RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Alteration of vitamin D is a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). AIM: To evaluate the pulmonary and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in patients with and without pulmonary TB. METHODS: Two-stage study: the first part was retrospective cross-sectional and the second prospective. Those > 18 years of age who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for suspected pulmonary TB and in whom the infection was confirmed were included. Patients with another type of infection without TB and non-infectious diseases were taken as controls for the first stage and infectious controls without TB in the prospective phase. The measurement of 25OHD was performed by ELFA (enzyme-linked fluorescence assay). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate association, considering a value of p < 0.05 to be significant. The data were processed with the SPSS version 23 program. RESULTS: The total sample was 77 patients (35 in the first stage and 42 in the second). The characteristics between the groups were homogeneous. Serum (second phase) and broncho-alveolar lavage (first and second phase) levels of 25OHD were lower in TB patients compared to controls and were independent of serum calcium level (serum: 22.4 ng/mL vs 33 ng/mL, p = 0.006 and broncho-alveolar lavage: 9.7 ng/mL vs 12.2 ng/mL; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference between the levels of 25OHD in both serum and broncho-alveolar lavage in patients with pulmonary TB in relation to their controls.
Assuntos
Tuberculose Pulmonar , Deficiência de Vitamina D , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Irrigação Terapêutica , Vitamina DRESUMO
INTRODUCCIÓN: La alteración de la vitamina D es un factor de riesgo para enfermar de tuberculosis (TBC). OBJETIVO: Evaluar la concentración pulmonar y sérica del compuesto 25-hidroxi-vitamina D (25OHD) en pacientes con y sin TBC pulmonar. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio de dos etapas: la primera parte fue de corte transversal, retrospectiva, y la segunda prospectiva. Se incluyeron > 18 años a los que se les realizó fibrobroncoscopia por sospecha de TBC pulmonar y en quienes se confirmó la infección. Se tomaron como controles a pacientes con otro tipo de infección no TBC, y enfermedades no infecciosas para la primera etapa y controles infecciosos sin TBC en la fase prospectiva. La medición de 25OHD se realizó mediante ELFA (ensayo de fluorescencia ligado a enzima). Se empleó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para evaluar asociación considerando significativo un valor de p < 0,05. Los datos se procesaron con el programa SPSS versión 23. RESULTADOS: La muestra total fue de 77 pacientes (35 en la primera etapa y 42 en la segunda). Las características entre los grupos fueron homogéneas. Las concentraciones en suero (segunda fase) como en el lavado bronco-alveolar (primera y segunda fase) de 25OHD fueron más bajas en pacientes con TBC comparado con los controles e independientes de la concentración de calcio sérico (suero: 22,4 ng/mL vs 33 ng/mL, p = 0,006 y lavado bronco-alveolar: 9,7 ng/mL vs 12,2 ng/mL; p = 0,012). CONCLUSIONES: Hubo una diferencia significativa entre las concentraciones de 25OHD, tanto en suero como en lavado bronco-alveolar, en pacientes con TBC pulmonar con relación a sus controles.
BACKGROUND: Alteration of vitamin D is a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). AIM: To evaluate the pulmonary and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in patients with and without pulmonary TB. METHODS: Two-stage study: the first part was retrospective cross-sectional and the second prospective. Those > 18 years of age who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for suspected pulmonary TB and in whom the infection was confirmed were included. Patients with another type of infection without TB and non-infectious diseases were taken as controls for the first stage and infectious controls without TB in the prospective phase. The measurement of 25OHD was performed by ELFA (enzyme-linked fluorescence assay). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate association, considering a value of p < 0.05 to be significant. The data were processed with the SPSS version 23 program. RESULTS: The total sample was 77 patients (35 in the first stage and 42 in the second). The characteristics between the groups were homogeneous. Serum (second phase) and broncho-alveolar lavage (first and second phase) levels of 25OHD were lower in TB patients compared to controls and were independent of serum calcium level (serum: 22.4 ng/mL vs 33 ng/mL, p = 0.006 and broncho-alveolar lavage: 9.7 ng/mL vs 12.2 ng/mL; p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: There was a significant difference between the levels of 25OHD in both serum and broncho-alveolar lavage in patients with pulmonary TB in relation to their controls.
Assuntos
Humanos , Tuberculose Pulmonar , Deficiência de Vitamina D , Vitamina D , Estudos Transversais , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Irrigação TerapêuticaRESUMO
Los miembros del género Kocuria corresponden a cocos Gram positivos ubicuos, generalmente inocuos y que hacen parte de la flora saprófita de un porcentaje importante de la población; ocasionalmente han sido descritos como los agentes responsables de patologías infecciosas, principalmente dentro del contexto de pacientes que concomitantemente cursan con enfermedades crónicas y estados de inmunosupresión. Son escasos los casos reportados como causa de endocarditis en pacientes inmunocompetentes a nivel global por especies de este género. Se expone el caso de una mujer inmunocompetente de 44 años, sin antecedentes de importancia, en quien solo el diagnóstico microbiológico permitió confirmar la presencia de Kocuria kristinae como agente causal de su endocarditis infecciosa; la literatura señala la dificultad existente al momento de diferenciar la endocarditis producida por Staphylococcus spp. versus Kocuria kristinae por su evolución clínica similar, indicando la importancia de la microbiología al momento de identificar y diagnosticar apropiadamente.
Members of the genus Kocuria correspond to ubiquitous, generally harmless, Gram-positive cocci that are part of the saprophytic flora of a significant percentage of the population; occasionally they have been described as the agents responsible for infectious pathologies, mainly in the context of patients who concomitantly have chronic diseases and are under an immunosuppression state. There are few cases reported as a cause of endocarditis in immunocompetent patients globally by species of this genus. We present the case of a 44-year-old immunocompetent woman, with no relevant history, in whom only the microbiological diagnosis confirmed the presence of Kocuria kristinae as the causative agent of her infectious endocarditis; Literature points out the difficulty existing when differentiating endocarditis produced by Staphylococcus spp. versus Kocuria kristinae because of their similar clinical evolution, indicating the importance of microbiology when identifying and diagnosing accurately.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Cocos Gram-Positivos , Endocardite Bacteriana , Imunocompetência , Actinomycetales , Actinobacteria , Endocardite , Infecções , MicrococcaceaeRESUMO
Resumen Objetivo: describir los hallazgos en el estudio de medula ósea de los pacientes con infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana que presentaron algún tipo de citopenia. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo con 37 pacientes adultos con infección confirmada por el virus de inmuno deficiencia humana que presentaron algún tipo de citopenia, durante enero 2011 a diciembre de 2014 en el Hospital Universitario Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo de Neiva. Resultados: la mediana de edad fue 35 años, el 59 % fueron hombres; en el 48,6 % el tiempo de diagnóstico de la infección fue inferior a un año y el 59 % no recibían terapia antiretroviral al momento de ingreso. La mediana de recuento leucocitario de 2 400 células/mm3, neutró filos de 1 400 células/mm3 y de linfocitos CD4 de 43 células/mm3. El estudio de medula ósea fue positivo en el 27 %, encontrando infección oportunista diseminada en seis pacientes; dos con neoplasias, además de uno con hipo plasia medular y otro con anemia megaloblástica. Conclusión: el estudio de medula ósea en los pacientes con infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana es una herramienta útil y se debe realizar a todos los pacientes con enfermedad avanzada en el estudio de citopenia asociada o no a fiebre.
Abstract Objective: To describe the findings in the study of bone marrow of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who present some type of cytopenia in a highly complex hospital in southern Colombia. Materials and methods: Retrospective descriptive study of case series. All adult pa tients with confirmed HIV infection who presented some type of cytopenia during January 2011 to December 2014 at the University Hospital Hernando Moncaleano Perdomo de Neiva, were included. A total of 37 patients com pleted the inclusion criteria. Results: the median age was 35 years, 59 % men; in 48.6 % of the individuals, the time of diagnosis by HIV was less than one year and 59 % did not receive antiretroviral therapy at the time of admission. A median was found in a leukocyte count of 2400 cells / mm3, neutrophils of 1400 cells / mm3, CD4 lymphocytes of 43 cells / mm3. The bone marrow study was positive in 27 % of the cases (10 patients), finding disseminated opportunistic infection in six patients; two neoplasms, plus a medullar hypoplasia and a case of megaloblastic anemia. Conclusion: The study of bone marrow in patients with HIV infection is a useful tool and should be performed in all patients with HIV infection with advanced disease in the study of cytopenia associated or not with fever.