Heritability and genetic correlations between marbling in longissimus dorsi muscle and conventional economic traits in Nellore beef cattle.

In Nellore beef cattle, studies addressing genetic correlations between ultrasound marbling content and other economically important traits are still incipient. Therefore, this work aimed to estimate heritability and genetic correlations between ultrasound marbling content in the longissimus dorsi muscle (MARB) and growth, reproductive, feed efficiency, and carcass-related traits in a Nellore beef cattle population from Brazil. Phenotypic records of 614,395 Nellore animals were used and included adjusted weight at 210 (W210) and 450 (W450) days of age, adult cow weight (AW), early heifer pregnancy (EH), stayability (STAY), adjusted scrotal circumference at 365 days of age (SC365), ribeye area (REA), subcutaneous backfat thickness (BF), rump fat thickness (RF), and marbling (MARB). The genetic parameters for all traits but EH and STAY were estimated considering a linear animal model, whereas for those two nonlinear traits, a threshold animal model was used. The direct and correlated response to selection for MARB versus the other traits, and the relative efficiency of selection, were also calculated. The heritability estimate for MARB was 0.31 and for the other conventional evaluated traits was low to moderate, with values ranging from 0.14 to 0.41. The genetic correlations between MARB and growth, reproductive, feed efficiency, and carcass-related trait were very low, with values close to zero, with similar correlated responses. The MARB displayed adequate genetic variability to respond to selection and crossbreeding programs looking forward to higher meat quality and differential market standards for the Nellore beef. The selection for growth, reproductive, feed efficiency, and carcass-related traits would not affect MARB in Nellore beef cattle and vice versa. Therefore, this trait should be included as a selection criterion in the Nellore breeding program.

Fulminant myocarditis in a patient with a lung adenocarcinoma after the third dose of modern COVID-19 vaccine. A case report and literature review.

Introduction COVID-19 disease has caused a global health and economic crisis. The introduction of the different COVID-19 vaccines has resulted in a significant decrease in the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease. Adverse effects have been reported, including cardiological ones such as myocarditis or pericarditis after administration. Likewise, tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs such as osimertinib used in lung cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation are associated with heart failure or prolongation of the QT interval. Case report 62-year-old woman diagnosed in September 2019 of lung adenocarcinoma stage IV with bilateral lung and lymph node involvement, carrier of an EGFR mutation (Ex19Del) on treatment with osimertinib. She attended emergency department for fever and hypotension 24 h after administration of the third dose of Moderna® COVID-19 vaccine in the context of acute myocarditis with evidence of severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction in cardiogenic shock. She required vasoactive support, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, corticotherapy, immunoglobulins and subsequent ventricular support with Impella, with improvement of the clinical picture after 3 days. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed evidence of global myocardial oedema compatible with acute myocarditis. Coronary CT showed a lesion in the anterior descending coronary artery requiring revascularization. A few days later, she presented febrile symptoms with isolation of Staphylococcus aureus in the central line catheter and antibiotherapy with cloxacillin was started, with subsequent resolution of the infectious symptoms. Conclusion This is an exceptional and controversial case of fulminant myocarditis probably related to the Modern COVID-19 vaccine in a patient diagnosed with metastatic lung adenocarcinoma on treatment with osimertinib. An increasing number of cases of myocarditis and pericarditis have been reported following vaccination with COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. In addition, retrospective data have shown an increased risk of QT prolongation and heart failure in patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Hence, the need for close monitoring of cardiac function during treatment of these patients. Future studies will be necessary to evaluate unknown adverse reactions of these vaccines and their possible interaction with other antineoplastic drugs.

Living in a cold tropical mountain: do the microhabitat use and activity pattern change with elevation in the high-Andean lizard Stenocercus trachycephalus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)?

Abstract The high mountain environment is a tough habitat that imposes many challenges to reptiles. As temperature decreases with altitude and has a dramatic variation throughout the day in the tropical mountains, ectotherms must cope with these harsh conditions. We studied the use of microhabitat and activity patterns of Stenocercus trachycephalus in the eastern Andes mountain range of Colombia. Three localities were sampled across the wide altitudinal distribution of this lizard species, in a range from 2,670 to 3,950 m a.s.l. The initial hypothesis was that these natural history traits would change with altitude but instead, we found that they remained roughly consistent, showing the great plasticity of this species. The results support that this lizard is a microhabitat-generalist using principally herb across the gradient, rarely shifting to specific plants or microhabitats such as rocks depending on availability. Regarding the activity pattern, this species was active throughout the day from 8:00 to 16:00 with a similar pattern along the gradient. Nevertheless, some differences were detected across localities. The activity pattern shifted from bimodal in the lower locality to unimodal in the higher ones. As expected, a correlation between temperature and activity patterns was found in one of the study sites. However, this was not the case for the lower and mid-elevation localities, where there was no correlation between these variables. The mid-elevation study site was the most interesting locality as the use of microhabitat relied virtually just on the herb stratum and the activity was constrained to the morning hours. These findings may be the result of the synergic effects of other ecological variables (weather variability, human impact, predation, population structure, or reproductive season). Our study gives the basis for a better understanding of how behavior (microhabitat choice and hours of activity) of ectotherms can help to counter thermal constraints in the neotropics when facing an altitudinal gradient. Further studies should focus on the thermal biology of this species, considering the influence of anthropic impact on these lizards populations.

Living in a cold tropical mountain do the microhabitat use and activity pattern change with elevation in the highAndean lizard Stenocercus trachycephalus (Squamata Tropiduridae)

The high mountain environment is a tough habitat that imposes many challenges to reptiles. As temperature decreases with altitude and has a dramatic variation throughout the day in the tropical mountains, ectotherms must cope with these harsh conditions. We studied the use of microhabitat and activity patterns of Stenocercus trachycephalus in the eastern Andes mountain range of Colombia. Three localities were sampled across the wide altitudinal distribution of this lizard species, in a range from 2,670 to 3,950 m a.s.l. The initial hypothesis was that these natural history traits would change with altitude but instead, we found that they remained roughly consistent, showing the great plasticity of this species. The results support that this lizard is a microhabitat-generalist using principally herb across the gradient, rarely shifting to specific plants or microhabitats such as rocks depending on availability. Regarding the activity pattern, this species was active throughout the day from 8:00 to 16:00 with a similar pattern along the gradient. Nevertheless, some differences were detected across localities. The activity pattern shifted from bimodal in the lower locality to unimodal in the higher ones. As expected, a correlation between temperature and activity patterns was found in one of the study sites. However, this was not the case for the lower and mid-elevation localities, where there was no correlation between these variables. The mid-elevation study site was the most interesting locality as the use of microhabitat relied virtually just on the herb stratum and the activity was constrained to the morning hours. These findings may be the result of the synergic effects of other ecological variables (weather variability, human impact, predation, population structure, or reproductive season). Our study gives the basis for a better understanding of how behavior (microhabitat choice and hours of activity) of ectotherms can help to counter thermal constraints in the neotropics when facing an altitudinal gradient. Further studies should focus on the thermal biology of this species, considering the influence of anthropic impact on these lizards populations.(AU)

Living in a cold tropical mountain: do the microhabitat use and activity pattern change with elevation in the high-Andean lizard Stenocercus trachycephalus (Squamata: Tropiduridae)?

Abstract The high mountain environment is a tough habitat that imposes many challenges to reptiles. As temperature decreases with altitude and has a dramatic variation throughout the day in the tropical mountains, ectotherms must cope with these harsh conditions. We studied the use of microhabitat and activity patterns of Stenocercus trachycephalus in the eastern Andes mountain range of Colombia. Three localities were sampled across the wide altitudinal distribution of this lizard species, in a range from 2,670 to 3,950 m a.s.l. The initial hypothesis was that these natural history traits would change with altitude but instead, we found that they remained roughly consistent, showing the great plasticity of this species. The results support that this lizard is a microhabitat-generalist using principally herb across the gradient, rarely shifting to specific plants or microhabitats such as rocks depending on availability. Regarding the activity pattern, this species was active throughout the day from 8:00 to 16:00 with a similar pattern along the gradient. Nevertheless, some differences were detected across localities. The activity pattern shifted from bimodal in the lower locality to unimodal in the higher ones. As expected, a correlation between temperature and activity patterns was found in one of the study sites. However, this was not the case for the lower and mid-elevation localities, where there was no correlation between these variables. The mid-elevation study site was the most interesting locality as the use of microhabitat relied virtually just on the herb stratum and the activity was constrained to the morning hours. These findings may be the result of the synergic effects of other ecological variables (weather variability, human impact, predation, population structure, or reproductive season). Our study gives the basis for a better understanding of how behavior (microhabitat choice and hours of activity) of ectotherms can help to counter thermal constraints in the neotropics when facing an altitudinal gradient. Further studies should focus on the thermal biology of this species, considering the influence of anthropic impact on these lizards' populations.

Prevalencia de los Tipos Moleculares de Cáncer de Mama y Características Clínico-Patológicas: estudio analítico de corte transversal / Prevalence of Molecular Types of Breast Cancer and Clinical-Pathological Characteristics: Cross-sectional analytical study

Introducción: La clasificación molecular del cáncer de mama se utiliza en el diagnóstico de lesiones desafiantes y para tener un pronóstico.El objetivodel presente estudiofue determinar la prevalencia de los tipos moleculares decáncer de mama y sus características clínico-patológicas en pacientes que acudieron a un centro oncológico. Métodos: Este estudio analítico-transversalfue realizado en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA-Cuenca, entre Agosto 2010-julio2017. Se compilaron registros de mujeres con cáncer de mama con inmunohistoquímicamolecular. Se midieron datos demográficos, clínicos, tipo Histológico, grado Histológico Combinado de Nottingham, estadio clínico de la NCCN-2017. La muestra fue no probabilísticatipo censo. Se usa estadística descriptiva y análisis de asociación entrelos tipos moleculares de cáncer de mama y características clínico-patológicas. Resultados: 582 casos ingresaron al estudio. El Luminal A 205/582 (35.22%), Luminal B 204/582 (35.02%), Her2 80/582 (13.75%), Triple negativo 93/582 (15.98) sutipo histológico predominante fueel Ductal (92.96%).El estadio clínico de mayor prevalencia es el IIA (29.21%) y respecto al grado de Nottingham, el 76.80% fue grado III.Asociación estadísticas se reportaron entre edad >40años y Tipo LuminalA, Edad >40 años yTriple Negativo; Tipo Ductal y Luminal A,Grado II De Nottingham y luminal A y triple negativo, Estadio clínico tardío y luminalAy HER 2P<0.05. Conclusión:Eltipomolecularde cáncer de mama más frecuente fue el LuminalAy este tipo molecular estáasociadoestadísticamente conla edad>40 años edad, Grado II de NottinghamyEstadío clínico Tardío.

Introduction:The molecular classification of breast cancer is used in the diagnosis of challenging lesions and to have a prognosis. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of molecular types of breast cancer and their clinicopathological characteristics in patients who attended a cancer center. Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study was carried out at the SOLCA-Cuenca Cancer Institute, between August 2010-July 2017. Registries of women with breast cancer were compiled with molecular immunohistochemistry. Demographic and clinical data, Histological type, Nottingham Combined Histological grade, NCCN-2017 clinical stage were measured. The sample was non-probabilistic, census type. Descriptive statistics and analysis of association between molecular types of breast cancer and clinicopathological characteristics are used. Results: 582 cases entered the study. Luminal A 205/582 (35.22%), Luminal B 204/582 (35.02%), Her2 80/582 (13.75%), Triple negative 93/582 (15.98), its predominant histological type was Ductal (92.96%). The most prevalent clinical stage is IIA (29.21%) and with respect to the Nottingham grade, 76.80% was grade III. Statistical association were reported between age> 40 years and Luminal Type A, Age> 40 years and Triple Negative; Ductal and Luminal A type, Nottingham Grade II and luminal A and triple negative, Late clinical stage and luminal A and HER 2 P <0.05. Conclusion: The most frequent molecular type of breast cancer was Luminal A and this molecular type is statistically associated with age> 40 years old, Nottingham Grade II and Late clinical stage.

Emergence and long-lasting persistence of linezolid-resistant Enterococcus faecium-ST117 in an oncohematologic patient after a nine-day course of linezolid.

We report the emergence and long-lasting persistence of linezolid resistance in an ampicillin-resistant Enterococcus faecium strain in the intestine of a neutropenic oncohematologic patient receiving chemotherapy. The patient was first colonized by an epidemic ampicillin-resistant E. faecium (ARE)-ST117 clustering into lineage 78. This clone exhibited resistance to levofloxacin, erythromycin and high-level resistance to streptomycin and gentamicin. After receiving treatment with several broad spectrum antibiotics for febrile neutropenia, a 9-day course of oral linezolid was administered once the patient developed bacteraemia by the same ARE colonizing clone. Linezolid-resistant ARE was detected 17 days later in the follow-up fecal samples and persisted 41 days after suppression of linezolid therapy. Resistance to linezolid was associated with G2576T transversion in the 23S rRNA and the presence of cfr gene was not detected. The persistence of G2576T-ARE strains, especially in oncohematologic patients with injured intestinal membranes, could increase the risk of bacteraemia.

Bacteriemia por Kluyvera cryocrescens

La Kluyvera cryocrescens es una enterobacteria gram negativa que se ha aislado del esputo, orina, secreción biliar, líquido peritoneal y sangre en los seres humanos, raramente es causa de infección clínicamente significativa. Sin embargo hay varios casos descritos en la bibliografía, donde se ha manifestado con cuadros de sepsis severa y choque séptico, algunos con adecuada respuesta a diferentes terapias antibióticas. Se presenta un caso de sepsis severa, debido a bacteriemia por Kluyvera cryocrescens, en un masculino de 73 años, y se describe su diagnóstico, tratamiento y evolución. El paciente desarrolló la infección durante su estadía hospitalaria y recibió tratamiento 10 días con cefalosporinas de tercera generación, logrando una adecuada resolución de su cuadro.

Bacteriemia por Kluyvera cryocrescens / Kluyvera cryocrescens bacteremia

La Kluyvera cryocrescens es una enterobacteria gram negativa que se ha aislado del esputo, orina, secreción biliar, líquido peritoneal y sangre en los seres humanos, raramente es causa de infección clínicamente significativa. Sin embargo hay varios casos descritos en la bibliografía, donde se ha manifestado con cuadros de sepsis severa y choque séptico, algunos con adecuada respuesta a diferentes terapias antibióticas. Se presenta un caso de sepsis severa, debido a bacteriemia por Kluyvera cryocrescens, en un masculino de 73 años, y se describe su diagnóstico, tratamiento y evolución. El paciente desarrolló la infección durante su estadía hospitalaria y recibió tratamiento 10 días con cefalosporinas de tercera generación, logrando una adecuada resolución de su cuadro.

Kluyvera cryocrescens is a gram-negative enterobacteria that has been isolated from sputum, urine, bile secretion, peritoneal fluid and blood in humans, but rarely causes clinically significant infections. However, there are several cases described in the literature that have presented with symptoms of severe sepsis and septic shock, some with adequate response to different antibiotic therapies. A case of severe sepsis due to Kluyvera cryocrescens bacteremia is described in a 73 year old male, regarding his diagnosis, treatment and outcome. He develops the infection while hospitalized and received a 10 day course of a third generation cephalosporin achieving adequate resolution of the infection.

Sensitivity analysis of kappa-fold cross validation in prediction error estimation.

In the machine learning field, the performance of a classifier is usually measured in terms of prediction error. In most real-world problems, the error cannot be exactly calculated and it must be estimated. Therefore, it is important to choose an appropriate estimator of the error. This paper analyzes the statistical properties, bias and variance, of the kappa-fold cross-validation classification error estimator (kappa-cv). Our main contribution is a novel theoretical decomposition of the variance of the kappa-cv considering its sources of variance: sensitivity to changes in the training set and sensitivity to changes in the folds. The paper also compares the bias and variance of the estimator for different values of kappa. The experimental study has been performed in artificial domains because they allow the exact computation of the implied quantities and we can rigorously specify the conditions of experimentation. The experimentation has been performed for two classifiers (naive Bayes and nearest neighbor), different numbers of folds, sample sizes, and training sets coming from assorted probability distributions. We conclude by including some practical recommendation on the use of kappa-fold cross validation.