RESUMO
Several studies showed that the orphan Bombesin Receptor Subtype-3 (BRS-3) - member of the bombesin receptor family - has an important role in glucose homeostasis (v.g.: BRS-3-KO mice developed mild obesity, and decreased levels of BRS-3 mRNA/protein have been described in muscle from obese (OB) and type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients). In this work, to gain insight into BRS-3 receptor cell signaling pathways, and its implication on glucose metabolism, primary cultured myocytes from normal subjects, OB or T2D patients were tested using high affinity ligand - [d-Tyr(6),ß-Ala(11),Phe(13),Nle(14)]bombesin6-14. In muscle cells from all metabolic conditions, the compound significantly increased not only MAPKs, p90RSK1, PKB and p70s6K phosphorylation levels, but also PI3K activity; moreover, it produced a dose-response stimulation of glycogen synthase a activity and glycogen synthesis. Myocytes from OB and T2D patients were more sensitive to the ligand than normal, and T2D cells even more than obese myocytes. These results widen the knowledge of human BRS-3 cell signaling pathways induced by a BRS-3 agonist, described its insulin-mimetic effects on glucose metabolism, showed the role of BRS-3 receptor in glucose homeostasis, and also propose the employing of BRS-3/ligand system, as participant in the obese and diabetic therapies.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Glucose/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/metabolismo , Obesidade/metabolismo , Receptores da Bombesina/fisiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Bombesina/farmacologia , Células Cultivadas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patologia , Feminino , Glicogênio/biossíntese , Glicogênio Sintase/metabolismo , Homeostase , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por Mitógeno/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares Esqueléticas/efeitos dos fármacos , Obesidade/patologia , Fragmentos de Peptídeos/farmacologia , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Fosforilação , Processamento de Proteína Pós-Traducional , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Receptores da Bombesina/agonistas , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 70-kDa/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 90-kDa/metabolismo , Transdução de SinaisRESUMO
Amylin displays osteogenic features, but its role in diabetic osteopenia is unclear. We examined the possible osteogenic action of amylin infusion for 3days into fructose-induced insulin-resistant (IR) and streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic (T2D) and normal (N) rats. Amylin failed to affect glycaemia or parathyroid hormone levels in any group, but reduced hyperinsulinemia in IR rats. In N rats, amylin increased bone formation rate and reduced osteoclast surface and erosive surface in the femoral metaphysis, and increased osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of NFκB ligand (RANKL) mRNA ratio in the tibia. In T2D rats, amylin normalized trabecular structure parameters and increased osteoblast number and osteocalcin (OC) expression in long bones. In contrast, in IR rats, no apparent osteogenic effect of amylin in the femur was observed, although both OC and OPG/RANKL ratio were increased in the tibia. Our findings demonstrate a different osteogenic efficacy of amylin in two diabetic settings.