viral infections. RESULTS: Positive results were confirmed in 275 (86.5%) of the 318 children studied. A single virus was detected in 196 patients and 79 were dual or multiple viral infections. RSV was detected in 61.3% of total bronchiolitis. Rhinovirus (RV) was 17.4% of the identified virus, followed by human bocavirus (HBoV), adenovirus and metapneumovirus (hMPV). Only RV, HBoV and hMPV were significant as single infections. RSV patients were younger than HBoV (p > 0.0001) and hMPV (p = 0.025). Seasonality was clearly different between them. Children with RSV infection needed treatment in the intensive care unit more frequently than others. CONCLUSIONS: In hospitalized infants, RSV was the most frequent agent in bronchiolitis in winter, but other viruses were present in 47% of the patients. RV, HBoV and hMPV had a significant proportion of single infections. Clinical characteristics were similar amongst them, but seasonality was clearly different.


Assuntos
Bronquiolite Viral/virologia , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/diagnóstico , Vírus/isolamento & purificação , Fatores Etários , Bronquiolite Viral/complicações , Feminino , Hospitalização , Bocavirus Humano/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Lactente , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica , Masculino , Metapneumovirus/isolamento & purificação , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções por Vírus Respiratório Sincicial/complicações , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios/isolamento & purificação , Rhinovirus/isolamento & purificação , Fatores de Risco , Estações do Ano , Espanha
20.
Heliyon ; 6(8): e04699, 2020 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32904217

RESUMO

The objective of this article is to know the state of health of a sample of adolescents and how it relates to toxic habits and personal relationships. Likewise, it is presented how can influence eating habits, sports practice and interpersonal relationships in their general health status. The research has carried out through a survey of 56 questions to 470 adolescents, between 13 and 18 years old, of both sexes, of different schools in the province of Cordoba, Spain. These results have been subjected to a statistical model widely used in health and social sciences in general, called Structural Equations Model (SEM), through the SPSS program, v. 23 and AMOS. SEM is widely used in the social sciences to estimate regression models (usually multi-equational). The estimated model shows a significant global acceptability based on the usual statistical tests and goodness-of-fit measures. In this regard, these results are: CMIN = 17.554 with 33 degrees of freedom (DF) and a probability level, p = 0.987, which is higher than any reasonable level of significance (α = 0.05, 0.10, even 0.20). Likewise, FMIN = 0.038, CFI = 1.000 and RMSEA = 0.000. The main recommendation of this research aimed at improving good eating and healthy habits, and to avoid toxic habits of adolescents, is to begin the education in the family, in coordination with their school and high school.

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