Factors influencing the positivity of diagnostic tests for congenital syphilis.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the positivity of treponemal and non-treponemal tests in cases of congenital syphilis. METHODS: This cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out from the analysis of the database of Disease and Notification Information System (SINAN, in Portuguese) using the data obtained through the Epidemiological Surveillance Group 29, with 639 notifications of congenital syphilis between 2007 and 2018. The data were analyzed by a descriptive and inferential analysis from logistic regression with a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). RESULTS: The positivity of the treponemal test was higher by 4.5 times in infants living in rural areas and 19.6 times among those whose mothers obtained the diagnosis of syphilis after birth. The treponemal test showed positivity 3.2 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed between 2007 and 2015" and 5.5 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed with maternal syphilis in the postpartum period." CONCLUSION: This study shows that testing during prenatal care is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of syphilis complications.

Burnout Syndrome in Selectable Athletes for the Brazilian Handball Team-Children Category.

To investigate the presence of burnout syndrome in child athlete tryouts for the Brazilian Handball Team, before and after the National Development and Technical Improvement Camp is of great interest. A correlational study, with longitudinal design of the before-and-after type, carried out with 64 male athletes in the children's category, immersed in the National Camp for Development and Improvement of Handball Technique, in the municipality of São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo, Brazil, in December 2018. To evaluate burnout syndrome, we used the Athlete Burnout Questionnaire (ABQ). There was a statistically significant increase of the mean scores for burnout and dimensions (Physical and Emotional Exhaustion = 1.5 to 1.6; p-value < 0.001; Reduced Sense of Accomplishment = 2.7 to 2.9; p-value < 0.001; Sports Devaluation = 1.4 to 1.6; p-value < 0.001; and General Burnout = 1.9 to 2.0; p-value < 0.001). The athletes selected for the national team had lower mean scores for general burnout and dimensions (Physical and Emotional Exhaustion = 1.5; Reduced Sense of Accomplishment = 2.7; Sports Devaluation = 1.5; General Burnout = 1.9). The National Camp for Development and Technical Improvement can have a negative impact on the mental health of athletes. This event is important to select the competitors with greater ability to face the pressure and adversities present in the sport environment.

Analysis of the Coping Strategies of Primary Health Care Professionals: Cross-Sectional Study in a Large Brazilian Municipality.

Objective: To analyze the coping strategies used by primary healthcare (PHC) professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study realized with professionals working in primary healthcare units in São José do Rio Preto, a large city in the interior of São Paulo, Brazil. For data collection, we used an instrument developed by the researchers containing sociodemographic and professional variables, as well as the Problem Coping Modes Scale (EMEP). Results: We evaluated 333 PHC professionals. A difference was observed between the scores of the four coping strategies (p < 0.001), with the highest score for the problem-focused strategy (3.8) and the lowest score for the emotion-focused strategy (2.4). Physicians had the lowest scores in coping strategies focused on religious practices/fantastical thinking (p < 0.001) and pursuit of social support (p = 0.045), while community health agents had the highest scores in these coping strategies. Conclusions: Professionals working in PHC have different coping strategies for the problems and stressful situations experienced in the work environment. These strategies can involve more positive attitudes focused on confrontation and problem solving, and on emotional responses that involve attitudes of avoidance and denial of the problem.

Analysis of vaccine loss due to temperature change.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze vaccine losses in a Health Region in the Northwest of São Paulo. METHODS: retrospective cross-sectional study with secondary data obtained from Temperature Change Notification Forms used by the Epidemiological Surveillance Group XXIX of São José do Rio Preto between 2010 and 2017. Descriptive and inferential analysis were performed using multiple linear regression and significance level of 95%. RESULTS: in total, 341 notifications of temperature changes were analyzed, of which 70.1% were caused by structural reasons, 57.8% in industrial refrigerators and 91.2% in primary care services. Of the doses that suffered a change in temperature, 41.4% were lost and 58.6% were administered to the population. The highest percentage of lost doses compared to those applied occurred in smaller municipalities, although they reported less. CONCLUSIONS: nursing workers who work in vaccination rooms should make efforts to prevent temperature changes and avoid losses and higher public expenses.

The epidemiological dimension of TB/HIV co-infection.

This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological indicators of TB/HIV co-infection in São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil from 1998 to 2006. Data of new TB cases that initiated treatment between January 1998 and December 2006 were obtained from the TB Notification System (EPI-TB) and 306 cases were reported. The incidence rate was 5.1/100,000 inhabitants in 2006. Most cases were men (72.5%) with ages ranging between 20 and 59 years (96.4 %). The majority (51%) had incomplete primary education. Pulmonary TB was the most common type (52.9%) and 46.1% of the patients received supervised treatment. In 2006, the cure rate was 33.3%, 14.3% death rate and no patient abandoned the treatment. Diagnosis occurred at the hospital in 60% of the cases. Results show the need of improved coordination between the city's Tuberculosis Control Program and the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and HIV Program.

Profile and speech-language rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cancer. / Perfil e reabilitação fonoaudiológica de pacientes com câncer de laringe.

PURPOSE: to describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile and analyze the voice rehabilitation outcomes of patients with laryngeal cancer. METHODS: cross-sectional study with 204 individuals with laryngeal cancer treated between 1989 and 2015. The variables describing the patients' profile were presented in absolute values (n) and percentage (%). The association between the speech-language therapy outcome and the sociodemographic and clinical characterization variables was verified by means of uni- and multivariate techniques. RESULTS: 95.1% of the patients are male; 53.43% are aged 60 or more; 77.37% have elementary education; 44.12% are in the service industry; 81.63% smoke and consume alcohol; 30.4% are stage T3. Absence of nodules was found in 72.00%, and of metastasis, in 85.6% of patients. The most frequent therapeutic procedure was complete or partial laryngectomy (69.61%). There was an association among education, disease stage, habits, and therapeutic outcome with speech-language therapy (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Several causes can affect the prognosis of vocal rehabilitation in patients with laryngeal cancer. Optimization and diversification of new therapeutic procedures are challenges for these patients' speech-language rehabilitation.

OBJETIVO: descrever o perfil clínico e sociodemográfico e o desfecho da reabilitação fonoaudiológica de pacientes com câncer de laringe. MÉTODO: estudo transversal com 204 pessoas atendidas entre 1989 e 2015. A associação entre desfecho da fonoterapia e variáveis de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínicas foi verificada por técnicas univariadas e multivariadas. RESULTADOS: prevalência do gênero masculino (95,10%), 60 anos ou mais (53,43%), ensino fundamental (77,37%), setor de serviços (44,12), tabagistas e etilistas (81,63%); estágio T3 (30,4%), ausência de nódulos (72,00%) e de metástase (85,6%). O procedimento terapêutico mais frequente foi a laringectomia total ou parcial (69,61%). Houve associação da escolaridade, estágio da doença, hábitos e procedimento terapêutico com desfecho da fonoterapia (p<0,001). CONCLUSÃO: fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos podem interferir no prognóstico da reabilitação vocal de pessoas com câncer de laringe. A otimização e diversificação de novos procedimentos terapêuticos são desafios na reabilitação fonoaudiológica destas pessoas.

Pessoas idosas que moram sozinhas: análise de demanda para os serviços sociais e saúde / Older adults living alone: demand analysis for social and health services / Personas ancianas que viven solas: análisis de la demanda de servicios sociales y de salud

Objetivo: Analisar as condições sociais, demográficas, econômicas, de vida e saúde, de apoio social e cuidado de pessoas idosas que moram sozinhas. Método: Estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa por meio de uma entrevista com questionário semiestruturado com idosos. Utilizou-se uma análise univariada a partir do teste qui-quadrado, de análise de correspondência múltipla e de cluster pelo procedimento não hierárquico. Resultados: Foram encontrados quatro principais agrupamentos de pessoas idosas que moram só, sendo eles: o primeiro, dos mais longevos com comorbidades respiratórias e que precisam de ajuda regularmente; o segundo, de idosos sem apoio a que recorrer; o terceiro, composto por homens com mais apoio; e o quarto, de mulheres mais independentes de apoio e cuidado. Conclusão: Esse diagnóstico da situação de pessoas idosas que vivem sozinhas evidencia um impacto direto e indireto nos serviços sociais e de saúde, subsidiando reformulações e implantações de políticas públicas de apoio e cuidado

Objective: To analyze the social, demographic, economic, living, and health conditions, social support, and care of older adults who live alone. Method: Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach using a semi-structured questionnaire interview with older adults. A univariate analysis was carried out with the chi-square test, multiple correspondence analysis and cluster analysis with a non-hierarchical procedure. Results: There was statistical significance among the variables sex (p=0.013), marital status (p<0.001), financial head of the household (p<0.001), contribution to family support (p=0.038), indebtedness (p=0.034), kidney disease (p=0.009), and all the social support and care variables (p≤0.05). Four groups were found in which longest-lived adults have comorbidities (pulmonary and respiratory disease) and need help regularly, older adults have no support, men have more support, and women are more independent of support and care. Conclusion: This diagnosis of the situation of older adults living alone supports the implementation of public support and care policies

Objetivo: Analizar las condiciones sociodemográficas, económicas, de vida y de salud, de apoyo social y cuidado de las personas mayores que viven solas. Método: Estudio transversal, con enfoque cuantitativo, que utilizó entrevista con cuestionario semiestructurado aplicado a adultos mayores. Se utilizó un análisis univariante basado en la prueba de chi-cuadrado, análisis de correspondencia múltiple y análisis de clústeres mediante un procedimiento no jerárquico. Resultados: Se encontraron cuatro principales clústeres de personas mayores que viven solas, que son: el grupo de los más longevos con comorbilidades respiratorias y que necesitan de ayuda regularmente; el de las personas mayores que no tienen a quien les asista; el grupo de hombres que tienen más apoyo; y el de las mujeres independientes de apoyo y atención. Conclusión: Este diagnóstico de la situación de los ancianos que viven solos muestra un impacto directo e indirecto en los servicios sociales y de salud, lo que apunta a la necesidad de reformulaciones e implementaciones de políticas públicas de apoyo y cuidado

Factors influencing the positivity of diagnostic tests for congenital syphilis

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the positivity of treponemal and non-treponemal tests in cases of congenital syphilis. METHODS: This cross-sectional and correlational study was carried out from the analysis of the database of Disease and Notification Information System (SINAN, in Portuguese) using the data obtained through the Epidemiological Surveillance Group 29, with 639 notifications of congenital syphilis between 2007 and 2018. The data were analyzed by a descriptive and inferential analysis from logistic regression with a significance level of 5% (p≤0.05). RESULTS: The positivity of the treponemal test was higher by 4.5 times in infants living in rural areas and 19.6 times among those whose mothers obtained the diagnosis of syphilis after birth. The treponemal test showed positivity 3.2 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed between 2007 and 2015" and 5.5 times higher for the variable "having been diagnosed with maternal syphilis in the postpartum period." CONCLUSION: This study shows that testing during prenatal care is essential for early diagnosis and prevention of syphilis complications.

Tuberculosis contact control in Brazil: a literature review (1984-2004).

This study aims to review plans for tuberculosis control through the analysis of measures for tuberculosis contact tracing in Brazil from 1984 to 2004. This article presents a literature review on tuberculosis control published in manuals of the Ministry of Health and the State Department of Health of Sao Paulo, and in Medline and Lilacs databases. There was a gap in the standardization of control measures in the decade from 1984 to 1994. It was concluded that health professionals need to incorporate TB control and prevention actions from the perspective of health surveillance and systematic monitoring.

Analysis of vaccine loss due to temperature change / Análisis de pérdida de vacuna por cambio de temperatura / Análise da perda de vacinas por alteração de temperatura

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze vaccine losses in a Health Region in the Northwest of São Paulo. Methods: retrospective cross-sectional study with secondary data obtained from Temperature Change Notification Forms used by the Epidemiological Surveillance Group XXIX of São José do Rio Preto between 2010 and 2017. Descriptive and inferential analysis were performed using multiple linear regression and significance level of 95%. Results: in total, 341 notifications of temperature changes were analyzed, of which 70.1% were caused by structural reasons, 57.8% in industrial refrigerators and 91.2% in primary care services. Of the doses that suffered a change in temperature, 41.4% were lost and 58.6% were administered to the population. The highest percentage of lost doses compared to those applied occurred in smaller municipalities, although they reported less. Conclusions: nursing workers who work in vaccination rooms should make efforts to prevent temperature changes and avoid losses and higher public expenses.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las pérdidas de vacunas en una Región de Salud del Noroeste de São Paulo. Métodos: estudio transversal retrospectivo, con datos secundarios obtenidos de los formularios de notificación de cambios de temperatura utilizados por el Grupo XXIX de Vigilancia Epidemiológica de São José do Rio Preto entre 2010 y 2017. Se realizó el análisis descriptivo e inferencial y se utilizó la regresión lineal múltiple y nivel de significancia del 95%. Resultados: se analizaron 341 notificaciones de cambios de temperatura, de las cuales el 70,1% fueron por motivos estructurales, el 57,8% en frigoríficos industriales y el 91,2% en los servicios de atención primaria. De las dosis que sufrieron un cambio de temperatura, el 41,4% se perdieron y el 58,6% se administraron a la población. El mayor porcentaje de dosis perdidas en comparación con las aplicadas se produjo en los municipios más pequeños, aunque informaron menos. Conclusiones: los trabajadores de enfermería que laboran en las salas de vacunación deben esforzarse por prevenir cambios de temperatura, evitando pérdidas y aumento de los gastos públicos.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as perdas de vacinas em uma Região de Saúde do Noroeste paulista. Métodos: estudo transversal retrospectivo, com dados secundários obtidos das fichas de notificação de alteração de temperatura utilizadas pelo Grupo de Vigilância Epidemiológica XXIX de São José do Rio Preto, entre 2010 e 2017. Foi realizada análise descritiva e inferencial, utilizando regressão linear múltipla e nível de significância de 95%. Resultados: foram analisadas 341 notificações de alteração de temperatura, sendo 70,1% causadas por motivos estruturais, 57,8% em refrigeradores industriais e 91,2% em serviços de atenção básica. Das doses que sofreram alteração de temperatura, 41,4% foram perdidas e 58,6% foram administradas na população. O maior percentual de doses perdidas em relação às aplicadas ocorreu em municípios menores, apesar de eles notificarem menos Conclusões: os trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuam em salas de vacinação devem se empenhar para prevenir alterações de temperatura, evitando perdas e aumento dos gastos públicos.

Delays in tuberculosis suspicion and diagnosis and related factors.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the delays in tuberculosis (TB) suspicion and diagnosis and to identify factors related. METHODS: We defined the delay in TB suspicion as the time between the perception of the symptoms by the patient and the search for health-care service and the diagnosis, as the time between the first visit to the health-care service and the diagnosis. We interviewed 100 patients treated at the health services in São José do Rio Preto that were diagnosed and reported/notified in 2008 and 2009, and the delays were quantified. We obtained the possible explanatory variables from interviews and secondary information available in the surveillance system. The addresses of TB patients and health-care services were geocoded. Variables were assessed by multiple linear regression analysis and, when spatial dependency was detected, by spatial regression. RESULTS: The median values for the delays in TB suspicion and diagnosis were both 15 days. The first was modeled by linear regression and a positive relationship was found with the distances covered by the patients in order to get primary health-care service. The last was modeled by spatial regression and a positive relationship was found with the age and the frequency with the patients sought health-care services and a negative relationship with the pulmonary clinical form. CONCLUSION: The study revealed the existence of gaps in TB control activities related to the patients and the organization of the health-care services and showed the importance of taking into account the spatial dependence of the phenomena analyzed.

Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens in a specialized care service in Brazil.

In a retrospective study about the epidemiology of exposure to bloodborne pathogens among health care providers, 71.10% of the analyzed events occurred among health professionals, mainly auxiliary nurses. Percutaneous exposure (83.04%) was the most frequent. Greater advances are necessary in the development of public policies for this issue in terms of inspection of regulatory norms and raising the professionals' awareness through policy and education.

Vulnerabilidade de estudantes de Medicina relacionada ao conhecimento sobre tuberculose / Vulnerability of medical students related to knowledge about tuberculosis

Objetivo: Identificar aspectos associados à vulnerabilidade de estudantes de Medicina, relacionada ao conhecimento sobre a tuberculose. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, realizado em 2017, com estudantes do primeiro ao terceiro ano de Medicina. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se tabelas de contingência, com aplicação do odds ratio e intervalo de confiança de 95%, e teste qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, considerando p≤0,05. Resultados: Participaram 182 estudantes, com predomínio de mulheres (63,2%), faixa etária 21-25 anos (56,6%), matriculados no ciclo básico (61,0%). Os sinais e sintomas mais referidos foram tosse (91,2%), febre (42,3%) e hemoptise (34,1%); a principal causa da doença foi Bacilo de Koch/Mycobacterium tuberculosis (53,8%); o meio de transmissão foi a via respiratória (63,7%) e o meio de prevenção foi evitar contato com a pessoa doente (35,2%). A maioria dos estudantes referiu que a doença tem tratamento (91,8%) e cura (85,2%); o tratamento é realizado por antibioticoterapia (38,5%) e medicação (31,9%). Conclusão: Os estudantes de medicina apresentaram vulnerabilidade relacionada ao conhecimento sobre a doença, o que permite o identificar a existência de lacunas no processo de formação. (AU)

Objective: To identify aspects associated with the vulnerability of medical students, useful for knowledge about tuberculosis. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, carried out in 2017, with students from the first to the third year of Medicine. For an analysis of the data used contingency tables, with application of odds ratio and 95% confidence interval, and chi-square or Fisher's exact test, considering p≤0.05. Results: 182 students participated, with a predominance of women (63.2%), aged between 21 and 25 years (56.6%), enrolled in the basic cycle (61.0%). The most serious signs and symptoms were (91.2%), fever (42.3%) and hemoptysis (34.1%); the main cause of disease was Koch's Bacillus/Mycobacterium tuberculosis (53.8%); the means of transmission was respiratory (63.7%) and the means of prevention was to avoid contact with a sick person (35.2%). Most students reported that the disease is treated (91.8%) and cured (85.2%); treatment is carried out by antibiotic therapy (38.5%) and medication (31.9%). Conclusion: Medical students detected a useful vulnerability to knowledge about a disease, which allows to identify the presence of gaps in the training process. (AU)

Objetivo: Identificar aspectos asociados con la vulnerabilidad de los estudiantes de medicina, útiles para el conocimiento sobre la tuberculosis. Metodología: Estudio transversal, realizado en 2017, con estudiantes del primer al tercer año de Medicina. Para análisis de los datos si utilizo tablas de contingencia, con aplicación de odds ratio e intervalo de confianza del 95%, y chi-cuadrado o prueba exacta de Fisher, considerando p≤0.05. Resultados: Participaron 182 estudiantes, con predominio de mujeres (63.2%), con edades comprendidas entre 21 y 25 años (56.6%), matriculados en el ciclo básico (61.0%). Los signos y síntomas más graves fueron (91,2%), fiebre (42,3%) y hemoptisis (34,1%); la causa principal de la enfermedad fue Bacillus/Mycobacterium tuberculosis de Koch (53.8%); el medio de transmisión fue respiratorio (63.7%) y el medio de prevención fue evitar el contacto con una persona enferma (35.2%). La mayoría de los estudiantes informaron que la enfermedad es tratada (91.8%) y curada (85.2%); El tratamiento se lleva a cabo con antibióticos (38,5%) y medicamentos (31,9%). Conclusión: Los estudiantes de medicina detectaron una vulnerabilidad útil al conocimiento sobre una enfermedad, lo que permite identificar la presencia de brechas en el proceso de capacitación. (AU)

Perfil e reabilitação fonoaudiológica de pacientes com câncer de laringe / Profile and speech-language rehabilitation of patients with laryngeal cancer

RESUMO Objetivo descrever o perfil clínico e sociodemográfico e o desfecho da reabilitação fonoaudiológica de pacientes com câncer de laringe. Método estudo transversal com 204 pessoas atendidas entre 1989 e 2015. A associação entre desfecho da fonoterapia e variáveis de caracterização sociodemográfica e clínicas foi verificada por técnicas univariadas e multivariadas. Resultados prevalência do gênero masculino (95,10%), 60 anos ou mais (53,43%), ensino fundamental (77,37%), setor de serviços (44,12), tabagistas e etilistas (81,63%); estágio T3 (30,4%), ausência de nódulos (72,00%) e de metástase (85,6%). O procedimento terapêutico mais frequente foi a laringectomia total ou parcial (69,61%). Houve associação da escolaridade, estágio da doença, hábitos e procedimento terapêutico com desfecho da fonoterapia (p<0,001). Conclusão fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos podem interferir no prognóstico da reabilitação vocal de pessoas com câncer de laringe. A otimização e diversificação de novos procedimentos terapêuticos são desafios na reabilitação fonoaudiológica destas pessoas.

ABSTRACT Purpose to describe the clinical and sociodemographic profile and analyze the voice rehabilitation outcomes of patients with laryngeal cancer. Methods cross-sectional study with 204 individuals with laryngeal cancer treated between 1989 and 2015. The variables describing the patients' profile were presented in absolute values (n) and percentage (%). The association between the speech-language therapy outcome and the sociodemographic and clinical characterization variables was verified by means of uni- and multivariate techniques. Results 95.1% of the patients are male; 53.43% are aged 60 or more; 77.37% have elementary education; 44.12% are in the service industry; 81.63% smoke and consume alcohol; 30.4% are stage T3. Absence of nodules was found in 72.00%, and of metastasis, in 85.6% of patients. The most frequent therapeutic procedure was complete or partial laryngectomy (69.61%). There was an association among education, disease stage, habits, and therapeutic outcome with speech-language therapy (p<0.001). Conclusion Several causes can affect the prognosis of vocal rehabilitation in patients with laryngeal cancer. Optimization and diversification of new therapeutic procedures are challenges for these patients' speech-language rehabilitation.

Acesso ao diagnóstico da tuberculose em município brasileiro de médio porte / Access to diagnosis of tuberculosis in Brazilian medium-sized municipality / Acceso al diagnóstico de la tuberculosis en un municipio brasileño de mediano porte

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o acesso ao diagnóstico de tuberculose, na perspectiva dos doentes. Métodos Estudo transversal, com 108 doentes de tuberculose. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se o instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool (PCAT), validado para o Brasil, adaptado para atenção a tuberculose, incluiu indicadores socioeconómicos e demográficos, local do diagnóstico e de acesso ao diagnóstico de tuberculose. A análise dos dados foi de frequência, média, desvio-padrão, intervalo de confiança e teste Qui-quadrado. Resultados A maioria dos casos foi diagnosticada em hospitais (52,8%). O doente procurou a Unidade de Saúde em média três vezes, para conseguir atendimento. Os indicadores dificuldade de deslocamento, gasto com transporte motorizado e consulta no prazo de 24 horas para descoberta da doença foram não satisfatórios e regulares. Conseguir consulta para descobrir a tuberculose em 24 horas, foi não satisfatório. O teste qui-quadrado mostrou associação estatística entre locais de diagnóstico e procura pela unidade de saúde mais próxima da casa. Conclusão O diagnóstico precoce da Tuberculose na Atenção Primária apresenta fragilidades. São muitos desafios a serem enfrentados para o fortalecimento deste nível de atenção a saúde, com capacidade organizacional para a superação das deficiências relacionadas ao doente e ao serviço que dificultam o acesso ao diagnóstico da doença.(AU)

ABSTRACT Objetivo Evaluating access to tuberculosis diagnosis, from the perspective of patients. Methods Cross-sectional study with 108 tuberculosis patients. Data were collected using the brazilian instrument Primary Care Assessment Tool - PCAT-Brazil, adapted for attention to tuberculosis, including socio-economic and demographic indicators, location of diagnosis and diagnostic access tuberculosis. The analysis of the data was of frequency, average, standard deviation, confidence interval and Chi-square test. Results Most cases were diagnosed in hospitals (52.8%). The patient sought the Health Unit on average three times until receiving medical care. The indicators of difficulty of displacement, expenditure on motorized transport and consultation within 24 hours to discover the disease were not satisfactory and regular. The chi-square test showed a statistical association between diagnosis location and seeking the nearest health unit from home. Conclusions There are weaknesses in the early diagnosis of tuberculosis in primary care. There are many challenges to be faced to strengthen this level of health care, with organizational capacity to overcome the shortcomings related to the patient and the service that make it difficult to access the diagnosis of the disease.(AU)

RESUMEN Objetivo Evaluar el acceso al diagnóstico de tuberculosis, desde la perspectiva de los enfermos. Métodos Estudio transversal con 108 pacientes de tuberculosis. Los datos fueron recolectados utilizando el instrumento Primary Care Assessment Tool -PCAT-Brasil- . El análisis de los datos incluyeron frecuencia, media, desviación estándar, intervalo de confianza y prueba Chi-cuadrado. Resultados La mayoría de los casos fueron diagnosticados en hospitales (52,8%). El paciente buscó la Unidad de Salud en promedio tres veces, para conseguir atención. Los indicadores dificultad de desplazamiento, gasto con transporte motorizado y consulta en el plazo de 24 horas para el descubrimiento de la enfermedad, no fueron satisfactorios o regulares. La prueba de Chi-cuadrado mostró una asociación estadística entre el lugar de diagnóstico y la búsqueda de la unidad de salud más cercana al hogar. Conclusión El diagnóstico precoz de la tuberculosis en la Atención Primaria presenta fallas. Son muchos los desafíos a enfrentar para mejorar la atención, la capacidad organizacional para superar las deficiencias relacionadas con el enfermo y el servicio, que dificultan el acceso al diagnóstico de la enfermedad.(AU)

Vínculo de las puérperas con sus hijos y experiencias del parto / Vinculação das puérperas com seus filhos e experiências do parto / Puerperae bonding with their children and labor experiences

Objective. To analyze the degree of bonding of puerperae with their babies, both in isolation and associated with experiences during and after labor. Methods. A cross-sectional study carried out among 200 puerperae in São José do Rio Preto, Brazil. To evaluate the mother-child bond, we used the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS). Results. The mean age of puerperae was 26.4 years; most women were white (60.0%), were married (87.5%), and had an elementary education (51.5%). Most deliveries were cesarean (80.0% of cases); 68.0% of women had no pain during labor, and only 54% had skin-to-skin contact immediately after delivery. Type of labor and pain did not significantly change the maternal bond, and the lack of skin-to-skin contact negatively influenced the bond. Conclusion. Pueperae participants had a high degree of bonding with their babies that is mainly related to history of skin-to-skin contact. Nurses must promote strategies that encourage skin-to-skin contact between mother and newborn in the delivery room. (AU)

Objetivo. Analizar el vínculo de las puérperas con sus hijos asociado a las experiencias durante y después del parto. Métodos. Estudio de corte transversal realizado con la participación de 200 puérperas de un Hospital Materno-Infantil de São José do Rio Preto-SP, Brasil. Para la evaluación del vínculo madre-hijo se utilizó la escala Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS). Resultados. Las puérperas tenían una media de edad de 26.4 años, predominó la raza blanca (60.0%), estado civil casada (87.5%) y enseñanza media (51.5%). El parto fue por cesárea en el 80.0% de los casos, hubo ausencia de dolor durante el trabajo de parto en 68.0% y solo el 54% efectuó contacto piel a piel inmediatamente después del parto. En cuanto a la MIBS, se encontraron puntajes elevados para el vínculo positivo y bajos puntajes para vínculo negativo y neutro. El tipo de parto y el dolor no se asoció al vínculo madre-hijo, pero la ausencia de contacto piel a piel influenció de forma negativa este vínculo. Conclusión. Las puérperas respondientes presentaron un elevado grado de vínculo con sus bebés el cual se relacionó principalmente con el antecedente de contacto piel a piel. Las enfermeras deben fomentar las estrategias que promuevan el contacto piel a piel de la madre con el recién nacido desde la sala de partos.(AU)

Objetivo. Analisar o grau de vinculação das puérperas com seus filhos, tanto isoladamente quanto associado às experiências durante e após o parto. Métodos. Estudo de corte transversal, realizado com a participação de 200 puérperas de uma maternidade de São José do Rio Preto, Brasil. Para a avaliação do vínculo mãe-filho utilizou-se a escala Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale (MIBS). Resultados. A média de idade das puérperas foi de 26.4 anos, com predomínio da raça branca (60.0%), o estado civil casadas (87.5%) e ensino médio (51.5%). O parto foi por cesárea em 80.0% dos casos, houve ausência de dor durante o trabalho de parto em 68.0% e apenas 54% efetuaram contato pele a pele imediatamente após o parto. O tipo de parto e a dor não alteraram de forma significativa o vínculo materno, a ausência de contato pele a pele influenciou de forma negativa este vínculo. Conclusão. As puérperas participantes apresentaram um alto grau de vínculo com seus bebês que está relacionado principalmente a uma história de contato pele a pele. Enfermeiros devem promover estratégias que promovam o contato pele a pele entre mãe e recém-nascido na sala de parto.

Recidiva da Tuberculose: fatores associados em um Grupo de Vigilância Epidemiológica de São Paulo / Tuberculosis Recurrence: Associated Factors in an Epidemiological Surveillance Group of São Paulo

Analisar os fatores associados aos casos de recidiva de tuberculose (TB) em notificações no Grupo de Vigilância Epidemiológica XXIX/São José doRio Preto/SP. Trata-se de um estudo caso-controle, analisando as notificações de TB pulmonar no período de 1996 a 2014. Considerou-se caso notificações de ͞Recidiva͟ e controle: notificações classificadas como caso ͞Novo͟ e cujo desfecho foi ͞Cura͟. Utilizou-se para a análise dos dados o odds ratio e análise multivariada com intervalo de confiança de 95%. As variáveis sexo e desfecho desfavorável no 7º mês permaneceram significativamente associadas à recidiva. O sexo masculino apresentou 1,8 vezes maior risco (p=0,0551) e os indivíduos que obtiveram desfecho desfavorável no 7º mês de tratamento apresentaram 4,6 vezes mais chance de ter recidiva (p=0,0000). Foram encontrados dois fatores associados à recidiva: o sexo masculino e o desfecho desfavorável do tratamento, o que mostra a necessidade de avaliar a qualidade da assistência prestada.

Analyze the factors related to cases of tuberculosis (TB) recurrence in reports of the Epidemiological Surveillance Group XXIX/São José do Rio Preto/SP. This is a case-control study that analyzes pulmonary TB reports in the period between 1996 and 2014. Cases were reports of ͞Recurrence" and control: reports classified as "New" case and with "Healed" outcome. Odds ratio and multivariate analysis with 95% confidence interval were used to analyze the data. The variables of gender and adverse outcome in the 7th month remained significantly associated with recurrence. Males showed 1.8 times greater risk (p = 0.0551) and individuals who obtained an adverse outcome in the 7thmonth of treatment were 4.6 times more likely to recur (p = 0.0000). We found two factors associated with recurrence: male gender and adverse treatment outcome, which shows the need to assess the quality of the care provided.

A coordenação da assistência no controle da tuberculose na visão da equipe de enfermagem / The coordination of assistance in tuberculosis control in the nursing team's view / La cordinación de la asistencia en el control de la tuberculosis en la visión del equipo de enfermería

Objetivo: analisar a coordenação da assistência aos portadores de tuberculose pela equipe de enfermagem.Método: estudo epidemiológico, descritivo tipo inquérito, analítico e transversal. 79 profissionais deenfermagem foram entrevistados com formulário pré-estruturado e os dados foram analisados com técnicas deanálise descritiva e o teste T-Student para grupos independentes. Resultados: os enfermeiros classificaram acoordenação da assistência mais efetiva que os auxiliares/técnicos de enfermagem, houve diferençaestatística das opiniões entre as categorias, principalmente sobre sistemas de informação. Conclusão: acoordenação da assistência à tuberculose ainda é frágil e são precisos esforços individuais da equipe epolíticos municipais para que seja atingida a assistência coordenada da tuberculose.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the coordination of care for tuberculosis patients by the nursing team. Method: this is an epidemiological study, descriptive, and survey, analytical and transversal type. There were 79 nursing professionals interviewed with a pre-structured form, and the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques and the T-Student test for independent groups. Results: Nurses classified care coordination as more effective than nursing assistants/technicians, there were statistical differences between categories, especially information systems. Conclusion: Coordination of tuberculosis care is still fragile, and individual efforts of the team and municipal politicians are needed to achieve coordinated tuberculosis care.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la cordinación de la asistencia a los portadores de tuberculosis por el equipo de enfermería. Método: estudio epidemiológico, descriptivo tipo inquérito, analítico y transversal. 79 profesionales de enfermería fueron entrevistados con formulario pre-estructurado y los datos fueron analizados con técnicas de análisis descriptiva y el test T-Student para grupos independientes. Resultados: los enfermeros clasificaron la cordinación de la asistencia más efectiva que los auxiliares/técnicos de enfermería, hubo diferencia estadística de las opiniones entre las categorías, principalmente sobre sistemas de información. Conclusión: la cordinación de la asistencia a la tuberculosis aún es frágil y son precisos esfuerzos individuales del equipo y políticos municipales para que sea afectada la asistencia cordinada de la tuberculosis.(AU)

The establishment of bonds between professional and patient in TB treatment: the performance of primary health care services in a city in the interior of São Paulo.

This study evaluated the performance of health care services implementing TB control actions in relation to the establishment of bonds between health professionals and patients in São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil from the perspective of patients, health professionals, and managers. A total of 108 patients, 37 health professionals and 15 managers were interviewed through a questionnaire containing 10 indicators of bond-establishment based on the instruments of the Primary Care Assessment Tool, adapted to evaluate tuberculosis control in Brazil. The three groups of actors considered the establishment of bonds satisfactory, though opinions of patients and managers differed in almost all indicators. This fact indicates that the view of managers is still predominantly focused on bureaucratic and administrative aspects, which shows the need for managers to integrate more management and care actions.

Risco de mortalidade associado aos níveis glicêmicos em pacientes com septicemia naTerapia Intensiva / Mortality risk associated with blood sugar levels in patients with septicemia in Intensive Care

Estimar o risco de mortalidade associado aos níveis glicêmicos em pacientes com septicemia em umaUnidade de Terapia Intensiva. Métodos: estudo de coorte retrospectivo com 263 pacientes com septicemiainternados em uma unidade de terapia intensiva, utilizando dados do sistema de gestão hospitalar. Resultados:houve maior frequência de pacientes na faixa etária de 14 a 59 anos (52,1%), sexo masculino (55,9%), raçabranca (85,9%), de especialidades clínicas (65,8%); o período de internação variou de 2 a 132 dias; 91,6%dos pacientes (n=241) estavam hiperglicêmicos no momento da hospitalização. Ocorreram 37 (14,1%) óbitos,sendo mais frequentes nos pacientes que apresentaram hiperglicemia na hospitalização (1,49 óbitos/1000pacientes). Conclusão: a hiperglicemia mostrou-se fator de risco para mortalidade em pacientes internados naUnidade de Terapia Intensiva...