Nonelective Left-Sided Colon Cancer Resections are Associated with Worse Postoperative and Oncological Outcomes: A Propensity-Matched Study.

Background: Emergency general surgery patients are at significant risk of postoperative complications and mortality compared with their elective counterparts. Although challenged by some studies, increasing evidence shows that emergency colectomy for cancer is associated with worse early postoperative and long-term outcomes. Methods: We have included all patients with colon cancer admitted to the Emergency Hospital of Bucharest between January 2011 and January 2016. SELECTION CRITERIA: (1) colon tumor; (2) left-sided localization of the tumor; (3) pathology exam revealing adenocarcinoma. EXCLUSION CRITERIA: (1) rectal cancers; (2) benign pathology (e.g. diverticulitis). Results: We included 615 patients with left-sided colon cancer. 275 (44.7%) patients presented complicated disease. The complication was represented by obstruction in 205 (33.3%) patients (OG), hemorrhage in 55 (8.9%) patients (HG), and perforation in 15 (2.4%) patients (PG). The anastomotic leakage rate was similar between obstructive and elective cases (6.2% versus 6.5%, P 0.05), but was significantly higher for hemorrhagic patients (16%) (P=0.046). The 30-day complication rate and mortality were significantly higher in emergency patients (P 0.05). Conclusions: We found significant worse short- and long-term outcomes for patients with nonelective left-sided colon cancer resections. Correlating the ominous prognosis with the high incidence of the complicated disease, we may emphasize the impact on de complicated colon cancer on the general population.

Superior mesenteric artery first approach versus standard pancreaticoduodenectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) first approach was proposed recently as a new modification of the standard pancreaticoduodenectomy. Increasing evidence showed that a periadventiceal dissection of the SMA with early transection of the inflow during pancreaticoduodenectomy associates better early perioperative results, and setup the scene for long-term oncological benefits. The objectives of the current study are to compare the operative results and long-term oncological outcomes of SMA first approach pancreaticoduodenectomy (SMA-PD) with standard pancreaticoduodenectomy (S-PD). DATA SOURCES: Electronic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library was performed until July 2015. We considered randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized comparative studies (NRCSs) comparing SMA-PD with S-PD to be eligible if they included patients with periampullary cancers. RESULTS: A total of one RCT and thirteen NRCSs met the inclusion criteria, involving 640 patients with SMA-PD and 514 patients with S-PD. The SMA-PD was associated with less intraoperative bleeding, less blood transfusions and higher rate of associated venous resections. The pancreatic fistula and delayed gastric emptying had a significantly lower rate in the SMA-PD group. There were no differences between the two approaches regarding overall complications, major complication rates and in-hospital mortality. There was no difference regarding R0 resection rate, and one-, two- or three-year overall survival. The SMA-PD was associated with a lower local, hepatic and extrahepatic metastatic rate. CONCLUSIONS: The SMA-PD is associated with better perioperative outcomes, such as blood loss, transfusion requirements, pancreatic fistula, and delayed gastric emptying. Although the one-, two- or three-year overall survival rate is not superior, the SMA-PD has a lower local and metastatic recurrence rate.

Right Hemihepatectomy for Colon Cancer Metachronous Liver Metastasis in a Patient with Crohn\'s Disease: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Introduction: Twenty percent of patients with colorectal cancer present stage IV disease at the time of diagnosis. The Crohn's disease increases 20 times the risk of colorectal cancer and worsens the patients' prognosis. The objective of this case report is to illustrate the surgical resection of a liver metachronous metastasis of colon cancer origin in a patient with Crohn's disease. CASE REPORT: A 53-year old female patient was admitted to our hospital for a colon cancer metachronous liver metastasis. The patient was diagnosed for more than ten years with colonic Crohn's disease and ankylosing spondylitis. She had a Hartmann's type resection for sigmoid colon adenocarcinoma four years ago, and a secondary resection of the transverse colon with a right transverse colostomy for colonic stenosis one month before current admission. Abdominal Computed Tomography revealed a liver metastasis of 10/11 cm located in segments 6, 7, 8, in close contact with the right and middle hepatic veins and right Glissonian pedicle. A right hemihepatectomy was performed, using Pringle maneuver for 30 minutes. The patient was discharged after 12 days, without additional morbidities. Conclusions: Patients with liver metastases of colorectal origin in the presence of Crohn's disease come with significant clinical challenges. Inside the multimodality approach, liver resection represents the therapeutic approach associated with the best long-term oncological results.

Surgical Resection of Retroperitoneal Aggressive Angiomyxoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Aggressive angiomyxoma is a benign stromal tumor with a higher prevalence in middle-aged women. The objective of this case report is to illustrate the aggressive clinical behavior of this benign tumor. We present the case of a 45-year-old female patient, with tumor recurrence after multiple surgical resections of a pelvis-subperitoneal angiomyxoma. Surgical excision of the tumor, with extensive pelvic dissection and organ resection, was performed. The 12-month follow-up showed no tumor recurrence. Based on this case, and the published literature we may conclude that surgical resection represents the main treatment of aggressive angiomyxoma, even though it is associated with significant morbidity and a poor local control of the tumor.

Resection of Large Metachronous Liver Metastasis with Gastric Origin: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

INTRODUCTION: Increasing evidence suggests that surgical resection may be offered to a subgroup of patients with liver metastasis of gastric adenocarcinoma. The aim of this case report is to illustrate the surgical resection of a single liver metachronous recurrence twelve months after a radical total gastrectomy for cancer. CASE REPORT: A 63-year-old male patient with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 1 was referred to our hospital for a single, large liver metastasis, twelve months after a radical total gastrectomy and DII lymphadenectomy for upper third gastric adenocarcinoma. As the adjuvant treatment, the patient received 12 cycles of FOLFOX chemotherapy. During the present admission, the abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed a single liver metastasis located in the segments 5 and 6, of 105/85 mm in diameter. Surgical resection by an open approach of liver metastasis was decided. We performed a non-anatomical liver resection, without inflow control due to significant peritoneal adhesions in the liver hilum secondary to the previous lymphadenectomy. The patient was discharged after seven days, with an uneventful recovery. Six months after the second surgical procedure, the patient developed a local liver recurrence. The surgical resection of the liver recurrence was performed, with no postoperative morbidities, and the patient was discharged after eight days. Three months after the latest surgery, the patient is under adjuvant chemotherapy, with no imagistic signs of further recurrences. CONCLUSIONS:   Hepatic resection for liver metastasis of gastric origin may offer satisfactory oncological outcomes in a very selected subgroup of patients.

Nonoperative management of high degree hepatic trauma in the patient with risk factors for failure: have we gone too far?

BACKGROUND: Nonoperative management (NOM) of liver trauma is currently rather the rule than the exception. However, the current evidence presents subgroups of patients at higher risk for NOM failure. These patients must be treated more cautiously regarding the NOM approach. METHOD: A case report of 3 polytrauma patients (Injury Severity Score > 17) with high-degree liver trauma managed nonoperatively. RESULTS: The first case presented is the one of a polytrauma patient with degree IV liver injury and impaired mental status. It was a high risk for NOM failure because there was an angiographically hemostasis. The second case is one of a polytrauma patient who became hemodynamically stable after the administration of 2000 ml of fluid intravenously. There was a nonoperative approach with angiography and embolization of degree IV liver injury. Despite the success of the nonoperative treatment, there was an important hepatic necrosis following embolization. The third case is one of a polytrauma patient with a degree IV hepatic injury. Success was accomplished in NOM without an angiography. CONCLUSIONS: Nonoperative management of liver injuries can be applied safely even in high degree hepatic trauma. In hemodynamically metastable patients or impaired mental status patients, the nonoperative approach can be applied successfully, but the trauma surgeon must be very cautious.