Performance of a pre-procedural Mehran score to predict acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention.

AIM: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known complication of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization or percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).The Mehran score was developed to identify patients at risk for AKI after cardiac catheterization or PCI, but its use of contrast volume as part of the score calculation limits its application prior to the procedure. In this study, we evaluated the utility of a modified Mehran score that utilizes only pre-procedural data by excluding contrast volume. METHODS: This was done in a retrospective fashion using data from patients who received PCI at our institution between July 2015 and December 2017 by evaluating the discriminative ability of the scoring systems for predicting outcomes through a receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: One thousand five hundred and seven patients were included in the study. A total of 70 (4.6%) patients developed AKI. The removal of contrast volume from the Mehran score resulted in a small loss of discrimination with AUROC 0.73 vs 0.74, P = .01 for the pre-procedural Mehran and the original Mehran, respectively. When compared to the original score, the pre-procedural Mehran score had a four-category net discrimination index (NRI) of -0.10 and an integrated discrimination index (IDI) for of -0.12. CONCLUSION: Despite a small loss in discrimination, there was no difference in the four-category net discrimination index between the two scores. The pre-procedural modified Mehran score is a useful clinical predictor of the risk of AKI in patients undergoing PCI.

Case report: left atrial Myxoma causing elevated C-reactive protein, fatigue and fever, with literature review.

BACKGROUND: A cardiac myxoma in a young person may pose a diagnostic challenge as symptoms may be variable and the differential diagnosis is wide. The differential diagnosis can include rheumatic mitral valve disease, pulmonary hypertension, endocarditis, myocarditis and vasculitis. CASE PRESENTATION: This case report involves a 49 years old female with a 2.8 cm × 3.4 cm myxoma in the left atrium causing mitral valve obstruction. She presented with fatigue, fever of unknown origin, transient ischemic attack and shortness of breath. Prompt surgery is often recommended due to the risk of embolic complications or complete obstruction. Due to her symptoms, patient underwent successful cardiothoracic surgery to excise the myxoma within 2 weeks of confirmation by cardiac echocardiography. CONCLUSION: This case also emphasizes the diagnostic challenge as symptoms may be variable, ranging from fatigue, fever and shortness of breath to transient ischemic attack and at worst, sudden cardiac death. In conclusion, if a cardiac mass is suspected, echocardiography should be performed early. Surgical resection is curative and recurrence rate is very rare in sporadic isolated myxomas, however, recurrence can be higher in genetic diseases associated with increased frequency of myxomas such as Carney complex. This subpopulation of patients may present further research opportunity to learn more about the perioperative management of patients with myxomas such as determining the optimal time to surgical intervention and decision to anticoagulate.

Comparison of the Performance of the NCDR CathPCI Score and Mehran Score to Predict Acute Kidney Injury Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.

Background: A comparison of acute kindney injury (AKI) post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) prediction models is lacking. In this study, we aim to compare the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) CathPCI score to the Mehran score in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) vs non-ACS patients. Methods: We included patients who received PCI at our facility between July 2015 and December 2017. We excluded patients without a pre- and/or post-PCI serum creatinine, patients on dialysis at the time of PCI and patients with missing variables required to calculate the predictive scoring model. The primary outcome of this study was AKI post-PCI. Performance of the NCDR CathPCI score and the Mehran score were evaluated by comparing the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUROC) for both scores. Results: The analysis included 1,507 patients. In non-ACS patients, the Mehran score performed better than the NCDR CathPCI score with AUROC 0.75 and 0.68 respectively (p=0.014). When categorized into 4 risk groups, a Mehran score ≥ 2 had a sensitivity of 86% and a Mehran score of ≥ 3 had a specificity of 83% in non-ACS patients. In contrast, when the NCDR CathPCI score was categorized into risk groups, it was not able to predict the risk of AKI (p=0.78) with sensitivity of 0% for the intermediate and high risk group. In ACS patients, the NCDR CathPCI score was superior in predicting the risk for AKI with AUROC 0.79 versus 0.74 (p=.019). Conclusion: In predicting AKI post-PCI, the NCDR CathPCI score performed better in ACS populations, and the Mehran score performed better in the non-ACS population.