RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Although debated, metabolic health characterizes 10-25% of obese individuals and reduces risk of developing life-threatening co-morbidities. Adipose tissue is a recognized endocrine organ important for the maintenance of whole-body metabolic health. Adipocyte transcriptional signatures of healthy and unhealthy obesity are largely unknown. METHODS: Here, we used a small cohort of highly characterized obese individuals discordant for metabolic health, characterized their adipocytes transcriptional signatures, and cross-referenced them to mouse phenotypic and human GWAs databases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that glucose intolerance and insulin resistance co-operate to remodel adipocyte transcriptome. We also identified the Nuclear Export Mediator Factor (NEMF) and the Ectoderm-Neural Cortex 1 (ENC1) as novel potential targets in the management of metabolic health in human obesity.
Assuntos
Adipócitos/metabolismo , Intolerância à Glucose , Resistência à Insulina , Obesidade/metabolismo , Transcriptoma , Adulto , Antígenos de Neoplasias/genética , Antígenos de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/genética , Proteínas dos Microfilamentos/metabolismo , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neuropeptídeos/genética , Neuropeptídeos/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Proteínas de Transporte Nucleocitoplasmático/genética , Proteínas de Transporte Nucleocitoplasmático/metabolismo , Obesidade/genéticaRESUMO
Amentoflavone hexaacetate (AmAc) was synthesized from natural amentoflavone (Am), a biflavonoid extracted from Viburnum lantana L. Am does not inhibit aggregation of intact platelets up to a concentration of 100 microM but inhibits human platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase (IC50 = 22.0 microM). AmAc is a potent inhibitor of the aggregation of washed human platelets induced by ADP (IC50 = 2.3 microM) or collagen (IC50 = 4.7 microM). AmAc inhibits crude (IC50 = 8.6 microM) or partially purified (IC50 = 42.2 microM) human platelet cAMP phosphodiesterase. In the presence of prostaglandin E1, AmAc (10 microM) induces a 3.7-fold increase in total platelet cAMP. The characteristics of this action suggest a role for cAMP in the mechanism of action of AmAc. The incubation of AmAc with intact platelets for 5 min is necessary for its activity.
Assuntos
3',5'-AMP Cíclico Fosfodiesterases/antagonistas & inibidores , Biflavonoides , Plaquetas/enzimologia , AMP Cíclico/sangue , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Agregação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , 3',5'-AMP Cíclico Fosfodiesterases/sangue , Difosfato de Adenosina/farmacologia , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Colágeno/fisiologia , HumanosRESUMO
About 95% fo the 0: 11 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was able to hydrolyze orthonitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG), but was unable to use lactose. The ONPG-hydrolyzing enzyme was located essentially in the periplasm, as seen by biochemical and ultrastructural studies.
Assuntos
Galactosidases/análise , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/enzimologia , Cálcio/farmacologia , Fracionamento Celular , Membrana Celular/ultraestrutura , Parede Celular/ultraestrutura , Meios de Cultura , Galactosidases/metabolismo , Magnésio/farmacologia , Nitrofenilgalactosídeos , Pressão Osmótica , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/ultraestrutura , SorotipagemRESUMO
An HPLC method for separation and quantitative determination of biflavones in crude leaf extracts from GINKGO BILOBA L. is described. A system using a Lichrosorb(R)-Diol column and the ternary elution system: hexane-chloroform-tetrahydrofuran, was suitable for separation of sciadopitysin, ginkgetin, isoginkgetin and bilobetin. The biflavones were detected at 330 nm; their calibration curves were established and their response factors were calculated using acacetin as internal standard. This method was used for the quantitative determination of the biflavones in crude leaf extracts; the seasonal variations of the biflavone content were studied and showed a higher amount in autumn leaves.