RESUMO
PURPOSE: To examine the relationship between hyperdense artery sign (HAS)/susceptibility vessel sign (SVS) and thrombus composition and evaluate the effect of HAS/SVS status on the association between first-line thrombectomy techniques and outcomes in patients with acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion (LVO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2018 to June 2021, 103 consecutive patients with acute anterior circulation LVO (75 [63.1%] men; median age, 66 years) who underwent thrombectomy and for whom the removed clot was available for histological analyses were retrospectively reviewed. The presence of HAS and SVS was assessed on unenhanced computed tomography (CT) and susceptibility-weighted imaging, respectively. Association of first-line thrombectomy techniques (stent retriever [SR] combined with contact aspiration [CA] vs CA alone) with outcomes was assessed according to HAS/SVS status. RESULTS: Among the included patients, 55 (53.4%) were HAS/SVS-negative, and 69 (67.0%) underwent first-line SR + CA. Higher relative densities of fibrin/platelets (0.56 vs 0.51; P < .001) and lower relative densities of erythrocytes (0.32 vs 0.42; P < .001) were observed in HAS/SVS-negative patients compared with HAS/SVS-positive patients. First-line SR + CA was associated with reduced odds of distal embolization (adjusted odds ratio, 0.18; 95% CI, 0.04-0.83; P = .027) and a more favorable 90-day functional outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 5.29; 95% CI, 1.06-26.34; P = .042) in HAS/SVS-negative patients and a longer recanalization time (53 vs 25 minutes; P = .025) and higher risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage (24.2% vs 0%; P = .044) in HAS/SVS-positive patients. CONCLUSIONS: Absence of HAS/SVS may indicate a higher density of fibrin/platelets in the thrombus, and first-line SR + CA yielded superior functional outcomes than CA alone in patients with acute LVO without HAS/SVS.
Assuntos
Procedimentos Endovasculares , Stents , Trombectomia , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Trombectomia/instrumentação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Resultado do Tratamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sucção , Procedimentos Endovasculares/instrumentação , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Fatores de Risco , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fatores de Tempo , Trombose Intracraniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Intracraniana/terapia , Trombose Intracraniana/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate thrombus age and its association with clinical and procedural parameters in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to anterior circulation occlusions. METHODS: The thrombi of 107 consecutive AIS patients with occlusions in anterior circulation large-arteries were collected during mechanical recanalization. By hematoxylin-eosin staining analysis, thrombi were classified as fresh (< 3 days) or old (≥ 3 days) according to the hemosiderin positivity. Old thrombi were further classified as thrombi with focal hemosiderin or diffuse hemosiderin according to their predominant distribution. Neuro-interventional data and clinical outcomes were compared based on thrombus age. RESULTS: We identified fresh thrombi in 29 patients and old thrombi in 78 patients. Compared with patients with fresh thrombi, patients with old thrombi were associated with (i) a longer mechanical recanalization time (p = 0.027), (ii) a higher percentage of fibrin/platelets and leukocytes (all p = 0.02) and a lower percentage of erythrocytes (p = 0.001), and (iii) less favorable clinical outcomes at discharge (p = 0.019) and 90 days later (OR = 2.76, 95% CI = 1.09-6.99, p = 0.032). Furthermore, 18 (16.8%) of all patients had focal hemosiderin in old thrombi, which was independently linked to a poor clinical outcome 90 days later (adjusted OR = 5.37, 95% CI = 1.14-25.28, p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: The presence of old thrombi, particularly those with focal hemosiderin, may aid in identifying patients with acute ischemic anterior circulation stroke who are at a higher risk of poor clinical outcome at 3-month follow-up.
Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Trombose , Humanos , Hemossiderina , Trombectomia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Trombose/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico por imagem , Isquemia Encefálica/cirurgia , Isquemia Encefálica/complicaçõesRESUMO
MASSAGE has been recommended to more people as an adjunct to health care. We illustrate a case of vertebral artery dissection (VAD) probably caused by massage that almost resulted in the patient's death. The patient experienced sudden cardiac arrest and paralysis. After treatment with anticoagulation and antiplatelet, he finally discharged without any sequelae.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Massagem/efeitos adversos , Inibidores da Agregação Plaquetária/administração & dosagem , Dissecação da Artéria Vertebral , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dissecação da Artéria Vertebral/tratamento farmacológico , Dissecação da Artéria Vertebral/etiologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: Endovascular treatment in severe middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis is controversial owing to high rates of periprocedural complications, especially occlusion of the lenticulostriate arteries (LSA). The characteristics of LSAs and the spatial relationships between MCA plaques and LSAs using the fusion of three-dimensional (3D) digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and magnetic resonance imaging (3D DSA-MRI fusion) were investigated. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 32 ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack patients with severe MCA stenosis, who underwent MRI and DSA within 2 weeks after symptom onset. The patients were divided into culprit and non-culprit MCA stenosis groups. The 3D DSA-MRI fusion was performed on dedicated workstations, which allowed automated overlays of the target vessels. The characteristics of LSAs, plaque distribution and lesion patterns, and their relationships were evaluated. RESULTS: The 3D DSA-MRI fusion image was able to illustrate the spatial relationships between MCA plaques and LSA orifices. Of 42 LSA stems in 32 patients, 10 had MCA plaque over the LSA orifice and were all found in the culprit MCA stenosis group. Over half (51.9%) of the LSA stems in patients with culprit MCA stenosis originated from the stenotic MCA segment. The MCA plaque-LSA orifice spatial relationships were classified into four types, which were significantly different between the two groups (pâ¯= 0.016). CONCLUSION: The 3D DSA-MRI fusion technique enables visualization of the LSA orifice and MCA plaque and their spatial relationships. This classification of the type of spatial relationships can provide insights into the pathogenesis of MCA stroke and useful guides for treatment strategies.
Assuntos
Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Artéria Cerebral Média , Angiografia Digital , Constrição Patológica , Humanos , Imageamento Tridimensional , Angiografia por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Artéria Cerebral Média/diagnóstico por imagem , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Myocardial injury and dysfunction are critical manifestations of sepsis. Previous studies have reported that liver X receptor (LXR) activation is protective during sepsis. However, whether LXR activation protects against septic heart injury and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study was designed to determine the role of LXR activation in the septic heart with a focus on SIRT1 (silent information regulator 1) signaling. Male cardiac-specific SIRT1 knockout mice (SIRT1-/-) and their wild-type littermates were subjected to sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in the presence or absence of LXR agonist T0901317. The survival rate of mice was recorded during the 7-day period post CLP. Our results demonstrated that SIRT1-/- mice suffered from exacerbated mortality and myocardial injury in comparison with their wild-type littermates. Meanwhile, T0901317 treatment improved mice survival, accompanied by significant ameliorations of myocardial injury and dysfunction in wild-type mice but not in SIRT1-/- mice. Furthermore, the levels of myocardial inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1ß, MCP-1, MPO and HMGB1), oxidative stress (ROS generation, MDA), endoplasmic-reticulum (ER) stress (protein levels of CHOP, GRP78, GRP94, IRE1α, and ATF6), and cardiac apoptosis following CLP were inhibited by T0901317 treatment in wild-type mice but not in SIRT1-/- mice. Mechanistically, T0901317 enhanced SIRT1 signaling and the subsequent deacetylation and activation of antioxidative FoxO1 and anti-ER stress HSF1, as well as the deacetylation and inhibition of pro-inflammatory NF-ΚB and pro-apoptotic P53, thereby alleviating sepsis-induced myocardial injury and dysfunction. Our data support the promise of LXR activation as an effective strategy for relieving heart septic injury.
Assuntos
Anticolesterolemiantes/farmacologia , Traumatismos Cardíacos/tratamento farmacológico , Hidrocarbonetos Fluorados/farmacologia , Receptores X do Fígado/genética , Sepse/tratamento farmacológico , Sirtuína 1/genética , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Animais , Quimiocina CCL2/genética , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismo , Chaperona BiP do Retículo Endoplasmático , Proteína Forkhead Box O1/genética , Proteína Forkhead Box O1/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Proteína HMGB1/genética , Proteína HMGB1/metabolismo , Traumatismos Cardíacos/genética , Traumatismos Cardíacos/mortalidade , Traumatismos Cardíacos/patologia , Fatores de Transcrição de Choque Térmico/genética , Fatores de Transcrição de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/metabolismo , Interleucina-1beta/genética , Interleucina-1beta/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/genética , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Receptores X do Fígado/agonistas , Receptores X do Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Knockout , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miocárdio/patologia , Peroxidase/genética , Peroxidase/metabolismo , Sepse/genética , Sepse/mortalidade , Sepse/patologia , Transdução de Sinais , Sirtuína 1/deficiência , Análise de Sobrevida , Fator de Transcrição CHOP/genética , Fator de Transcrição CHOP/metabolismo , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/genética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/metabolismoRESUMO
Background and Aims: Angiogenesis is an important pathological process during progression of plaque formation, which can result in plaque hemorrhage and vulnerability. This study aims to explore non-invasive imaging of angiogenesis in atherosclerotic plaque through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) by using GEBP11 peptide targeted magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis. Methods: The dual-modality imaging probe was constructed by coupling 2, 3-dimercaptosuccinnic acid-coated paramagnetic nanoparticles (DMSA-MNPs) and the PET 68Ga chelator 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-N, N', N''-triacetic acid (NOTA) to GEBP11 peptide. The atherosclerosis model was induced in New Zealand white rabbits by abdominal aorta balloon de-endothelialization and atherogenic diet for 12 weeks. The plaque areas in abdominal artery were detected by ultrasound imaging and Oil Red O staining. Immunofluorescence staining and Prussian blue staining were applied respectively to investigate the affinity of GEBP11 peptide. MTT and flow cytometric analysis were performed to detect the effects of NGD-MNPs on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis in Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vivo MRI and PET imaging of atherosclerotic plaque were carried out at different time points after intravenous injection of nanoparticles. Results: The NGD-MNPs with hydrodynamic diameter of 130.8 nm ± 7.1 nm exhibited good imaging properties, high stability, low immunogenicity and little cytotoxicity. In vivo PET/MR imaging revealed that 68Ga-NGD-MNPs were successfully applied to visualize atherosclerotic plaque angiogenesis in the rabbit abdominal aorta. Prussian blue and CD31 immunohistochemical staining confirmed that NGD-MNPs were well co-localized within the blood vessels' plaques. Conclusion:68Ga-NGD-MNPs might be a promising MR and PET dual imaging probe for visualizing the vulnerable plaques.
Assuntos
Aterosclerose/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imagem Multimodal/métodos , Nanopartículas/metabolismo , Peptídeos/química , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/farmacocinética , Animais , Feminino , Radioisótopos de Gálio/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 1 Anel , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Nanopartículas/química , Neovascularização Fisiológica , Coelhos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/efeitos adversos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos/síntese química , Succímero/química , Distribuição TecidualRESUMO
Polysaccharides are natural polymer compounds composed of monosaccharides,which are widely found in traditional Chinese medicines( TCM) and work as one of the important active ingredients in TCM. Modern pharmacological studies reported that TCM polysaccharides had many functions such as anti-tumor,immunologic enhancement,intestinal microenvironment regulation and anti-oxidation. At present,TCM polysaccharide preparations such as Astragalus polysaccharide injection,Ginseng polysaccharide injection and Poria cocos polysaccharide oral liquid have been widely applied for clinical use. Besides,Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide,Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharide,Acanthopanax senticosus polysaccharide and some other TCM polysaccharides also have received widespread attention and research because of their good biological activities. Meanwhile,more and more attention has been paid to the TCM polysaccharides and their preparations,illumination of mechanisms,and development of corresponding preparations which meet clinical standards. However,due to the complex structure of TCM polysaccharides,their structure analysis is difficult,with only a few reports on the stability and quality control of polysaccharides and their preparations. As a result,it will impede the development of new polysaccharide drugs and reduce the application value of polysaccharides. In order to provide an effective basis for the formulation development and quality control of TCM polysaccharides,the research progress on the stability of TCM polysaccharides and their preparations were reviewed in this paper from the classification of TCM polysaccharides,the existing application and the analytical method of TCM polysaccharides.