Discharge Readiness and Associated Factors Among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease After Stent Implantation: A Cross-Sectional Single Center Study.

Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the readiness of hospital discharge of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who have undergone coronary stent implantation and explore its influencing factors. Methods: This is a cross sectional single center study. Convenient sampling was used to select patients who underwent coronary stent implantation in the Cardiovascular Department of a tertiary hospital in Chengdu from October 2021 to April 2022 as the research subjects. Data were collected using the General Information Questionnaire, which included domains such as uncertainty in illness, the quality of discharge teaching, perceived social support, and health locus of control. The Readiness for Hospital Discharge Scale (RHDS) was used to assess readiness for hospital discharge. Multiple regression adjusted for relevant confounders was used to determine the associations. Results: A total of 276 questionnaires were distributed, and 263 valid questionnaires were collected. The average item score of RHDS is 7.66 ± 1.13. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the influential factors of RHDS of patients who underwent coronary stent implantation included: deliver skill (ß = 0.43), marital status (ß = 0.12), living alone (ß = -0.14), inconsistency (ß = -0.22) and household income per capita (ß = -0.12) (all P<0.05). The RHDS score of patients with CHD after coronary stent implantation were at a moderate level. Conclusion: Discharge readiness was significantly associated with delivery skill, marital status, living alone, inconsistency of information, and household income per capita. The present study highlights the need for improved educational interventions and tailored discharge planning.

Tomato SlMAPK3 Modulates Cold Resistance by Regulating the Synthesis of Raffinose and the Expression of SlWRKY46.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and raffinose have been observed to increase in plants exposed to cold. However, it remains elusive whether and how MAPK regulates raffinose synthesis under cold stress. Here, overexpression of SlMAPK3 promoted the accumulation of galactinol and raffinose under cold stress, while CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutants showed the opposite results. Moreover, SlMAPK3 promoted the expression of SlWRKY46 at low temperatures and interacted with SlWRKY46 protein. Overexpression of SlWRKY46 enhanced cold resistance. Furthermore, SlWRKY46 directly bound to the promoter of SlGols1 to enhance its expression and promoted the accumulation of raffinose. Virus-induced gene-silencing (VIGS)-mediated knockdown of SlGols1 remarkably elevated cold sensitivity and reduced raffinose content. Meanwhile, exogenous supplementation of raffinose could improve the cold tolerance of tomato plants. Thus, our data indicates that SlMAPK3 modulates cold resistance by regulating raffinose content and SlWRKY46 expression. SlWRKY46 also promotes the accumulation of raffinose by inducing the expression of SlGols1.

Recent Advances in Dissecting the Function of Ethylene in Interaction between Host and Pathogen.

Pathogens influence the growth and development of plants, resulting in detrimental damage to their yields and quality. Ethylene, a gaseous phytohormone, serves a pivotal function in modulating diverse physiological processes in plants, including defense mechanisms against pathogen invasion. Ethylene biosynthesis is involved in both plants and pathogens. Recent empirical research elucidates the intricate interactions and regulatory mechanisms between ethylene and pathogens across various plant species. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings concerning ethylene's role and its regulatory networks in host-pathogen interactions. Additionally, we explore the crosstalk between ethylene and other phytohormones. Points regarding ethylene emission and its modulation by pathogens are also emphasized. Moreover, we also discuss potential unresolved issues in the field that warrant further investigation.

Reaction mechanism of antioxidant inhibition of hydroxyl radical in coal oxidation.

To solve the problem of unclear targeted inhibition of key free radicals by antioxidants, this paper took the hydroxyl radical with the highest oxidation activity of coal as the inhibition target and selected five antioxidants such as ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, tea polyphenol, citric acid, vitamin C, and proanthocyanidins. Based on the theory of quantum chemistry, the characteristics and oxidation pathway of antioxidants inhibiting coal oxidation of hydroxyl radical were analyzed. Analyze the influence characteristics of antioxidants on the evolution of free radicals in coal through an electron paramagnetic resonance experiment (ESR). The results showed that the electron density of antioxidants was mainly distributed in the functional groups of carboxyl and hydroxyl, which played a key inhibitory role, and the vicinity of carboxyl and hydroxyl and other functional groups was positive potential, which was the active site of inhibiting hydroxyl radical. The order of inhibitory capacity of the five antioxidants was determined as GTP > PC > EDTA > CA > VC. It is concluded that the energy barrier of hydroxyl radical inhibition by citric acid is much lower than that of EDTA. For the hydrogen extraction reaction, VC inhibited the hydroxyl radical pathway with a higher energy barrier than the other three antioxidants. The mechanism of five antioxidants inhibiting •OH reaction was comprehensively analyzed. It was found that tea polyphenols have more active sites that can react with •OH to quench it, so the inhibition of tea polyphenols should be the most significant. When antioxidants inhibit coal spontaneous combustion, the type, complexity, concentration, and linewidth of free radicals in coal molecules are lower than those in raw coal, with GTP antioxidants having the best inhibitory effect. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for revealing the mechanism of coal spontaneous combustion inhibition and developing directional coal spontaneous combustion inhibition technology.

Vascularized tracheal substitutes constructed by exosome-load hydrogel-modified 3D printed scaffolds / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:For the replacement treatment of long-segment tracheal defects,although tissue engineering research has made some progress in recent years,it is still not perfect,and one of the biggest difficulties is that the hemodynamic reconstruction of the tracheal replacement cannot be achieved rapidly. OBJECTIVE:To preliminarily explore the potential of polycaprolactone scaffolds modified with exosome-loaded hydrogels to construct a rapidly vascularized tracheal substitute. METHODS:Exosomes were extracted from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of SD rats.After preparation of hyaluronic acid methacrylate solution,the exosome solution was mixed with hyaluronic acid methacrylate solution at a volume ratio of 1:1.Hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogels loaded with exosomes were prepared under ultraviolet irradiation for 5 minutes.The degradation of exosome-unloaded hydrogels and the controlled release of exosome-loaded hydrogels were detected.Polycaprolactone scaffolds were prepared by 3D printing.The pure hyaluronic acid methacrylate solution and the exosome-loaded hyaluronic acid methacrylate solution were respectively added to the surface of the scaffold.Hydrogel-modified scaffolds and exosome-modified scaffolds were obtained after ultraviolet irradiation.Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups with 10 rats in each group and subcutaneously implanted with simple scaffolds,hydrogel-modified scaffolds and exosome-modified scaffolds,respectively.At 30 days after surgery,the scaffolds and surrounding tissues of each group were removed.Neovascularization was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining and the expression of CD31 was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)As time went by,the hydrogel degraded gradually,and the exosomes enclosed in the hydrogel were gradually released,which could be sustained for more than 30 days.The exosome release rate was faster than the degradation rate of the hydrogel itself,and nearly 20%of the exosomes were still not released after 30 days of soaking.(2)Under a scanning electron microscope,the surface of the simple polycaprolactone scaffold was rough.After hydrogel modification,a layer of gel was covered between the pores of the scaffold,and the scaffold surface became smooth and dense.(3)After 30 days of subcutaneous embedding,hematoxylin-eosin staining and Masson staining showed that more neovascularization was observed inside the scaffolds of the exosome-modified scaffold group compared with the hydrogel-modified scaffold group.The hydrogels on the scaffolds of the two groups were not completely degraded.Immunofluorescence staining showed that CD31 expression in the exosome-modified scaffold group was higher than that in the hydrogel-modified scaffold group(P<0.000 1).(4)These results indicate that hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogels can be used as controlled-release carriers for exosomes.The 3D-printed polycaprolactone scaffold modified by hyaluronic acid methacrylate hydrogel loaded with exosomes has good biocompatibility and has the potential to promote the formation of neovascularization.

Application of three dimensional bio-printing materials for tissue engineering tracheal grafting / 中华器官移植杂志

Currently three dimensional bio-printing technology has become one of the hot topics for tissue engineering tracheal grafting.Different biomaterials have their own performance advantages in the preparation and regeneration of tracheal scaffolds.It is particularly imperative to seek natural or polymeric materials with excellent profiles of printability, structural stability and biocompatibility to enable neo-cartilage formation, neo-epithelialization and neo-vascularization of tissue engineering trachea grafting.This review summarized the shortcomings and challenges of classifying and applying materials for three dimensional bio-printing tissue engineering trachea, aiming to provide new rationales for researches and applications of tissue engineering tracheal grafting.

Research progress on active ingredients of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine in treatment of allergic rhinitis / 中国中药杂志

Allergic rhinitis(AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract. Due to its high prevalence, high recurrence rate, and lack of a definitive cure, it is considered a global health issue by the World Health Organization. The pathogenesis of AR is complex and mainly involves B cells, helper T cells, eosinophils, basophils, macrophages, as well as the cytokines and inflammatory mediators they secrete. Clinical treatment primarily focuses on inhibiting inflammatory mediators such as histamine and leukotrienes. In recent years, active ingredients of animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) have shown unique advantages and potential in AR treatment thanks to their high safety, specificity, selectivity, and biopotency. This study systematically reviewed the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of active ingredients and mixed extracts from animal-derived TCM, such as bovine spleen, honeycomb, bee venom, maggot, and human placenta, which have been shown by modern pharmacological research to regulate the immune function in AR, providing a reference for further exploration and clinical development of active ingredients from animal-derived TCM. Studies have found that the active ingredients from animal-derived TCM can produce definite therapeutic effects in AR by modulating multiple immune balances in the body, with great clinical prospects. However, their mechanisms of action still require further investigation, and the quality control techniques for effective ingredients need to be improved. Currently, the research on active ingredients from animal-derived TCM in China has adopted an interactive system consisting of "traditional medical experience-based research, bioinformatics and artificial intelligence predictions, and validation and development through new experimental techniques". Based on this system, animal-derived TCM can combine modern scientific and technological means to maximize the therapeutic effects of active ingredients and serve the clinical application of AR in a more efficient and innovative manner.

Pharmacokinetics of methotrexate mediated by organic anion transporter 3 in adjuvant induced arthritis rats / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the effects of inflammatory conditions on the pharmacokinetics of methotrexate (MTX) and its related mechanisms. METHODS: The model of adjuvant induced arthritis (AIA) was established. The expression of organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3) in kidney was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and QPCR. The plasma concentration of MTX was detected by LC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetics of MTX after different administration time were compared by isolated rat kidney perfusion, kidney slices, in vitro cell uptake and transport experiments. RESULTS: The expression of OAT3 was significantly increased in the kidneys of AIA rats by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and QPCR. At the same time, the concentration of MTX was detected by the optimized LC-MS/MS. The results showed that the uptake of MTX in the kidney slices of AIA rats was significantly increased, and Pro could reduce the excretion of MTX by inhibiting OAT3. Furthermore, it was demonstrated in vitro that inflammatory pathology can promote renal excretion of MTX by increasing the expression and functional activity of OAT3.CONCLUSION: Under inflammatory pathological conditions, it can increase the expression of OAT3 in the kidney, enhance its functional activity, accelerate the uptake of MTX by the kidney, and promote the excretion of MTX.

Selection and application of biodegradable scaffold in tracheal tissue engineering / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Long tracheal lesions are mainly caused by stenosis, infection, trauma, malignant tumors and other factors. Resection of the diseased tissue or stenosis and end-to-end anastomosis is currently the gold standard for long tracheal lesions treatment. However, these treatment programs have proven to have major limitations. In recent years, tissue engineering technology has been regarded as a promising medical alternative treatment method, and the selection of scaffold materials is one of key parts. With the continuous exploration of domestic and foreign researchers, biological materials have been continuously developed and applied to the research of tissue engineering trachea. Tissue engineering degradable scaffold materials can be divided into natural polymer material scaffolds and synthetic polymer scaffolds according to the different sources. The scaffold material can be modified or compounded as needed to improve the biological properties of scaffolds. In addition, with the continuous development of biological printing technology, different scaffold materials can be better combined and used. Biodegradable scaffolds have become a new research direction in the field of tissue engineering trachea due to their polymer properties, and have good application prospects.

Advances in the construction of tissue engineering tracheal scaffold by 3D printing / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Tissue engineering has already become an important research direction of trachea substitute; the construction of the scaffold is one of the key factors for a tissue engineering trachea .With the development and the maturity of the technology of 3D-printing, the design and manufacture of the tissue engineered scaffold is widely broadened, various types of 3D-printed scaffold are researched constantly.This review aims to summarize and evaluates the latest progress of the experiments about 3D-printed tissue engineering scaffold.

Selection of the appropriate pore size, surface modification technique for 3D printed tracheal graft and evaluation of its property / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To prepare 3D printed porous tracheal graft fabricated by PCL and to select the appropriate pore size and surface modification techniques,in order to explore its effect on cell behavior.Methods The PCL porous tracheal graft was prepared by 3D printing technology and biomechanical properties of the graft were measured by means of longitudinal tension,radial compression and three-point bending test.The porous grafts were surface-modified through hydrolysis,amination and nanocrystallization treatment and then characterized by energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS).The effect of different pore sizes and surface modifications on the cell proliferation behavior was evaluated by CCK-8 and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).Results The 3 D printed porous tracheal graft had similar morphology with the native tracheas(P ＞ 0.05) and better biomechanical properties(P ＜0.05).It was more suitable for cell adhesion and proliferation when the pore size is 200 μm (P ＜ 0.05).Compared to hydrolysis and amination,nanocrystallization treatment successfully improved the cytotropism of the 3D printed tracheal graft(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion 3 D printed porous tracheal graft shows favorable biomechanical properties.The appropriate pore size of the 3D printed porous tracheal graft is 200 μm and the appropriate surface modification techniques is nanocrystallization.

Pharmacokinetics of two types of dipropofol crystal tablets in Beagle dogs / 药学学报

A method for determining dipropofol in the plasma of Beagle dogs was established by HPLC-MS/MS. We also studied the pharmacokinetic characteristics of two different forms of crystal tablets of dipropofol in Beagle dogs. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Experimental Management, Welfare and Ethics Committee of Pharmacology Evaluation Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry. The results indicate that the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of dipropofol was 69.02 ± 20.16 μg·L-1 after 20 mg·kg-1 crystal form Ⅰ tablet taken orally, and the AUC0-t was 160.49 ± 55.26 μg·L-1·h. After 20 mg·kg-1 crystal form Ⅱ tablet taken, the Cmax of dipropofol was 92.58 ± 60.26 μg·L-1, and the AUC0-t was 243.59 ± 148.36 μg·L-1·h. The AUC0-t and Cmax of crystal form Ⅱ were significantly different from that of crystal form Ⅰ (P<0.05). Crystal form Ⅱ was the dominant crystal form. The results suggest that we should control crystal form during the development of dipropofol oral tablets.

Protective Effect and Mechanism of Extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Paeoniae Radix Rubra on Hippocampal Neurons in Rats with Vascular Dementia / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To observe the effect of extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Paeoniae Radix Rubra on N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors(NMDAR1) in hippocampal neurons in rats with vascular dementia and investigate its possible mechanism. Method: The 60 SPF male rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham-operated group,model group, traditional Chinese medicine group(0.20 g·kg-1)and memantine group(2.1 mg·kg-1),with 12 rats in each group. The model was established by repeated ischemia-reperfusion combined with intraperitoneal injection of sodium nitroprusside. After modelling, normal group, sham-operated group and model group were dosed the similar volume of normal saline once a day for 14 days. The learning and memory capacity was assessed by Morris water maze; pathologic change in the CA1 district of hippocampus was assessed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, and the expression level of NMDAR1 in hippocampal neuron membrane protein was detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry(IHC),the NMDAR1 mRNA in hippocampal tissue was detected by Real-time PCR. Result:Compared with normal and sham-operated group, the latency period was prolonged in model group(PPPPPPPPConclusion:The extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma,Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Paeoniae Radix Rubra can improve the learning and memory capacity of rats with vascular dementia, and alleviate the injury in CA1 district of hippocampus. The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of NMDAR1 expression in hippocampal neurons.

Research progress of grafts stent in airway reconstruction / 国际外科学杂志

Tissue-engineering airway reconstruction is a tracheal replacement therapy,which uses different materials,such as primary,allogeneic or synthetic,combined with seed cells and growth factors to repair the defect airway and restore its physiological function.The choice of stent graft is the key to the success or failure of airway reconstruction.By improving the performance of graft scaffolds,it has similar mechanical properties and biocompatibility with natural gas tubes,promoting vascularization and reepithelization,reducing immunogenicity and completing airway reconstruction.This article aims to review advances in the study of graft scaffolds for airway remodeling.

Design of Android-based hand-hold intelligent terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design an Android-based hand-hold intelligent terminal to meet the requirements for the portability of hyperbaric oxygen therapy information management system. Methods MT6582 processor was used as the primary control unit, which integrated the modules for display, communication, input and output. RAD Studio XE7 was applied to program development, and the main interface had the functions of charging and appointment. Results The hand-hold intelligent terminal gained advantages in stable connection with the server and rapid response, and enhanced the efficiency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy information management system greatly. Conclusion The terminal increases the portability of hyperbaric oxygen therapy information management system, and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta on myocardial ischemia injury / 中国天然药物

Previous studies have indicated that the Ilex genus exhibits antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory activities. However, the pharmacologic action and mechanisms of Ilex cornuta against cardiac diseases have not yet been explored. The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidant and cardioprotective effects of Ilex cornuta root with in vitro and in vivo models. The anti-oxidative effects of the extract of Ilex cornuta root (ICR) were measured by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging and MTT assays as well as immunoassay. Furthermore, a rat model of myocardial ischemia was established to investigate the cardioprotective effect of ICR in vivo. Eight compounds were isolated and identified from ICR and exhibited DPPH free-radical scavenging activities. They also could increase cell viability and inhibit morphological changes induced by HO or NaSO in H9c2 cardiomyocytes, followed by increasing the SOD activities and decreasing the MDA and ROS levels. In addition, it could suppress the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In the rat model of myocardial ischemia, ICR decreased myocardial infarct size and suppressed the activities of LDH and CK. Furthermore, ICR attenuated histopathological alterations of heart tissues and the MDA levels, while increasing SOD activities in serum. In conclusion, these results suggest that ICR has cardioprotective activity and could be developed as a new food supplement for the prevention of ischemic heart disease.

Design and application of self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design a self-service terminal for hyperbaric oxygen therapy in order to improve the orderliness and efficiency of hyperbaric oxygen therapy.Methods The hardware included mainframe and cabinet,and the software used human-computer interface.Network database was connected with ADO technology,and Delphi 7.0,Pascal compiling code were applied to code compilation.Results The self-service terminal involved the patient into the information chain of hyperbaric oxygen therapy to enhance the working efficiency and therapy orderliness.Conclusion The terminal behaves well in hardware,software,network database and human-computer interaction,and thus is worthy promoting to medium and large hyperbaric oxygen chambers.

Design and development of information management system based on network database for hyperbaric oxygen therapy / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To design and develop an information management system based on network database for hyperbaric oxygen therapy to solve the problems in repeated operation,excessive data,copying and etc.Methods Network database was used to establish the information storage unit,design software and hardware architecture as well as develop information treatment units for medical terminal,self service,hand-hold intelligent terminal,appointment App program and etc.Results The system realized rapid printing and recognition of patient information,quick response of server,high accuracy of charging module,and high efficiency of self service terminal and appointment registration.Conchusion The system optimizes hyperbaric oxygen therapy flow,enhances working efficiency of medical staffs and gains high patient satisfaction,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.