Methods to assess ambivalence towards food and diet: a scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Ambivalence towards food and diet, which favours behavioural inertia, might be a barrier to adopting healthier eating behaviours. Measuring it can help researchers to better understand its relationship with behaviour change and design interventions aimed at resolving it. In this scoping review, we map and describe methods and tools employed in studies to assess, measure or classify the ambivalence of participants towards food- and diet-related attitude objects. METHODS: In accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for conducting scoping reviews, we retrieved peer-reviewed studies from MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, FSTA and Food Science Source and preprints from PsyArXiv and MedRxiv. Two independent reviewers screened the articles. We considered for inclusion peer-reviewed studies and preprints that assessed the ambivalence of participants of any age, sex or sociodemographic group towards food and diet. RESULTS: We included 45 studies published between 1992 and 2022, which included participants from 17 countries. Eighteen methods were employed across the included studies to assess different types of ambivalence (felt, potential or cognitive-affective), the most frequent of which were the Griffin Index, the Subjective Ambivalence Questionnaire, the MouseTracker Paradigm and the Orientation to Chocolate Questionnaire. CONCLUSION: This scoping review identified several methods and tools to assess different types of ambivalence towards food- and diet-related objects, providing an array of options for future studies.

Psychosocial determinants of adherence to oral antidiabetic medication among people with type 2 diabetes.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the psychosocial determinants of adherence to oral antidiabetic medication, according to the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). BACKGROUND: Appropriate adherence to oral antidiabetic medication contributes to long-term glycaemic control. However, glycaemic control is often poor in people with type 2 diabetes, mainly due to the poor adherence to oral antidiabetic agents. DESIGN: Prospective study with 2 waves of data collection, based on STROBE checklist was conducted. One hundred and fifty-seven adults with type 2 diabetes, in chronic use of oral antidiabetic agents, composed the sample. At baseline, self-reported measures of medication adherence (proportion and global evaluation of adherence) and of metabolic control (glycated haemoglobin) of diabetes were obtained. METHODS: The TPB main constructs (attitude, subjective norm and perceived control) and related beliefs were measured. Adherence and metabolic control measurements were obtained in a two-month follow-up (n = 157). RESULTS: Attitude and subjective norm, together, explained 30% of the variability in intention; their underlying belief-based measures (behavioural and normative beliefs) explained 28% of the variability in intention. In addition, intention predicted behaviour at follow-up. However, when added to the prediction model, past behaviour was the only explanatory factor of adherence behaviour. CONCLUSION: Adherence behaviour to oral antidiabetic medication was predicted by intention, which, in turn, was determined by attitude and subjective norm. In order to promote adherence to oral antidiabetic agents, health professionals should include motivational strategies as well as strategies targeted to attitude and subjective norm when designing interventions. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: The nonadherence to antidiabetic medication contributes to lack of control of diabetes and ensuing complications. The comprehension of the factors explaining the variability in medication adherence can inform the design of theory-based interventions aimed at promoting this behaviour.

What methods have been used to estimate salt intake? A systematic review.

The relationship between salt intake and cardiovascular diseases is a contemporary scientific controversy, which has been attributed to the limits of the measures of salt intake used in the studies. Thus, this article sought to systematically review the literature on the methods used to estimate salt intake in different study designs. Of the 124 articles, 60.5% used only biochemical measures, 26.6% only self-report measures and 12.9% reported the combined use of both methods. The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was the predominant biochemical method (79.1%) and the Food Frequency Questionnaire was the predominant self-report measure (36.4%). Interventional studies used mostly 24-hour urinary sodium excretion; while longitudinal studies used self-report measures. The question guiding the study and its design, as well as constraints related to costs, sample size and feasibility seems to influence the choice of the type of measurement.

Measurement properties and factor analysis of the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Scale-short form (DFS-SF).

The purpose of this paper is to provide measurement properties evaluation and factor analysis of the Brazilian version of the diabetic foot ulcer scale-short form (DFS-SF). This methodological study evaluated the measurement properties of the DFS-SF by ceiling and floor effect reliability, responsiveness, and structural construct validity. The study included 290 people with diabetic foot under regular follow-up in a specialised outpatient clinic in inland São Paulo. Reliability was assessed by internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and composite reliability. Ceiling and floor effects were assessed by the percentage of participants who scored the 15% worst (floor) and 15% best (ceiling) possible scale results. Validity was tested by correlating the instrument values with the domains of the Brazilian version of the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Responsiveness (n = 34) was accessed through the wound area obtained by photography and evaluated by the Image J Features program and the DFS-SF score at two moments, with a 4-week interval between them. The instrument had good evidence of reliability, shown by adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha in domains >0.70) and compound reliability (0.84 > CC > 0.92); and of convergent validity, by significant positive correlations of moderate to strong magnitude with SF-36. Structural construct validity was examined by applying the DFS-SF confirmatory factor analysis, which indicated that the Brazilian version of the instrument is properly fitted to the original dimensional structure. The ceiling and floor effect analysis showed no ceiling or floor effects. Responsiveness was observed in the wound area, but not in the DFS-SF scores in the times. The Brazilian version of the DFS-SF presented evidence of validity and reliability, suggesting that this instrument is a valid tool for assessing the quality of life of people with diabetic foot in the Brazilian population.

Dietary sources of salt intake in adults and older people: a population-based study in a Brazilian town.

OBJECTIVE: To assess salt intake and its dietary sources using biochemical and self-report methods and to characterize salt intake according to sociodemographic and disease-related variables in a sample of the Brazilian population. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Salt intake was assessed by biochemical (24 h urinary Na excretion) and self-report methods (sodium FFQ, 24 h dietary recall, seasoned-salt questionnaire, discretionary-salt questionnaire and total reported salt intake).ParticipantsAdults and older people (n 517) aged 20-80 years, living in Artur Nogueira, São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: Mean salt intake based on 24 h urinary Na excretion and total reported salt intake was 10·5 and 11·0 g/d, respectively; both measures were significantly correlated. Discretionary salt and seasoned salt were the most important sources of salt intake (68·2 %). Men in the study consumed more salt than women as estimated by 24 h urinary Na excretion (11·7 v. 9·6 g salt/d; P<0·0001). Participants known to be hypertensive added more salt to their meals but consumed less salty ultra-processed foods. Waist circumference in both sexes and BMI were positively correlated with salt intake estimated by 24 h urinary Na excretion. In addition, regression analysis revealed that being a young male or having a high waist circumference was a predictor of higher salt intake. CONCLUSIONS: Salt intake in this population was well above the recommended amount. The main source of salt intake came from salt added during cooking. Salt intake varied according to sex and waist circumference.

A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of planning strategies in the adherence to medication for coronary artery disease.

AIM: To examine the effect of action and coping planning strategies in the adherence to medication among outpatients with coronary artery disease. BACKGROUND: Action and coping planning strategies are based on implementation intention, which requires self-regulation by the individual, to prioritize intentionally planned responses over learned or habitual ones, from daily routines to stressful situations. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Participants (n = 115) were randomized into intervention (use of action and coping planning strategies, n = 59) or control (usual care, n = 56) groups. The study was conducted between June 2010-May 2011 in two in-person visits: baseline and 2-month follow-up. Participants in the intervention group received telephone reinforcement between baseline and 2-month follow-up. Adherence to medication for cardioprotection and symptoms relief was evaluated by proportion of adherence, global measure of adherence evaluation and Morisky Self-Reported Measure of Medication Adherence Scale at both baseline and 2-month follow-up. FINDINGS: When using the measure of global measure of adherence, participants in the intervention group reported adherence to therapy more often than controls (odds ratio = 5.3), but no statistically significant change was observed in the other two outcome measures. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that individuals who use action and coping planning report higher adherence to drug treatment, when measured by the global adherence evaluation. Further studies with longer follow-ups are needed to assess if the effect of planning strategies has long-term duration.

[Measuring instruments in cardiology adapted into Portuguese language of Brazil: a systematic review]. / Instrumentos de medida em cardiologia adaptados para a língua portuguesa do Brasil: uma revisão sistemática.

This was a systematic review aimed at identifying and characterizing measuring instruments, developed in the context of cardiology, which were adapted into Portuguese language of Brazil. Systematic searches were performed in six databases. Information extracted included cultural adaptation process and measurement properties. To assess the methodological quality of studies, criteria based on international guidelines for cultural adaptation of instruments were used. Among the 114 articles found, 14 were eligible for review. Of these, most evaluated quality of life (35.7%) and health knowledge/learning (28.6%). Most studies followed all stages of the adaptation process recommended in the literature. With respect to measurement properties, internal consistency, verified by Cronbach's alpha, was the property reported in the majority of the studies, as well as construct and criterion validity. This study is expected to provide to the scientific community a critical evaluation of adapted questionnaires available in the context of cardiology.

[Impact of the disease: acceptability, ceiling and floor effects and reliability of an instrument on heart failure]. / Impacto da doença: aceitabilidade, efeitos teto e chão e confiabilidade de um instrumento na insuficiência cardíaca.

This study evaluated the acceptability, ceiling/floor effects, and the reliability of the instrument for measuring the Impact of the Disease on the Daily Life of Patients with Valvular Disease (IDCV) when applied to 135 patients with heart failure (HF). Acceptability was evaluated by the percentage of unanswered items and by the proportion of patients who responded to all items; the ceiling/floor effects by the percentage of patients who scored in the top of 10% best and worst results of the scale, respectively. Reliability was estimated by internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient) and stability of the measure (intraclass correlation coefficient - ICC). All patients responded to all items. Ceiling/floor effects evidenced were of moderate magnitude. The Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for the majority of the domains and ICC> 0.90 in all the domains. The IDCV proved to be an easy to understand questionnaire, with evidence of reliability in patients with HF.

Development of a website for wound assessment.

INTRODUCTION: The assessment and treatment of wounds are nurses' and their teams' responsibilities, as it is up to the nurses to outline a therapeutic plan for tissue repair. For the evaluation process, the nurse must be scientifically trained and use reliable instruments. OBJECTIVE: Website development for wound assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a methodological study that developed a website to evaluate wounds based on an assessment questionnaire called Expected Results of the Evaluation of Chronic Wound Healing (RESVECH 2.0), which consists of an adapted and validated instrument. RESULTS: The website construction followed the basic flowchart of elaboration. To use it, the professionals create their login and subsequently register their patients. Then, they answer six questionnaires that form the evaluation process according to RESVECH 2.0. The website allows nurses to monitor the patient's evolution through graphs and previous assessments that are filed in a database. For the evaluation process, the professional needs to have a technological internet-accessed device, such as a tablet or cell phone, in order to make wound care assistance more practical and efficient. CONCLUSION: the findings demonstrate the importance of adding technology to assistance in the treatment of wounds and may provide more qualified service and more resolutive treatment.

Nursing Training for Early Clinical Deterioration Risk Assessment: Protocol for an Implementation Study.

BACKGROUND: During the hospitalization period, it is possible to observe considerable changes in the vital parameters of patients, which may require emergency interventions or intensive treatment. The alteration of signs and symptoms that lead to physiological instability that can worsen the clinical picture with progression to shock, respiratory failure, or cardiorespiratory arrest is currently defined as clinical deterioration. Identifying signs of clinical deterioration at an early stage can lead to substantial decreases in mortality rates, the need for emergency interventions, and unscheduled treatments in intensive care units. Identifying and appropriately referring patients who show signs of clinical deterioration can be facilitated by applying early warning systems that provide rapid responses. The nursing team is usually the first to identify clinical changes in patients. Although the literature demonstrates that early recognition of clinical deterioration is the key to early intervention and leads to better outcomes, we only sometimes pursue the most appropriate intervention. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to implement and evaluate an evidence-based professional training program designed for nurses and coordinated by a nurse using the "just-in-time" methodology and the National Early Warning Score 2 (NEWS2) to assess the risk of early clinical deterioration and appropriate referral in inpatient units of a public university hospital in southeastern Brazil. METHODS: This intervention protocol is structured according to the recommendations of the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) Declaration 2013. The type of training to be offered, "Just-in-Time Training," consists of a teaching modality that facilitates the delivery of a time-based and work-based education, with greater emphasis on providing on-the-job learning as needed. A qualitative stage will also be conducted through focus groups and interviews with nurses to verify the factors that influence the professional practice related to the early evaluation of the clinic. A script of previously tested questions will guide and standardize the different groups. The data will define the intervention's elements: the strategy, the type of training, the location, the teaching methodology, and the teaching material. RESULTS: The study has received authorization from the ethics committee, and participants will be recruited in July 2023. Data collection should be completed in October of the same year. The results obtained at the end of this research will be shared with the participating nursing team through the presentation of reports. In addition, the research results will be submitted to scientific journals and presented at international scientific conferences. CONCLUSIONS: This study will support nurses and possibly other clinicians to improve their approach to early recognition of clinical deterioration in patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials RBR-5hq9y3k; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-5hq9y3k. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): PRR1-10.2196/47293.

Validation of the Advanced Practice Nursing Competency Assessment Instrument in a hospital environment.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the measurement properties of the Advanced Practice Nursing Competency Assessment Instrument - Brazilian version, in the hospital environment. METHODS: a methodological study conducted in a hospital with 238 nurses. Three instruments collect the data: sample characterization form, Brazilian version of the Advanced Practice Nursing Competency Assessment Instrument, and the category "therapeutic interventions" of the nurse competence scale. Construct validity was verified by confirmatory factor analysis and Spearman's correlation coefficient, and reliability by Cronbach's Alpha and composite reliability. RESULTS: in the factor analysis, the model converged to a satisfactory result. The study found acceptable evidence of reliability (Cronbach's Alpha, 0.76-0.87; and composite reliability, 0.85-0.90). CONCLUSIONS: the instrument demonstrated evidence of construct validity and internal consistency and can be used in practice.

A Mobile Phone App Intervention to Promote Healthy Salt Intake Among Adults: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Study.

BACKGROUND: There is sound evidence associating high salt intake and a greater risk of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases. High salt intake has been observed in several populations worldwide. Therefore, promoting healthier salt consumption has been encouraged as a low-cost strategy to reduce this risk factor. However, these strategies need to be sound, built on theoretical and methodological bases, and consider the target population's context. OBJECTIVE: This protocol aims to describe a mobile phone app intervention to promote healthy salt intake among adults. METHODS: This is an experimental and longitudinal study protocol conducted in three modules. Module 1 refers to the planning of the intervention based on the Behaviour Change Wheel framework. Module 2 is the development of the mobile phone app intervention based on the date of module 1. In module 3, the intervention will be evaluated using a randomized controlled study, with three steps of data collection in a 2-month follow-up in a sample of 86 adults (43 participants for each group: the control group and intervention group) recruited from the primary health care centers of a Brazilian town. The discretionary salt intake questionnaire will assess salt consumption, the app usability will be assessed using the System Usability Scale, and psychosocial variables (habit, intention, and self-efficacy) will also be measured. RESULTS: Recruitment began in October 2021, and the follow-up will end in August 2022. The results of this study are expected to be published in 2023. CONCLUSIONS: Results from this study will help people to control salt intake when cooking at home, will stimulate self-care, will work as an alternative or supportive method in the relationship between health care professionals and patients, and will contribute to implementing the app intervention to promote healthy salt intake on a large scale. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry RBR-4s8qyyq; https://ensaiosclinicos.gov.br/rg/RBR-4s8qyyq. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/37853.

Content Validity of a Questionnaire Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior to Assess the Psychosocial Determinants of Insulin Adherence.

OBJECTIVES: To verify the content validity of questions of an insulin adherence questionnaire based on the Theory Planned Behavior in outpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: The instrument was derived from a tool created to evaluate psychosocial determinants of adherence to oral antidiabetics medications in the Brazilian context, and was submitted for evaluation by a committee of experts and members of the target population. The item-level content validity index, the scale-level content validity index averaging calculation method, and the modified kappa coefficient were used to evaluate agreement among specialists. The comprehensibility of the instrument by members of the target population was qualitatively analyzed. RESULTS: The item-level content validity index was found to be lower than desired in 6 of the 20 items analyzed. Of these, one item was modified and 5 were excluded after the comprehensibility evaluation by members of the target population; one item from the perceived control scale was excluded. Content validation resulted in an instrument with 14 items, distributed in the domains intention (4 items), attitude (3 items), perceived norm (4 items), and perceived control (4 items) scales. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support good evidence of the content validity of the instrument for use among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin therapy.

Musculoskeletal symptoms and work ability in a context of electronic judicial process.

INTRODUCTION: The recent transformations undergone by Brazilian labor court, especially with the introduction of electronic process of law (processo judicial eletrônico [PJe]), had a significant influence on how people work. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and work ability in public sector employees working in a specialized labor court body. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 449 workers, who provided demographic and occupational information and completed the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and the Work Ability Index (WAI). RESULTS: Symptoms occurred more frequently in wrists/hands (62.4%), shoulders (62.1%), and neck (60.4%) in the past 12 months, and in the neck (29.8%), shoulders (29.4%), and wrists/hands (29.2%) in the past 7 days. The mean WAI score was 38.7 (6.4), and 31.4% of participants had poor or moderate work ability. WAI scores were poorer when participants had previous problems, and the number of body segments involved in complaints was greater among those with inadequate work ability. CONCLUSIONS: Higher frequency of musculoskeletal symptoms in wrists/hands, shoulders, and neck may be related to using PJe for work and is associated with poorer work ability scores, highlighting the importance of preventive interventions for work-related musculoskeletal disorders.

Effect of implementation intention on walking in people with diabetes: an experimental approach.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of implementation intentions as an intervention strategy to promote walking in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS: We conducted a controlled and randomized trial, with 12 months of follow-up, involving 65 people with T2DM recruited from primary health care units and allocated them in the control group (CG, n = 32) and intervention group (IG, n = 33). The IG received the implementation intention strategy to promote walking and the CG remained in follow-up for conventional treatment in primary health care. The researchers were blinded by anthropometric measurements and the filling of the instruments. RESULTS: After twelve months of follow up, the IG presented a statistically significant increase in the leisure time physical activity when compared with the CG (p = 0.0413) and showed a significant decrease in waist circumference (p = 0.0061). No significant difference was observed regarding body mass index and glycated hemoglobin among groups. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation intention was effective in promoting walking and improving clinical indicators in adults with T2DM.

Effect of an 'implementation intention' intervention on adherence to oral anti-diabetic medication in Brazilians with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of an implementation intention intervention on adherence to an oral anti-diabetic medication regime, diabetes-related distress and on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A randomized, parallel-group, single-center controlled trial was conducted among adults with type 2 diabetes being managed at the primary care level. The intervention group (IG, n = 45) received an 'implementation intention' intervention; the control group (CG, n = 45) received standard care. Primary outcomes were the taking of oral anti-diabetic medication, global adherence and level of glycated hemoglobin. The secondary outcome was diabetes-related distress. Data were gathered at baseline and after 15 weeks. RESULTS: The IG showed improvements in adherence to an oral anti-diabetic medication regime (p < 0.0001), glycemic control (p < 0.0001) and diabetes-related distress (p < 0.0001) relative to the CG. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation intention intervention enhanced adherence to an oral anti-diabetic medication regime, which had positive effects on blood glucose levels and diabetes-related distress. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Adherence to an oral anti-diabetic medication regime can decrease blood glucose levels and diabetes-related distress and thus reduce complications of type 2 diabetes.

Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM version 1.4): Ceiling and Floor Effects, Reliability, and Known-Group Validity in Brazilian Outpatients With Hypertension.

OBJECTIVES: Evaluate the acceptability, ceiling and floor effects, reliability, and known-group validity of the Brazilian version of the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM) version 1.4 in patients with hypertension. METHODS: The sample consisted of 300 hypertensive patients undergoing treatment in an outpatient department. The acceptability was evaluated from the items not answered in the TSQM. The reliability of the TSQM was estimated through Cronbach's alpha. Known-group validity tested whether the TSQM discriminates satisfaction between different stages of hypertension, diagnoses of left ventricular hypertrophy, medication adherence, and occurrence of side effects. RESULTS: The TSQM had high acceptability (99% of participants answered all items). A substantial ceiling effect was found in the side effect (89%) and global satisfaction (29%) subscales. Reliability evaluated with Cronbach's alpha showed values >0.76 in all subscales. Known-group validity was supported with a statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction effectiveness between the hypertension groups and those without left ventricular hypertrophy. Regarding medication adherence, the TSQM was able to discriminate satisfaction in the side effect and global satisfaction subscales. A significantly higher satisfaction was found in all subscales of the TSQM in those patients without side effects. CONCLUSIONS: The TSQM is a reliable and valid questionnaire to be used in Brazilians with hypertension.

Psychometric Properties of the Freiburg Life Quality Assessment for Wounds Among Burned Patients.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Psychometric performance of quality of life (QoL) instruments must be evaluated prior to use. The Freiburg Life Quality Assessment for wounds (FLQA-w) emerged as one possible tool for burned patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the performance of FLQA-w in this population. METHODS: Composite reliability (CR) coefficients were estimated; convergent validity was assessed by Burns Specific Health Scale-Revised (BSHS-R), abbreviated QoL instrument (WHOQOL-BREF), and the visual analog scale; and responsiveness by comparing with the three visual analog scales. RESULTS: CR coefficients of FLQA-w domains were suitable (0.72-0.88). Correlations were strong and negative (r = -.51 to -.76). Responsiveness was adequate-statistically significant changes were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate reliable, valid, and responsive psychometric performance of the FLQA-w among burned patients.

Impact of implementation intentions on physical activity practice in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of using theory-based strategies on implementation intentions in promoting physical activity (PA) among adults. METHODS: This review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA recommendations. The search was carried out in seven electronic databases (LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane, Web of Science) and two searches of the "grey literature" were performed (Openthesis and OpenGrey). Randomized clinical trials (RCT), published up to September 2016, were considered eligible for this study. Two reviewers independently and systematically evaluated the eligibility criteria, and performed data extraction. A meta-analysis was performed for the purpose of comparing the effect between the intervention and control groups. The effect sizes were grouped in two subgroups with the purpose of more accurately verifying the effect caused by reinforcing the implementation intentions strategy, and using the inverse variance statistical method with random effects models to estimate the main effect of the implementation intention strategy on the PA behavior. Heterogeneity among the studies was evaluated by using I-square statistics, and the Jadad scale to evaluate the quality of included papers. RESULTS: The search resulted in 12,147 records, of which 13 RCTs were considered eligible for this review. Sample age ranged from 18 to 76 years, and participants had conditions such as medullary lesion, coronary disease, obesity, diabetes mellitus, sedentarism or occupational stress. When the summary of the effect was analyzed in the meta-analysis, the result found in the subgroup with reinforcement of the implementation intentions strategy was 0.25 (IC 95% = 0.05-0.45) in favor of the intervention group. This demonstrated that application of the implementation intentions strategy was capable of increasing PA practice in the participants of these studies, in comparison with others that did not use this reinforcement. CONCLUSION: The findings of this review indicated that application of the theory of implementation intentions promoted PA behavior among the adults who received reinforcement of this strategy. The systematic review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database under the number CRD42018090482.

Validade e Confiabilidade do Instrumento Resultados Esperados da Avaliação da Cicatrização de Feridas Crônicas (Resvech 2.0) / Validity and Reliability of the Expected Results of the Evaluation of Chronic Wound Healing (Resvech 2.0) / Validez y Fiabilidad de los Resultados Esperados de la Evaluación de la Cicatrización Crónica de Heridas (Resvech 2.0)

Introdução:As feridas de difícil cicatrização incidem em uma problemática de saúde devido a sua elevada prevalência e etiologias multifatoriais. O tratamento se inicia na prescrição do agente terapêutico apropriado, sucedido do uso de instrumentos que permitam ao profissional documentar as avaliações da ferida. Objetivo: O estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a confiabilidade e validade da versão brasileira do instrumento RESVECH 2.0 no contexto das feridas de difícil cicatrização. Método: Realizou-se um estudo metodológico. Inicialmente, foi aplicada uma entrevista nos participantes com o intuito de estabelecer um perfil; após, foram realizadas as avaliações das feridas de difícil cicatrização de qualquer etiologia (n = 179) com os instrumentos RESVECH 2.0 e Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing 3.0 (PUSH 3.0). Resultado: As propriedades psicométricas avaliadas foram a validade do construto convergente, confiabilidade interobservadores e consistência interna. A confiabilidade de consistência interna apresentou os valores de 0,561 e 0,535. A confiabilidade interobservadores apresentou um valor Kappa que varia entre 0,14 e 0,76 e um coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC) de 0,87. Para a validade de construto convergente, foi aplicado o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman para os dados dos escores dos instrumentos RESVECH 2.0 e PUSH 3.0 (n = 150), coeficiente obtido foi igual a 0,717. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o instrumento demonstrou evidências de confiabilidade e validade.

Introduction:Wounds that are difficult to heal are a health problem due to their high prevalence and multifactorial etiologies. Treatment begins with the prescription of the appropriate therapeutic agent, followed by the use of instruments that allow the professional to document wound assessments. Objective: The study aims to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the RESVECH 2.0 instrument in the context of difficult-to-heal wounds. Methods: A methodological study was carried out. Initially, participants were interviewed in order to establish a profile; then evaluations of difficult-to-heal wounds of any etiology (n = 179) were performed with RESVECH 2.0 and Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing 3.0 (PUSH 3.0) instruments. Results: The psychometric properties evaluated were convergent construct validity, interobserver reliability and internal consistency. Internal consistency reliability showed the values of 0.561 and 0.535. Interobserver reliability showed a Kappa value ranging from 0.14 to 0.76 and an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.87. For convergent construct validity, Spearman's correlation coefficient was applied to RESVECH 2.0 and PUSH 3.0 scores (n = 150); the coefficient obtained was 0.717. Conclusion: It is concluded that the instrument showed evidence of reliability and validity.

Introducción:Las heridas de difícil cicatrización constituyen un problema de salud por su alta prevalencia y etiologías multifactoriales. El tratamiento comienza con la prescripción del agente terapéutico adecuado, seguido por el uso de instrumentos que permiten al profesional documentar la evaluación de la herida. Objetivo: El estudio pretende evaluar la fiabilidad y validez de la versión brasileña del instrumento RESVECH 2.0 en el contexto de heridas de difícil cicatrización. Método: Se realizó un estudio metodológico. Inicialmente, se aplicó una entrevista a los participantes para establecer un perfil; a continuación, se realizaron las evaluaciones de las heridas de difícil cicatrización de cualquier etiología (n = 179) con los instrumentos RESVECH 2.0 y Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing 3.0 (PUSH 3.0). Resultados: Las propiedades psicométricas evaluadas fueron la validez de constructo convergente, la fiabilidad interobservador y la consistencia interna. La fiabilidad de la consistencia interna presentó los valores de 0,561 y 0,535. La fiabilidad interobservador presentó un valor Kappa que osciló entre 0,14 y 0,76 y un coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) de 0,87. Para la validez de constructo convergente, se aplicó el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman a los datos de las puntuaciones de los instrumentos RESVECH 2.0 y PUSH 3.0 (n = 150); el coeficiente obtenido fue de 0,717. Conclusión: Se concluye que el instrumento mostró indicios de fiabilidad y validez.