Conjugated Poly(ionic liquid)-Based Nanoporous Membrane for Rapid Moisture Response.

Stimuli-responsive nanoporous materials represent a newly emerging category of functional materials, for which instant and significant response behavior is strongly demanded but still challenging. Herein, a new kind of conjugated poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) synthesized via a simple one-pot spontaneous nucleophilic substitution and polymerization between 4,4'-vinylenedipyridine and propargyl bromide is reported. A nanoporous membrane actuator is further developed via ionic complexation between the current PIL and trimesic acid. The actuator carries a gradient density in the hydrophobicity content along the membrane cross-section, which results in a fast response to moisture.

Design and Application of Thymol Electrochemical Sensor Based on the PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNTs Composite.

In this study, the preparation of covalent polyoxometalate organic frameworks (CPOFs) is introduced using the idea of polyoxometalate and covalent organic frameworks. Firstly, the prepared polyoxometalate was functionalized with an amine group (NH2-POM-NH2), and then the CPOFs were prepared by a solvothermal Schiff base reaction with NH2-POM-NH2 and 2,4,6-trihydroxybenzene-1,3,5-tricarbaldehyde (Tp) as monomers. After the incorporation of PtNPs and MWCNTs into the CPOFs material, the PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNTs nanocomposites, which possess excellent catalytic activity and electrical conductivity, were formed and utilized as new electrode materials for the electrochemical thymol sensors. The obtained PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNTs composite exhibits excellent activity toward thymol, which is attributable to its large special surface area, good conductivity and the synergistic catalysis of each component. Under optimal experimental conditions, the sensor presented a good electrochemical response to thymol. The sensor shows two good linear relationships between the current and thymol concentration in the range of 2-65 µM (R2 = 0.996) and 65-810 µM (R2 = 0.997), with the corresponding sensitivity of 72.7 µA mM-1 and 30.5 µA mM-1, respectively. Additionally, the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 0.2 µM (S/N = 3). At the same time, the prepared thymol electrochemical sensor revealed superior stability and selectivity. The constructed PtNPs-CPOFs-MWCNT electrochemical sensor is the first example of thymol detection.

Electrocatalysis of Copper Sulfide Nanoparticle-Engineered Covalent Organic Frameworks for Ratiometric Electrochemical Detection of Amyloid-ß Oligomer.

Amyloid-ß oligomer (AßO) is widely regarded as a reliable biomarker for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, a signal on-off ratiometric electrochemical immunosensor has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of AßO. To achieve the dual-signal ratiometric strategy, ultrasmall copper sulfide nanoparticle-engineered covalent organic framework hybrid nanocomposites (CuS@COFs) were utilized as excellent electrocatalysts toward hydroquinone (HQ) oxidation to produce detectable signals. Meanwhile, electroactive thionine (Thi) and Aß antibody-modified gold nanoparticles (Thi-AuNPs-Ab bioconjugates) were designed as another electrochemical indicator. Based on these two signals, an ultrasensitive sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensor was established for AßO detection. The introduction of AßO resulted in a remarkable decline in the electrochemical signal of HQ but an increase in the signal of Thi. Under optimum conditions, the ratios between the double signals (IThi/IHQ) showed a proportional linear relationship with the AßO concentration (1 pM-1 µM) with a low detection limit of 0.4 pM (S/N = 3), and the biosensor was able to determine the content of AßO in real cerebrospinal fluid samples with satisfactory results. The ratiometric strategy proposed in our study offers a sensitive and efficient approach for early diagnosis of AD, and this work will promote the further applications of engineered COFs in electrochemical sensors.

Electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer system between ruthenium-based nanosheets and CdS quantum dots for detection of chlorogenic acid.

A new strategy is proposed for ultrasensitive detection of chlorogenic acid (CGA) by fabricating an electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) sensing platform. The novel system designed by introducing ruthenium-based 2D metal-organic framework nanosheets (Ru@Zn-MOF) as ECL acceptor and L-cysteine capped CdS quantum dots (L-CdS QDs) as ECL donor, exhibited good ECL response. The possible mechanism of the modified electrode surface reaction was discussed. Modifying of the electrode surface by application of L-CdS QDs directly on ultrathin MOF nanosheets greatly shortened the electron-transfer distance and reduce energy loss, therefore significantly improving the ECL efficiency. The prepared sensor demonstrated good stability and highly selective detection of the target molecule. Under optimal conditions, the constructed sensor for the detection of CGA exhibited a wide linear range from 1.0 × 10-10 to 1.0 × 10-4 mol·L-1 and a low detection limit of 3.2 × 10-11 mol·L-1 with a correction coefficient of 0.995. The recovery for spiked samples was calculated to be 94.4-109% and the RSD was 1.07-1.72% in real samples. The obtained sensor is considered to be a promising platform for CGA detection. Electrochemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (ECL-RET) sensing platform is used for the detection for chlorogenic acid.

Healable, Phase-Selective, and White-Light-Emitting Titania Based Hybrid Lanthanide-Doped Metallogels.

Self-healing and tough gels with intriguing white-light emission, prepared by lanthanide metal ions, are highly desirable and remain a challenging topic. In this study, we present the preparation of a hybrid gel that contains poly(methyl methacrylate)/polyacrylic acid (PMMA/PAA) as the organic network and titania as the inorganic network, which are interpenetrating and linked by lanthanide metal ions. Interestingly, the gelation process for the organic phase allows for the efficient phase separation of the water-THF mixture (separation efficiency: >88%), either by the heating-cooling process or by the room temperature gelation that originated from xerogels. The as-prepared gels are self-healing and robust, based on the hybrid networks and dynamic coordination interactions. Specifically, the hybrid gels exhibit various colors of luminescence, depending on either the stoichiometric ratio of Eu3+ and Tb3+ or the excitation wavelengths. Upon excitation by the 365 nm light, the hybrid gel with Eu3+/Tb3+ ions (molar ratio 1:30) demonstrates a white-light emission color. The results also show that the gels prepared by only Eu3+ and Tb3+ possess different morphologies, surface areas, and contact angles. This work presents, for the first time, the crucial role of lanthanide ions for preparing a robust, self-healing hybrid gel with interpenetrating networks in the polymerization process, and the resulting hydrophobic surfaces are related to the phase-selective ability of the gels.

Facile fabrication of a 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid functionalized graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle nanocomposite for highly sensitive and selective electrochemical detection of dopamine.

A novel non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for highly sensitive and selective detection of dopamine was developed based on a 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic acid functionalized graphene-multiwalled carbon nanotube-gold nanoparticle nanocomposite modified glassy carbon electrode (PTCA-RGO-MWCNTs-Au NPs/GCE). The nanocomposite film was prepared by a facile, eco-friendly and controllable route and its morphology was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) analysis, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy, respectively. Cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used for evaluating the electrochemical behaviors of the prepared sensor. The DA sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performance toward DA with a sensitivity as high as 0.124 µA mM-1, a wide linear range of 1-100 µM and a low detection limit of 0.07 µM (S/N = 3). Moreover, it showed good selectivity toward DA without any obvious interference by AA and UA. Furthermore, the prepared DA sensor was applied to detect DA in real samples with satisfactory results.

Cyclodextrin-Assisted Two-Component Sonogel for Visual Humidity Sensing.

In this work, two naphthalimide-based compounds, 1a and 1b, have been designed and synthesized. Both compounds can form stable two-component gels in n-propanol or n-butanol upon addition of α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) followed by sonication at room temperature. Interestingly, the 1a/α-CD gel is thixotropic and very sensitive to water. Addition of a small amount of water induces rapid gel collapse, allowing further development of the gel as a visual relative humidity sensor. Specificity of the sensor has been confirmed using several approaches, such as scanning electron microscopy and fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared, and 1H NMR spectroscopy experiments. The results show that α-CD acts as a junction for the assembly of 1a or 1b through hydrogen bonding between hydroxyl and amide groups. Upon addition of water, α-CD interacts with the adamantane group of 1a via an incomplete host-guest encapsulation, resulting in the dissociation of the hydrogen-bonding-assisted two-component assembly, accompanied by gel collapse.

Fluorescent and Electrochemical Supramolecular Coordination Polymer Hydrogels Formed from Ion-Tuned Self-Assembly of Small Bis-Terpyridine Monomer.

Herein, ditopic ligand DTA comprised of terpyridine and acetylene segments with only one aromatic π-conjugated building block was designed and synthesized. Driven by metal-ligand coordination interactions, we presented that the use of metal salts can direct the self-assembly of DTA in the generation of fluorescent and electrochemical polymers that entrapped water to form ambidextrous hydrogels. These were characterized by several approaches including fluorescent titrations, UV-vis, circular dichroism, and X-ray diffraction spectra as well as scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy experiments. DTA can selectively recognize Zn2+ ions and gelate water in the presence of ZnC6H10O6 (zinc lactate), giving Zn2+-specific fluorescent metallogels. Otherwise, DTA/Cu(OAc)2 forms nonfluorescent, electrochemical, and chiral hydrogel that responds to multiple stimuli such as heat, light, shearing, electrolysis, and reducer. The ion-controlled gelation approach, morphology, rheology, as well as fluorescent and chiroptical properties of DTA was studied in detail. Hence, our work demonstrated for the first time the crucial role of metal salts in the supramolecular polymerization and corresponding properties, in which symmetry breaking played an important role for the dynamic assembly difference.

Tunable multicolor emissions in a monocomponent gel system by varying the solvent, temperature and fluoride anion.

The facile tuning of the fluorescent properties of organogels is highly desirable for optical switches, light-emitting diodes, chemosensors and bioprobes. The design of organic molecules with multiple emission colors but only one molecular platform remains challenging. Herein, a new cholesterol-based organogelator N1 containing D-A pairs (salicylaldehyde and naphthalimide units) was designed. We successfully obtained multiple solvent-tuned emission colors in both the solution and gel states using a unimolecular platform. Moreover, the effects of the solvent on the gel morphology, rheology and anion-responsive properties were studied. Finally, we showed that the gel in benzene displayed reversible thermochromic properties with changes in emission color from yellow-green to red. Several experiments suggested that a short-distance and ordered array of the D-A pairs facilitated the efficient intermolecular electron transfer of the fluorophores.

Binary-amplifying electrochemiluminescence sensor for sensitive assay of catechol and luteolin based on HKUST-1 derived CuO nanoneedles as a novel luminophore.

Herein, a highly novel and effective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor based on metal-organic framework (MOF, HKUST-1) derived CuO nanoneedles (HKUST-1 derived CuO NNs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and TiO2 was developed for ultrasensitive detection of catechol and luteolin. The HKUST-1 derived CuO NNs were employed as luminophore for the first time, which were successfully fabricated by using HKUST-1 as precursor. The results revealed that the HKUST-1 derived CuO NNs exhibit excellent ECL activity ascribed to its abundant active site and the high specific surface area, thus obviously promoting the separation and transfer of charge and further improving the current density of ECL sensor. To binary-amplify the signal of the ECL sensor, the AuNPs and TiO2 nano-materials with good biocompatibility, great electron transport efficiency and high catalytic activity were used as co-reaction accelerators in the ECL process. Dependent on the above brilliant strategy, the proposed ECL sensor achieved wide linear ranges from 3 × 10-9 - 1 × 10-4 M for catechol and 1 × 10-8 - 2 × 10-4 M for luteolin, with the detection limits of 1.5 × 10-9 M for catechol and 5.3 × 10-9 M for luteolin, respectively. Furthermore, the ECL sensor exhibited outstanding selectivity, repeatability, stability and obtained great feedback on determination of catechol and luteolin in actual samples. The method not only filled a gap in the ECL application of MOF-derived materials but also provided a novel sight for design other highly efficient luminescent materials.

Rational design of a novel MOF-based ternary nanocomposite for effectively monitoring harmful organophosphates in foods and the environment.

Methyl parathion (MP) is a widely used organophosphate insecticide that is extremely toxic due to its ability to irreversibly inhibit acetylcholinesterase in the body and persistently accumulate in the environment. Timely detection of MP can prevent harmful residue exposure to humans. Therefore, the development of fast, efficient electrochemical methods to detect trace MP has been highly beneficial for monitoring harmful residues in foods and environment to ensure food safety and ecological conservation. Herein, a novel hybrid metal-organic framework (MOF) nanocomposite composed of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and UiO-66-NH2 (PtNPs/UiO-66-NH2/MWCNTs) was rationally designed and prepared by a facile two-step strategy for the sensitive determination of MP. The synergistic effects are illustrated in detail using XRD, XPS, FTIR, TEM, and SEM studies as well as electrochemical technologies such as CV, EIS, and DPV. In addition, the performance of the ternary nanocomposite for detecting MP was investigated by comparing it with the binary-component one. The results showed that the PtNPs/UiO-66-NH2/MWCNT-based electrochemical sensor exhibited outstanding sensitivity of 21.9 µA µM-1 cm-2, satisfactory low detection limit of 0.026 µM and wide linear range of 0.11-227.95 µM for MP analysis. Furthermore, the fabricated sensor delivered distinguished freedom from interferences, outstanding regeneration ability, and adequate recoveries for fresh foods and river water samples. In conclusion, the proposed PtNPs/UiO-66-NH2/MWCNT-based sensor provides a potentially useful analytical tool for determining hazardous residues of OPs in foods and the environment.

Ultrafast Self-Healing, Highly Stretchable, Adhesive, and Transparent Hydrogel by Polymer Cluster Enhanced Double Networks for Both Strain Sensors and Environmental Remediation Application.

Stretchable, healable, biocompatible, and conductive hydrogels are one of the promising candidates for both wearable electronics and environmental remediation applications. To date, the design of hydrogels that integrate ultrafast self-healing with high efficiency (seconds), high stretchability, and biocompatibility and reversibility into one system is not an easy task. Herein, we demonstrate a general oxidation approach to accelerate the hydrogelation of hPEI-based double network gels via the generation of fluorescent polymer clusters at room temperature or triggered by the heating-cooling process. The resulting ohPEI hydrogel has the merit of biocompatibility over most reported hPEI hydrogels for strain sensors. It shows a high conductivity (1.3 S/m), an ultrafast self-healing ability (<3 s, 98% healing efficiency within 60 s), a high stretchability (∼1850 and ∼7000% in deformation), and reversible adhesivity on various material surfaces. The excellent performance of the hydrogel is ascribed to the cooperative and hierarchical interactions of four types of dynamic combinations, including the reversible borate bond, hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction, and polymer cluster interactions. The reversible fabrication process by the one-spot method (just by simple mixing of the components) and superior properties of the hydrogel make it an ideal candidate for a wearable strain sensor to monitor human motions and physiological activities. Moreover, it is also a good hydrogel absorbent for phase separation absorption of volatile organic compounds with a high capacity (for acetone: 4.75 g g-1), reusability, and an easy handling process.

Facile synthesis of surface functionalized Pd2+@P-CDP/COFs for highly sensitive detection of norfloxacin drug based on the host-guest interaction.

In this work, ß-cyclodextrin porous polymers (P-CDPs) functionalized novel covalent organic frameworks (P-CDPs/COFs) were synthesized by a simple and facile method. After combined with Pd2+ via electrostatic interaction, the Pd2+@P-CDPs/COFs nanocomposites were prepared and utilized as novel electrode materials to fabricate the non-enzyme electrochemical sensors for high-sensitivity detection of Norfloxacin (NF). Due to the host-guest recognition, excellent adsorption performance and catalytic performance of Pd2+@P-CDPs/COFs, the prepared sensor exhibited excellent electrochemical performance for detecting NF under the optimum conditions, which showed two linear ranges of 0.08-7.0 µM and 7.0-100.0 µM with a low detection limit of 0.031 µM (S/N = 3). Additionally, the obtained sensor has also been successfully applied to measure NF with satisfactory results in the real medicinal samples of NF eye-drops. Our findings paved the way for the development of COFs-based sensing platform in drug analysis and testing for human health, food security and the quality control of drugs.

Facile synthesis of nickel phosphate nanorods as biomimetic enzyme with excellent electrocatalytic activity for highly sensitive detection of superoxide anion released from living cells.

In this work, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) biomimetic enzyme based on nickel phosphate nanorods [Ni(PO4)NRs] was prepared by a simple and eco-friendly hydrothermal method. After further introduction of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (C-MWCNTs), the obtained Ni(PO4)NRs/C-MWCNTs nanocomposites were utilized as the novel electrode materials to construct the electrochemical superoxide anion radicals (O2•-) biosensor with excellent electrical conductivity and unprecedented catalytic performance. The morphology of Ni(PO4)NRs/C-MWCNTs nanocomposite was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman microscope, respectively. Under the optimum conditions, the proposed biosensor exhibits high sensitivity (5.67 × 104 µA/mM/cm2), low detection limit (0.097 µM at S/N = 3) and good selectivity to O2•-. In addition, the sensor can monitor O2•- released from MCF-7 cells with satisfactory results, which provides a great opportunity to apply it in the field of fundamental research and clinical diagnostics. Our results would promote Ni(PO4)NRs as the SOD biomimetic enzyme for designing biosensor and expand its various applications in biocatalysis and bioanalysis.

[Synthesis and fluorescence properties of europium complexes with 4-(4-pyridyl formoyl) benzoic acid].

Three new europium complexes, Eu(PFBA)3 (H2O)4, Eu(PFBA)3 Phen (H2O)3 and Eu(PFBA)3 TPPO (H2O)3, were synthesized using 4-(4-pyridyl formoxyl) benzoic acid (HPFBA), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and triphenyl phosphine oxide (TPPO) as the ligands. In the complexes, two characteristic absorption bands of HPFBA due to vO-H (3 000-2 200 cm(-1)) and v c=o (1 697 cm(-1)) disappear, the asymmetry stretching vibration v(as)(coo-) and symmetry stretching vibration v(s)(coo-) of carboxyl appear, and the deltav(v(as)(coo)) - v(s)(coo-)) values are all smaller than that of NaPFBA. The carboxyl group of the ligand HPFBA is dehydrogenated and coordinated to Eu3+ with a bidentate chelating mode. The fluorescence properties of the complexes were studied. Each complex shows five emission bands at about 583, 596, 618, 655 and 703 nm, which are assigned to the characteristic emission 5D0 --> -F(j) (J = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) transitions of Eu3+, respectively. The fluorescence intensity becomes stronger after the addition of phen and TPPO, and TPPO is better, which is due to synergistic effect of the second ligands.

Switchable Supramolecular Configurations of Al3+/LysTPY Coordination Polymers in a Hydrogel Network Controlled by Ultrasound and Heat.

Coordination-driven self-assembly with controllable properties has attracted increasing interest because of its potential in biological events and material science. Herein, we report on the remote, instant, and switchable control of competitive coordination interactions via ultrasound and heat stimuli in a hydrogel network. Configurational coordination changes result in the transformation of blue-emissive and opaque Al3+-amide aggregations to yellow-green-emissive and transparent Al3+-terpyridine aggregations. Interestingly, circularly polarized luminescence "off-on" switches of the metallo-supramolecular assembly are also created by these configuration changes. Additionally, the impact of the stoichiometric ratio of Al3+ and LysTPY on the assembly is also studied in detail. With a higher content of Al3+, the hydrogel with branched and abundant junctions exhibited robust, self-healing, and self-supporting properties. This in-depth understanding of the coordination interaction adjustment will afford new insights into the preparation of stimuli-responsive metallogels.

Hemin-doped metal-organic frameworks based nanozyme electrochemical sensor with high stability and sensitivity for dopamine detection.

This study reports a new type of artificial nanozyme based on Hemin-doped-HKUST-1 (HKUST-1, also referred to as MOF-199; a face-centered-cubic MOF containing nanochannels) as a redox mediator for the detection of dopamine (DA). Hemin-doped-HKUST-1 was successfully synthesized by one-pot hydrothermal method, which was combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) modified on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to construct a sensor (Hemin-doped HKUST-1/rGO/GCE). The morphology and structure of Hemin-doped-HKUST-1 were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and infrared spectra (IR) techniques. The Hemin-doped HKUST-1/rGO nanozyme showed an excellent electrocatalytic activity for DA oxidation, which is due to the enhanced Hemin activity through the formation of a metal-organic framework (MOFs) and the synergy between the Hemin-doped HKUST-1 and rGO in nanozyme. The resulted sensor exhibited a high sensitivity of 1.224 µA µM-1, with a lower detection limit of 3.27 × 10-8 M (S/N = 3) and a wide linear range of 0.03-10 µM for DA detection. In addition, due to the stabilizing effect of MOFs on heme, the sensor showed satisfactory stability and has been successfully applied to the detection of DA in serum samples, indicating that this work has potential value in clinical work.

A stable and controllable Prussian blue layer electrodeposited on self-assembled monolayers for constructing highly sensitive glucose biosensor.

A stable and controllable Prussian blue (PB) layer electrodeposited on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of thioctic acid amide (T-NH(2)) on gold electrode was prepared. The PB, combining with biocompatible matrix chitosan, was used for the highly efficient immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOD) for sensitive biosensing of glucose. The PB on SAMs exhibits a good stability and a much higher catalytic ability toward the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in neutral medium, compared with that of PB directly electrodeposited on bare Au electrode. The biosensor at an applied potential of 0.0 V exhibits good anti-interferent ability, with a low detection limit of 2 microM and a much higher sensitivity (59.9 mA M(-1) cm(-2)). The apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)(app)) and apparent activation energy of enzymatic reaction were found to be 5.4 mM and 24.1 kJ mol(-1). The present method provides a promising platform for the development of new biosensors and bioelectronic devices.

Fabrication of hollow ZnO-Co3O4 nanocomposite derived from bimetallic-organic frameworks capped with Pd nanoparticles and MWCNTs for highly sensitive detection of tanshinol drug.

In this work, PdNPs@ZnO-Co3O4 was synthesized via the facile oxidation treatment of bimetallic ZnCo-zeolitic-imidazolate-framework (ZnCo-ZIF) followed by in situ chemical reduction of PdNPs on the surface of the nanocrystals. After combined with MWCNTs, the PdNPs@ZnO-Co3O4-MWCNTs nanocomposites were formed, which were then exploited as novel electrode materials to construct the non-enzyme electrochemical sensors for high-sensitivity detection of tanshinol. Due to the high catalytic activity of multi-metallic PdNPs@ZnO-Co3O4, and the excellent charge transfer property between imidazole groups of the ligands in MOFs and MWCNTs, the obtained sensor exhibited high sensitivity for tanshinol detection under optimum experimental conditions. The sensor shows two well linear relationship between the current and tanshinol concentration in the range of 0.002-0.69 mM (R2 = 0.989) and 0.69-3.75 mM (R2 = 0.994) with the corresponding sensitivity of 59.16 µA mM-1 and 19.08 µA mM-1. And the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 0.019 µM (S/N = 3). Furthermore, with the advantages of good repeatability, stability and selectivity, the fabricated sensor can be successfully applied to measurement of tanshinol in real medicinal liquids samples. Our results would accelerate the applications of MOFs in electrochemical field and provide insights into design of multifunctional non-enzyme sensing materials for various applications in biocatalysis, bioanalysis and drug testing.

A Zr-cluster based thermostable, self-healing and adaptive metallogel with chromogenic properties responds to multiple stimuli with reversible radical interaction.

A Zr-cluster based metallogel is synthesized via an unusual one-pot solvothermal method. The resulting metallogel is robust, adaptive, self-healing, highly thermostable and conductive. Moreover, the metallogel exhibits reversible stimuli-responsive properties. The gel could respond to at least four kinds of stimuli such as light, aliphatic amines, electricity and metals with color and fluorescence tunability. Importantly, the metallogel with electrochromic properties could be used as soft electrochromic devices for smart windows and electro display boards, and metalchromism provides a practical way for coating corrosion monitoring of metal materials.