RESUMO
This study aims to analyse the association between walkability index and depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment and test the mediating role of moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in this relationship among older adults from Florianópolis, Brazil. This is cross-sectional research with data from the third wave of the EpiFloripa Aging cohort study, conducted in 2017-2019. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), and cognitive impairment, using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scales. The neighbourhood environment was assessed using a walkability index, which considered 500-m network buffers around the participants' homes. Binary logistic regression analysis the association between the walkability index (quartile) and mental health outcomes (yes vs. no). Structural equation modelling evaluated the mediation between the walkability index and cognitive impairment by MVPA with an estimator of dichotomous variables. 1,162 people participated in the study (61.5% women, average age = 73.1). Older adults residing in places with a high and highest walkability index were 38% and 44% less likely to have cognitive impairment, respective. There was no association between depressive symptoms and walkability index in crude nor adjusted analysis. Engaging in MVPA had a partial but not significant effect (14%; p = 0.087), showing a tendency for this relationship to be partially explained by the greater engagement in physical activities in places with greater walkability. Policy planning to prevent and reduce the risks of cognitive impairment should consider factors of the physical environment as determinants in older adults.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Multiprofessional residencies in the professional health field (MHR) are intersectoral cooperation programs to qualify health professionals. This study aimed to characterize the offer of vacancies meant for the professional Physical Education field in Brazilian MHR programs. It is a descriptive study of a documentary nature on the offer of training vacancies in MHR for the professional Physical Education field in 2022. The characterization of the programs considered: federative unit, proposing institution, total number of general vacancies, vacancies offered for Physical Education, focus of intervention of the programs, and other professional fields presented in the identified programs. A total of 184 vacancies offered by 77 MHR programs that include Physical Education in Brazil were identified. The Northeast region had the highest number of programs (n=29) and vacancies offered (n=89). Family Health was the major focus as to vacancies, while nursing appeared as the most frequent professional field among the identified programs (97.4%). This research work presented the characterization of the offer of vacancies intended for Physical Education in Brazilian MHR programs. Additionally, it evidences the need for a more equitable distribution of vacancies for Physical Education in the country.
RESUMO As residências multiprofissionais em área profissional de saúde (RMS) constituem-se em programas de cooperação intersetorial para qualificação de profissionais de saúde. Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a oferta de vagas destinadas à área profissional da Educação Física nos programas de RMS no Brasil. Estudo descritivo de natureza documental sobre a oferta de vagas de formação em RMS para a área profissional da Educação Física no ano de 2022. A caracterização dos programas considerou: unidade federativa, instituição proponente, total de vagas gerais, vagas ofertadas para a Educação Física, ênfase de atuação dos programas e demais áreas profissionais apresentadas nos programas identificados. Foram identificadas 184 vagas ofertadas por 77 programas de RMS que contemplam a Educação Física no Brasil. A região Nordeste apresentou o maior número de programas (n=29) e de vagas ofertadas (n=89). A ênfase mais apresentada com vagas foi a Saúde da Família enquanto a enfermagem apareceu é área profissional mais frequente entre os programas identificados (97,4%). Este trabalho apresentou a caracterização da oferta de vagas destinadas à Educação Física nos programas de RMS no Brasil. Além disso, evidencia a necessidade de uma distribuição mais equitativa das vagas destinadas à Educação Física no país.