Determinants of Acute Respiratory Infection Among Children Under-Five Years in Indonesia.

BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infection (ARI) among children under five years has been identified as a risk factor for child morbidity, leading to child mortality in Indonesia. Many factors may cause ARI; however, determinants associated with ARI remain unclear in Indonesia. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to analyze the determinants of ARI among children aged under five years in Indonesia. METHODS: This study was cross-sectional and utilized secondary data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). A total of 15,993 children under five years old were selected as respondents. Chi-squared test and binary logistic regression were used to examine the determinants of ARI among children under five years in Indonesia. RESULTS: Children aged 1 year [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.04-1.97], children aged 2 years [OR = 1.54, 95% CI = 1.12-2.11], mother's occupation [OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.01-2.154], poorest wealth index [OR = 1.91, 95% CI = 1.26-2.89], poor [OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.01-2.21], region of residence: Western Indonesia [OR = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.28-2.00], Middle of Indonesia [OR = 2.19, 95% CI = 1.44-3.33] were significantly associated with ARI among children under five years in Indonesia. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed that the determinants of ARI among children under five years in Indonesia remain related to the socio-demographic aspect. This research highlighted that the family's and the living area's wealth index remains essential in improving children's health outcomes. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Our findings support increasing awareness of the low-income family through adequate information and health promotion. Advancing the feasibility, accessibility, and affordability of health information and health services across all Indonesian regions should be strengthened.

Healthcare-seeking behavior for children aged 0-59 months: Evidence from 2002-2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Surveys.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Healthcare-seeking behavior for children is crucial for reducing disease severity. Such behavior can improve child health outcomes and prevent child morbidity and mortality. The present study sought to analyze the determinants of mothers' engagement in healthcare-seeking behavior for children with common childhood diseases, focusing on mothers of children aged 0-59 months in Indonesia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study comprised a secondary data analysis using the 2002-2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) databases. We included all women surveyed aged 15-49 years old who had children under five years of age. We weighted the univariate, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis of healthcare-seeking behavior for children aged 0-59 months. RESULTS: We analyzed data for 24,529 women whose children were under five years of age at the time of survey. Common diseases, such as diarrhea, fever, and acute respiratory infection (ARI) were the most frequently cited reasons for healthcare-seeking behavior. During 2002-2017, the proportion of mothers seeking healthcare for their children with diarrhea increased from 67.70% to 69.88%, that with fever increased from 61.48% to 71.64% and that ARI increased from 64.01% to 76.75%. Multivariate analysis revealed that child's age, child's birth order, mother's education, ability to meet expenses, distance to nearest healthcare facility, wealth index, place of residence, and region of residence, were significantly associated with healthcare-seeking behavior. CONCLUSION: Various individual and environmental-level factors influence healthcare-seeking behavior for childhood diseases. Available, accessible, and affordable health service facilities are recommended to assist socio-economically and geographically disadvantaged families.

Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors Associated with Knowledge and Attitude of HIV/AIDS among Women Aged 15-49 Years Old in Indonesia.

Women's susceptibility to HIV/AIDS infection is related to socio-economic and demographic factors. This study sought to analyze socio-economic and demographic factors related to knowledge and attitude of HIV/AIDS among women aged 15-49 years old in Indonesia. We conducted a secondary data analysis using the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS). Among 49,627 women, our study analyzed 25,895 women aged 15-49 years familiar with HIV terminology. Multiple logistic regression was utilized to analyze associations between socio-economic and demographic factors with knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. Women's age, education level, wealth quintile, residential area and region, access to information, owning cell phones and autonomy were significantly associated with positive knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS. These findings revealed that several demographical and social factors contribute to knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS among women aged 15-49 years in Indonesia.

Analysis of antenatal care, intranatal care and postnatal care utilization: Findings from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Maternal healthcare utilization by young women and adolescent girls is associated with maternal health outcomes and plays a critical role in reducing maternal mortality rates in low- and middle-income countries. This study sought to analyze current data on antenatal care (ANC), intranatal care (INC), and postnatal care (PNC) utilization with a focus on mothers aged 15-24 years in Indonesia. METHODS: This study was a secondary analysis of data from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey. The unit data analyzed 2,584 mothers aged 15-24 years who had delivered babies within the five-year period preceding the survey. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression utilizing descriptive statistics were used to explore correlations between the independent variables and ANC, INC, and PNC visits. RESULTS: Among the mothers included in the study, the prevalence of service utilization was 90.9% for ANC, 79.4% for INC, and 68.9% for PNC. Women's age, education level, number and birth order of children, difference in age between the mother and her husband, her husband's occupation, wealth index, access to the health service, and regional factors were significantly associated with the utilization of ANC, INC, and PNC services. CONCLUSION: This study provides insights for policymakers on how to strengthen healthcare policies and laws with the aim to improve maternal healthcare services for mothers aged 15-24 years. To improve maternal healthcare utilization among young mothers, national policy should focus on service equality, accessibility, and reliable implementation.