RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the contribution of ultra-processed food (UPF) on the dietary consumption of children treated at a Basic Health Unit and the associated factors. METHODOLOGY: Cross-sectional study carried out with a convenience sample of 204 children, aged 2-10 years old, in Southern Brazil. Children's food intake was assessed using a 24-h recall questionnaire. Food items were classified as minimally processed, processed for culinary use, and ultra-processed. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to collect socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. Overweight in children was classified using a Z score >2 for children younger than 5 and Z score >+1 for those aged between 5 and 10 years, using the body mass index for age. RESULTS: Overweight frequency was 34% (95% CI: 28-41%). Mean energy consumption was 1672.3 kcal/day, with 47% (95% CI: 45-49%) coming from ultra-processed food. In the multiple linear regression model, maternal education (r=0.23; p=0.001) and child age (r=0.40; p<0.001) were factors associated with a greater percentage of UPF in the diet (r=0.42; p<0.001). Additionally, a statistically significant trend for higher UPF consumption was observed when data were stratified by child age and maternal educational level (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The contribution of UPF is significant in children's diets and age appears to be an important factor for the consumption of such products.
Assuntos
Ingestão de Energia , Fast Foods/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Alimentar , Obesidade/etiologia , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Registros de Dieta , Fast Foods/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Resumo Objetivos Avaliar a contribuição dos alimentos ultraprocessados no consumo alimentar de crianças pertencentes à área de abrangência de uma unidade básica de saúde e os fatores associados. Método Estudo transversal com amostra de conveniência de 204 crianças, entre dois a 10 anos, no Sul do Brasil. O consumo alimentar das crianças foi obtido por meio do Recordatório Alimentar de 24 horas e, posteriormente, os alimentos foram classificados em minimamente processados, processados para culinária e ultraprocessados. Um questionário semiestruturado foi aplicado para a coleta das variáveis sociodemográficas e antropométricas. O excesso de peso das crianças foi definido por meio do escore Z > 2 para menores de cinco anos e Z > +1 para entre cinco e 10 anos segundo o Índice de Massa Corporal para idade. Resultados A frequência de excesso de peso foi de 34% (IC95%: 28% a 41%). O consumo médio de energia foi de 1.672,3 kcal/dia, 47% (IC95%: 45% a 49%) provenientes dos ultraprocessados. No modelo de regressão linear múltipla, a escolaridade materna (r = 0,23; p = 0,001) e a idade da criança (r = 0,40; p < 0,001) foram associados à maior contribuição percentual dos ultraprocessados na alimentação (R = 0,42; p < 0,001). Adicionalmente foi observada uma tendência linear significativa para maior consumo de ultraprocessados quando os dados foram estratificados pela idade da criança e nível de escolaridade materna (p < 0,001). Conclusões A contribuição dos ultraprocessados é expressiva na alimentação infantil e a idade da criança mostrou-se como fator associado mais importante para o consumo desses produtos.
Abstract Objectives To evaluate the contribution of ultra-processed food (UPF) on the dietary consumption of children treated at a Basic Health Unit and the associated factors. Methodology Cross-sectional study carried out with a convenience sample of 204 children, aged 2-10 years old, in Southern Brazil. Children's food intake was assessed using a 24-h recall questionnaire. Food items were classified as minimally processed, processed for culinary use, and ultra-processed. A semi-structured questionnaire was applied to collect socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. Overweight in children was classified using a Z score >2 for children younger than 5 and Z score >+1 for those aged between 5 and 10 years, using the body mass index for age. Results Overweight frequency was 34% (95% CI: 28-41%). Mean energy consumption was 1672.3 kcal/day, with 47% (95% CI: 45-49%) coming from ultra-processed food. In the multiple linear regression model, maternal education (r = 0.23; p = 0.001) and child age (r = 0.40; p < 0.001) were factors associated with a greater percentage of UPF in the diet (r = 0.42; p < 0.001). Additionally, a statistically significant trend for higher UPF consumption was observed when data were stratified by child age and maternal educational level (p < 0.001). Conclusions The contribution of UPF is significant in children's diets and age appears to be an important factor for the consumption of such products.