Impact of Canine Amniotic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Conditioned Media on the Wound Healing Process: In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

The aim of this study was to provide a beneficial treatment effect of mesenchymal stem cell products derived from the canine amniotic membrane (AM-MSC) on the complicated wound healing process in dogs. AM-MSCs were characterized in terms of morphology, phenotypic profile, and multilineage differentiation potential. The in vitro study of the effect of canine amniotic mesenchymal stem cell conditioned media (AMMSC-CM) on a primary skin fibroblast cell culture scratch assay showed a decrease in the measured scratch area of about 66.39% against the negative control (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium-32.55%) and the positive control (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium supplemented with FGF2, N2, B27, and EGF-82.077%) after 72 h treatment. In the experimental study, seven dogs with complicated nonhealing wounds were treated with a combination of antibiotics, NSAIDs, and local AMMSC-CM application. After 15 days of therapy, we observed a 98.47% reduction in the wound surface area as opposed to 57.135% in the control group treated by conventional therapy based on debridement of necrotic tissue, antibiotic therapy, pain management, and change of wound dressing.

First Molecular Identification and Clinical Presentation of Crenosomosis in a Dog from Slovakia.

PURPOSE: Crenosoma vulpis (Dujardin,1845) is a lungworm which has spread worldwide in canines and is associated with upper respiratory infections. In a majority of cases, the infections are accompanied with chronic cough. Diagnosis of lungworms is often underdiagnosed and can be misinterpreted as other respiratory diseases. METHODS: The Small Animal Clinic of the University Veterinary Hospital admitted an 11-month-old dog presented with persistent cough associated with difficulty in breathing and even asphyxia. Based on clinical symptoms, the patient underwent radiological and bronchoscopic examination. Bronchoscopy revealed the presence of lungworms obturating the branches of the tracheobronchial tree. Larvae were collected by bronchoscopic lavage and subjected to parasitological and molecular examination. RESULTS: Microscopic detection and morphological identification of the worms removed during the bronchoscopy confirmed the presence of female adult worms. The subsequent molecular characterisation of the mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (cox1) and 12S ribosomal DNA (rDNA)), nuclear (18S rDNA) genes, as well as the analysis of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) region of the ribosomal DNA, confirmed the Crenosoma vulpis species. Faecal samples were processed using the Baermann method, which confirmed the presence of the larval stage 1 of C. vulpis. The therapy with fenbendazole at a dose of 50 mg/kg of live weight once daily for the period of 7 days was initiated for the patient. CONCLUSION: This paper presents the first molecularly confirmed clinical case of a Crenosoma vulpis infection in an 11-month-old female dog of the Miniature Schnauzer breed in Slovakia.

Effect of Gentamicin Sulfate and Polymeric Polyethylene Glycol Coating on the Degradation and Cytotoxicity of Iron-Based Biomaterials.

The work is focused on the degradation, cytotoxicity, and antibacterial properties, of iron-based biomaterials with a bioactive coating layer. The foam and the compact iron samples were coated with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymer layer without and with gentamicin sulfate (PEG + Ge). The corrosion properties of coated and uncoated samples were studied using the degradation testing in Hanks' solution at 37 °C. The electrochemical and static immersion corrosion tests revealed that the PEG-coated samples corroded faster than samples with the bioactive PEG + Ge coating and uncoated samples. The foam samples corroded faster compared with the compact samples. To determine the cytotoxicity, cell viability was monitored in the presence of porous foam and compact iron samples. The antibacterial activity of the samples with PEG and PEG + Ge against Escherichia coli CCM 3954 and Staphylococcus aureus CCM 4223 strains was also tested. Tested PEG + Ge samples showed significant antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. Therefore, the biodegradable iron-based materials with a bioactive coating could be a suitable successor to the metal materials studied thus far as well as the materials used in the field of medicine.

Antibacterial Effect and Therapy of Chronic Skin Defects Using the Composite Bioscaffold Polycaprolactone/GelitaSpon/Povidone-Iodine in Domestic Dogs.

Chronic wounds and the failure of conventional treatment are relatively common in veterinary medicine. Recently, there has been a growing interest in alternative therapeutic approaches and the utilization of biodegradable materials. Their potential application in wound therapy may offer a novel and more suitable option compared to conventional treatment methods. Biodegradable materials can be classified into two main categories: natural, synthetic, and a combination of both, which have the potential to have synergistically enhanced properties. In this study, four domestic dogs with clinical symptoms of chronic wounds were enrolled. These wounds underwent treatment utilizing a novel biodegradable composite material composed of gelatin sponge combined with two electrospun layers of polycaprolactone (PCL) along with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) fibers containing povidone-iodine complex (PVP-I). The initial phase of the study was dedicated to evaluating the antibacterial properties of iodine against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. On average, wound healing in domestic dogs took 22 days from the initial treatment, and iodine concentrations demonstrated a significant antibacterial effect against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Based on the favorable outcomes observed in wound management, we believe that the utilization of a blend of natural and synthetic biodegradable materials holds promise as an effective wound therapy option.