Human papillomavirus-related psychosocial impact of patients with genital warts in China: a hospital-based cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Genital warts (GW) are the most common sexually transmitted infections. To date, few studies using a human papillomavirus (HPV)-specific questionnaire have focused on the impact of quality of life (QoL) among patients with GW in developing countries. The origins of GW related psychosocial burdens and variations between genders were poorly characterized as well. METHODS: A hospital-based survey was conducted in Beijing and Nanjing of China in 2008. Eligible patients aged 18-65 who had a diagnosis of GW within 3 months were recruited. Demographic information, HPV knowledge, and assessment of psychosocial burden were collected by the HPV Impact Profile (HIP). The HIP examined 7 specific psychosocial domains by 29 items: (1) worries and concerns, (2) emotional impact, (3) sexual impact, (4) self-image, (5) partner and transmission, (6) interactions with physicians, and (7) control/life impact. HIP scores are reversely relates to the subjects' QoL, by which a higher score indicating a heavier psychosocial burden. RESULTS: Patients with GW experienced heavier psychosocial burdens than those of the general population, and females experienced heavier burdens than males (male vs. female: 49.20 vs.51.38, P < 0.001). "Self Image" and "Sexual Impact" were the two domains that affected patients the most, with mean HIP scores of 63.09 and 61.64, respectively. Women suffered heavier psychosocial burdens than men in the domain of "Worries and Concerns" (female vs. male: 54.57 vs. 42.62, P < 0.001), but lower psychosocial burdens in the domains of "Sexual Impact" (female vs. male: 59.16 vs. 65.26, P < 0.001) and "Interactions with Doctors" (female vs. male: 34.40 vs. 41.97, P < 0.001). Patients from Nanjing suffered a higher psychosocial burden than those of Beijing, especially in domains of "Emotional Impact", "Sexual Impact", "Partner and Transmission", and "Interactions with Doctors". CONCLUSIONS: Patients with GW suffered heavy psychological burden, and self-image and sexual-related concern were the primary cause of burdens. It's important to change the current biomedical model to bio-psycho-social model, and establish psychosocial support systems. The distinctions of origins of psychosocial burden between genders identified will be informative for prevention of GW and control efforts in China and other similar settings.

A Comparison of Autistic and Non-Autistic College Students' Perceived Challenges and Engagement in Self-Advocacy.

PURPOSE: Autistic students experience lower college graduation rates than their peers, affecting future opportunities. Self-advocacy is crucial for successful adaptation in postsecondary settings and is documented as a challenge for autistic students. The purpose of the study was to examine autistic college students' engagement in self-advocacy and specific college-related challenges as compared to their neurodivergent and neurotypical peers. METHOD: This study used a cross-sectional survey design to compare perceptions related to self-advocacy and college-related challenges across three groups of students: autistic students, students with a disability other than autism, and nondisabled students. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to compare survey responses across groups. RESULTS: Differences in the groups' perceptions of their engagement in overall self-advocacy and specific self-advocacy strategies were evident. Autistic students rated themselves significantly lower on self-advocacy than did students with other disabilities. When compared to their nondisabled peers, the autistic students and those with other disabilities were less likely to report comfort interacting in the classroom, including less interest in group work, and more difficulty interacting with unfamiliar peers. In addition, the autistic students were more likely to report difficulty recognizing the need for academic assistance when compared to both peer groups. Autistic students also reported greater social challenges in the college setting than their nondisabled peers, and both neurodivergent groups of students reported significantly more challenges, overall, navigating the college setting than did their nondisabled peers. CONCLUSIONS: Findings highlight the need for systematic, individualized self-advocacy supports for autistic and other neurodivergent college students. In addition, findings show the need to educate peers and professors about autism and self-advocacy to foster a welcoming college environment. Finally, findings suggest the need for increased social support and opportunities for social integration within postsecondary settings. Speech-language pathologists play a critical role in implementing these next steps.

An Interactive and Neurodiversity-Affirming Approach to Communication Supports for Autistic Students Through Videogaming.

PURPOSE: Videogaming offers an interactive, enjoyable, and socially valid context for interaction between autistic and non-autistic students in schools. In this tutorial, I describe an approach that supports communication and peer interaction through group-based videogaming. This approach creates an opportunity for autistic and non-autistic students to engage in a meaningful and enjoyable activity and to promote acceptance and appreciation of communication differences. METHOD: This tutorial includes development, planning, essential components, goal writing, and a list of resources and directions to implement the videogaming-based group intervention in middle and high school settings. This tutorial is grounded in a supports-based, anti-ableist, neurodiversity framework that embraces a difference-based view of autistic communication. Cost-effectiveness and ease of implementation make this intervention feasible for school settings. CONCLUSIONS: Ableist practices are pervasive in academic and clinical settings. There is an urgency within the field of speech-language pathology to address misconceptions regarding autism and autistic individuals, increase the understanding and appreciation of diversity in autistic communication, and eliminate practices that may promote autistic masking. These can be achieved by developing supports that value the preferences and experiences of autistic individuals and honor their strengths. Videogaming is one context that supports social communication. It does not hinge upon normative communication as a benchmark. Increased contact and exposure to autistic peers through fun and engaging game-based interactions help reduce stigma and prejudice toward autistic students.

Learning from the experts: Evaluating a participatory autism and universal design training for university educators.

LAY ABSTRACT: Autistic university students have many strengths. They also go through difficulties that professors may not understand. Professors may not understand what college life is like for autistic students. They might judge autistic students. A team of autistic and non-autistic researchers made a training to help professors understand autistic students better. This training also gave professors ideas to help them teach all of their students. Ninety-eight professors did an online survey before the autism training. They shared how they felt about autism and teaching. Before our training, professors who knew more about autism appreciated autism more. Professors who thought people should be equal and women also appreciated autism more. Then, 89 of the professors did our training and another survey after the training. This helped us see what they learned from the training. They did one more survey a month later. This helped us see what they remembered. Our training helped professors understand and value autism. It also helped them understand how they can teach all students better. The professors remembered a lot of what we taught them. This study shows that a training that autistic people helped make can help professors understand their autistic students better.

Speech-Language Pathologist's Role in Understanding and Promoting Self-Advocacy in Autistic Adults.

PURPOSE: This tutorial introduces speech-language pathologists (SLPs) to strategies that promote and support self-advocacy among autistic college students. The discussion for this tutorial is grounded within the framework of the social model of disability and the need for addressing environmental barriers to communication and self-advocacy. METHOD: We provide a self-advocacy framework to guide SLPs in developing programs for autistic adults. We describe factors that impact self-advocacy in autistic college students and the role of university-based SLPs and speech-language pathology graduate students in program implementation. Scenarios and examples are included to aid SLPs in implementing the recommendations. CONCLUSIONS: Self-advocacy is a predictor of retention, adaptation, and graduation of autistic postsecondary students. Prior research on autistic self-advocacy is minimal, and guidance for SLPs on promoting and supporting self-advocacy of their autistic clients is limited. SLPs play a very important role as they can increase understanding and appreciation for autistic social communication differences among nonautistic peers and professors and address autistic stigma through meaningful engagement of autistic individuals in planning and program development.

In vitro anti-cancer activity of doxorubicin against human RNA helicase, DDX3.

RNA helicase, DDX3 is a multifunctional enzyme and is known to be associated with several diseases like HIV progression, brain and breast cancer. Some of the ring expanded nucleoside compounds such as REN: NZ51, fused di imidazodiazepine ring (RK33), (Z)-3-(5- (3-bromo benzylidene)-4-oxo-2-thioxothiazolidin-3-yl)-N-(2- hydroxy phenyl) propanamide compound (FE15) have been documented to inhibit DDX3 helicase activity. However, synthesis of these drugs is limited to few research groups. Prevalence of literature study, we found that doxorubicin form strong hydrogen bond interactions with crystallized form of DDX3 using in-silico molecular docking approach. To evaluate the biological inhibitory action of doxorubicin, we performed the ATPase activity assay and anti-cancer activity using H357 cancer cell lines. Results showed that doxorubicin continually declined the inorganic phosphate (Pi) release and inhibited the ATP hydrolysis by directly interacting with DDX3. Anticancer activity was detected by MTT assay. The half maximal inhibitory concentrations of doxorubicin (IC50) for H357 cancer cell line is 50 µM and also doxorubicin significantly down regulated the expression of DDX3. Taken together, our results demonstrate, that inhibition of DDX3 expression by using doxorubicin can be used as an ideal drug candidate to treat DDX3 associated cancer disorder by interacting with unique amino acid residues (Thr 198) and common amino acid residues (Tyr 200 and Thr 201).

Molecular modeling and spectral comparison for the change in methyl position of nitrophenol compounds 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol and 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol: a density functional theoretical study.

FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNOC) and 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNMC) were recorded and analyzed in the solid phase in the region 4000-400 cm(-1) and 3500-50 cm(-1) respectively. Molecular modeling of the compounds PNOC and PNMC were done by the density functional theoretical (DFT) method using Becke's three parameter exchange functional combined with the Lee-Yang-Parr correlation functional with 6-31G(d) as basis set. Vibrational assignments of the two compounds have been carried out with the help of Normal coordinate analyses (NCA) followed by the Scaled Quantum Mechanical Force Field calculations (SQMFF). Intra-molecular charge transfer and delocalization within the molecule is confirmed with the aid of natural bond orbital analysis (NBO). PNOC and PNMC are similar compounds with same functional groups, only the position of the methyl group is different. The effect of the position change of the methyl group was interpreted with the vibrational spectra.

Broccoli regulates protein alterations and cataractogenesis in selenite models.

PURPOSE: To study the efficacy of Brassica oleracea var. italica (Broccoli) in the prevention of selenite induced biochemical changes and the incidence of cataractogenesis in vivo. METHODS: Eight day old Sprague-Dawley rat pups were divided into four groups: I-Control; II-Sodium selenite (4 mg/kg body weight) administered; III-Sodium selenite + quercetin; and IV-Sodium selenite + flavonoid fraction of broccoli (FFB). Treatment groups III and IV received quercetin and FFB intraperitoneally from 8th to 15th day at a concentration (2.0 mg/kg body weight). The development of cataract was assessed and graded by slit-lamp examination. Some relevant biochemical parameters-such as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, Ca(2+)ATPase, calpains, concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH), levels of calcium, lipid peroxidation product-thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and SDS-PAGE analysis of lens water soluble proteins (WSF) were analyzed. RESULTS: FFB modulates selenite-induced biochemical changes in albino rats. Lenses of Group I rats were clear but in Group II, all lenses developed dense opacification (grade 5 and 6), whereas mild opacifications were observed in Group III and Group IV (grade 2). Group III and Group IV lenses exhibited significantly higher values of antioxidant enzymes, Ca(2+)ATPase, and GSH, whereas lower values were obtained for TBARS, calcium, and calpains compared to Group II. Lens protein profile of water soluble proteins showed normal levels of Group III and Group IV compared to Group II lenses. CONCLUSION: FFB prevents selenite-induced cataractogenesis in albino rat pups, possibly by maintaining antioxidant status and ionic balance through Ca(2+) ATPase pump, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, calpain activation, and protein insolubilization, which have been reported in this article for the first time.

P300: a cognitive evaluation tool in acute ischemic stroke: a narrative review

Cognition is the scientific term for mental processes. These processes include attention, memory, problem solving, making decisions, producing and understanding language. This cognitive function is altered by various conditions like brain damage, ageing etc. Stroke is one of the main cause of cognitive impairment with an incidence ranging between 12 and 56% of affected population. P 300 is a long latency endogenous evoked potential. And it is referred to as cognitive evoked potential or event related potentials. P 300 is a wave form appears about 300ms following task - related endogenous stimuli which require attention and patients cooperation. The P 300 reflects processes related to attention, decision - making and memory updating. Research design: Narrative Review. EEG apparatus, event related potential P 300 wave form. In general, exercise improves the cognitive function. Various types of subjective measures available to assess the cognitive function but there is no direct reliable measure to asses cognitive function in patients. There is a need to find the scientific way of measuring cognitive function. In this review, a neurophysiological measure P 300 is explained to measure the cognitive function improvement after physical therapy management in stroke. P 300 will be a novel way of measuring cognitive function improvement after physical therapy management in stroke

Efficacy of antenatal synergistic facilitation of pelvic floor muscles versus kegel exercises on pelvic floor muscle strength- a post-partum review

To compare the efficacy of antenatal synergistic muscles facilitation on pelvic floor versus kegels exercises on postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength. Quasi-experimental, Post-test only design with a comparison group. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, P. S. Govindasamy Hospitals, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India. Seventy-eight antenatal women were randomly selected. Among the 78 women, 39 each were assigned to Group A [interventional group] and to Group B [control group]. Finally 21 women in each group continued the treatment program. o Group A- synergistic muscles of pelvic floor [Diaphragm, Abdominals, Ankle dorsiflexors and pelvic floor muscles] o Group B - kegels exercises [Only pelvic floor muscles]. The pelvic floor muscle strength was measured using Perineometer after 30 days. Data from 42 women were analyzed. Independent t- test was used as statistical tool. A significant difference in the postpartum pelvic floor muscle strength was found between the interventional and the control group. The mean difference between the interventional and control group was 1.762mm hg. The calculated t value using independent t- test was 3.584 which was greater than tabulated test statistical value of the 1.960 at [p < 0.05]. The pelvic floor muscle strength was comparatively greater among the women who performed synergistic muscle re-education than kegels exercise group. Hence, antenatal Motor Relearning approach of diaphragmatic, deep abdominal and pelvic floor exercises can be implemented during a normal pregnancy unless precluded by additional risk factors

case report on phantom limb pain treated with mirror box therapy

To study and report the effect of mirror box therapy in the management of phantom limb pain after an upper limb amputation. Single Case study. Informal experimental. A diagnosed case of phantom limb pain of left upper limb was treated with mirror box therapy for 4 months with customized training protocols. 4 repeated assessments at the end of each month were performed using Verbal Rating Scale. The patient had notable clinical recovery following mirror box therapy for 4 months

Conductive education in the treatment of unilateral neglect: a case report

To determine whether motor learning using conductive education principles help: unilateral neglect. Descriptive case study - informal, motor relearning program based on the principles of conductive education through visual tracking was performed on a single case of a 62 year old unilateral neglect. Pre- to post-intervention outcome was measured on upper and lower limb function scale. Early intervention through conductive education helped in hastening the motor recovery in this case of unilateral neglect. Remarkable recovery was noted in the ista1 segments of the upper limbs and knee joint of lower limbs

Strength training on gait parameters of spastic children

To study the efficacy of "Strength Training" on gait parameters of spastic CP. Informal experimental design [before and after no control group design]. Child Development Centre, Valancheri, Kerala. Twenty six spastic cerebral palsy children with a mean age of 4.6 years, including nine male and eighteen females were studied for a total duration of eight months. All the children were selected following strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study group was a mix of children with crouching, hemiparesis and vertical knee stiffness. Following the baseline evaluation procedures, the children were treated with specially structured Strength Training under the NSCA guidelines. Post intervention data were collected at the end of four months of training. Gait speed, one minute walk test, timed up and go test, thirty seconds sit to stand test, ten meter walk test, Community Balance and Mobility scale, "Modified Ashworth Scale". The pre and post-test values were treated statistically using SPSS software. Student's t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank sum test were used to study the significance. An analysis was done to assess the effects of the intervention on subgroups of CP also. Compound resistance training is effective to improve the gait parameters in spastic cerebral palsy children. Children with crouching demonstrated superior improvements in the gait parameters compared to children with hemiparesis and stiff knee