RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study was to assess the association between 3 different calcium channel blockers (CCBs) (nifedipine, amlodipine and felodipine) and gingival overgrowth in patients with a diagnosis of severe refractory hypertension. METHODS: One hundred and sixty-two patients with severe refractory hypertension, taking CCBs, were selected. Gingival overgrowth was graded and periodontal measurements were recorded (probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and bleeding on probing). Unconditional multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between CCB intake and gingival overgrowth after adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Of the 162 patients, 26 (16.0%) were current smokers and 101 (62.3%) were females. The mean age (SD) was 54.1 (8.5) years and the median age (range) 52.5 (39-78) years. Gingival overgrowth was observed in 55 patients (34.0%). Nifedipine was the most common medication (35.2%; 57 of 162). The results of multiple binary logistic regression showed statistically significant associations between CCB intake (exposure) and gingival overgrowth (outcome) after adjusting for the variables treatment time with antihypertensive and plaque index. Patients with gingival overgrowth were 2.5 (odds ratio = 2.46; 95% confidence interval: 1.04-5.82) and 4.0 (odds ratio = 3.90; 95% confidence interval: 1.47-10.35) times more likely to be taking nifedipine and amlodipine, respectively, than patients without gingival overgrowth. On the other hand, this significant association was not observed for felodipine. CONCLUSION: Nifedipine and amlodipine, but not felodipine, were associated with gingival overgrowth in patients with severe refractory hypertension.
Assuntos
Bloqueadores dos Canais de Cálcio/efeitos adversos , Crescimento Excessivo da Gengiva/induzido quimicamente , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Idoso , Anlodipino/efeitos adversos , Brasil , Felodipino/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Nifedipino/efeitos adversos , Índice PeriodontalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To compare the analgesic effect of anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by GaAlAs into tender points of patients with orofacial pain and fibromyalgia (FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized clinical trial was performed with adults (N=66) that were allocated into two groups (1:1): Group A received LLLT irradiation by Diode Laser GaAlAs (780nm) with expositions twice a week during six weeks and Group B was treated with anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% without vasoconstrictor once a week for four weeks. The pain assessment included the Visual Analogic Scale (VAS) and tenderness to palpation. RESULTS: No dropout and adverse effect was observed during the study. The pain decreased significantly in each group after the treatment (p=0.0001, ß=1.0), even though no statistical difference was found between both treatments (p=0.46, ß= 0.82). The presence of tender points decreased after both treatments, with responsively in some types of masticatory muscles (p<0.05) except posterior temporalis muscle. The patients perception showed that both treatments were effective and a few patients reported that the treatment did not improve welfare. CONCLUSIONS: The LLLT by GaAlAs and anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine 2% were equally effective to control orofacial pain in FM individuals.
Assuntos
Anestesia Local , Anestésicos Locais/administração & dosagem , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Facial/radioterapia , Fibromialgia/complicações , Lasers Semicondutores/uso terapêutico , Lidocaína/administração & dosagem , Terapia com Luz de Baixa Intensidade , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-IdadeRESUMO
This study investigated the feathers' composition of South polar skua (Stercorarius maccormicki) using WDXRF, evaluating the concentration of essential and non-essential elements in the feathers, and dividing it into rachis and barb parts. We collected South polar skuas feathers from Hennequin Point, King George Island, South Shetland, Antarctic Peninsula in January of 2013. Our results show that 18 elements were observed in the composition of the feathers, with a different concentration between the rachis and barbs, qualitatively and quantitatively. Only 3 elements observed were classified as non-essentials but still mostly elements do not have a function described in the literature to the feathers. According to our knowledge, this is the first study that uses this technique to evaluate the concentration of different elements in the feathers. The findings of this study highlight the use of alternative techniques to biomonitoring elements in the ecosystem and bring baseline information for future studies.
Assuntos
Charadriiformes , Ecossistema , Animais , Plumas , Regiões Antárticas , Monitoramento BiológicoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: The relationship between surgical timing and hip fracture mortality is unknown in the context of developing countries where large delays to surgery are common. We observed that delay from fracture to hospital admission is associated with decreased survival after a hip fracture. INTRODUCTION: To examine the relationship between the time interval from fracture to surgery as well as its subcomponents (time from fracture to hospital admission and time from admission to surgery) and hip fracture survival. METHODS: The medical records of all patients aged 60 years and older admitted to a public university hospital in the city of Rio de Janeiro with a primary diagnosis of hip fracture between 1995 and 2000 were reviewed. Survival to hospital discharge and at 1 year were examined. RESULTS: Among 343 patients included in the study, there were 18 (5.3%) in-hospital deaths, and 297 (86.6%) patients remained alive 1 year after surgery. Very long delays from the time of fracture to hospital admission (mean 3 days) and from hospital admission to surgery (mean 13 days) were identified. Increased time from fracture to hospital admission was associated with reduced survival to hospital discharge (hazard ratio [HR] 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.15, p = 0.005) and reduced survival at 1 year after surgery (HR 1.07, 95% CI 1.03-1.10, p < 0.001). The interval of time from hospital admission to surgery was not associated with reduced survival to hospital discharge (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.96-1.10, p = 0.379) or at 1 year after surgery (HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.99-1.07, p= 0.185). CONCLUSIONS: If the association estimated in our study is causal, our results provide evidence that some hip fracture-related deaths could be prevented by improved patient access to appropriate and timely hospital care in the context of a developing country.
Assuntos
Fraturas do Quadril/mortalidade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil/epidemiologia , Países em Desenvolvimento , Feminino , Fraturas do Quadril/cirurgia , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
This epidemiological study was designed to find out the incidence and factors associated with the occurrence of intraosseous lesions diagnosed at a Reference Centre in Brazil. We included all patients diagnosed with intraosseous lesions (cyst, tumour, bone-associated lesion, and periapical disease) during the period 2006-2017, and analysed the association between some sociodemographic and clinical variables and the types of lesion. There was a total of 290 intraosseous lesions, the most common being odontogenic cysts. There was a significant association between age and odontogenic tumours (p=0.001). In relation to the histopathological diagnosis, root cysts were the most common (n=57), followed by dentigerous cysts (n=26). The lesions studied were seen most often in women between the second and fourth decades of life, odontogenic cysts being the most common type found. We know of few publications of similar epidemiological work, either in Brazil or in the rest of the world, so we suggest that more such studies are made.
Assuntos
Cisto Dentígero/patologia , Cistos Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Tumores Odontogênicos/epidemiologia , Doenças Estomatognáticas/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Cisto Dentígero/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cistos Odontogênicos/patologia , Tumores Odontogênicos/patologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Doenças Estomatognáticas/patologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
On the Southeastern coast of Brazil the presence of many archaeological shellmounds offers a great potential for studying the radiocarbon marine reservoir effect (MRE). However, very few such studies are available for this region. These archaeological settlements, mostly dating from 5 to 2 kyr cal BP, include both terrestrial and marine remains in good stratigraphic context and secure association, enabling the comparison of different carbon reservoirs. In a previous study the chronology of the Sambaqui da Tarioba, located in Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil, was established based on marine mollusc shells and charcoal samples from hearths, from several layers in two excavated sectors. We now compare the different materials with the aim of studying the MRE in this region. Calibration was performed with Oxford software OxCal v4.2.3 using the marine curve Marine13 with an undetermined offset to account for local corrections for shell samples, and the atmospheric curve SHCal13 for charcoal samples. The distribution of results considering a phase model indicates a ΔR value of -127 ± 67 (14)C yr in the 1 sigma range and the multi-paired approach leads to a mean value of -110 ± 94 (14)C yr.
Assuntos
Exoesqueleto/química , Radioisótopos de Carbono/análise , Moluscos/química , Datação Radiométrica , Animais , Arqueologia , Brasil , CalibragemRESUMO
The measurement of renal parenchymal volume using a calibrated computed tomography image processing method has been evaluated clinically on a cohort of patients with chronic pyelonephritis. Comparison of renal volume with function as assessed by 99Tcm DTPA renography demonstrated a simple linear relationship in patients who were normotensive and aproteinuric. The implications of this result on the interpretation of prognostic factors determining declining renal function in chronic pyelonephritis are discussed.
Assuntos
Rim/diagnóstico por imagem , Pielonefrite/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Doença Crônica , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Humanos , Rim/patologia , Rim/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Pielonefrite/patologia , Pielonefrite/fisiopatologia , Renografia por Radioisótopo , Distribuição Aleatória , Pentetato de Tecnécio Tc 99mRESUMO
Since the development of the TIE (Toxicity Identification and Evaluation) in 1988 it has been assumed that the capacity of EDTA and sodium thiosulfate to complex some metals, and thus remove their toxicity, can be applied to both freshwater and seawater ecotoxicological tests and the results subsequently interpreted. However, it is now known that there is a wide variability in the extent of this complexation. In this context, the removal of toxicity caused by the presence of Hg(2+), Cd(2+), Cu(2+), Cr(6+), Zn(2+), Ni(2+), Pb(2+), Ag(1+) and Se(2+), through metal complexation by EDTA and sodium thiosulfate, in relation to the performance of embryo-larval tests with the sea urchin Arbacia lixula was investigated. It was observed that EDTA was capable of removing the toxicity of Pb(2+), Zn(2+) and Cu(2+) while sodium thiosulfate only reduced the toxicity of Ag(1+). Compared to the complexation observed in freshwater ecotoxicological tests, the complexing agents used in this study (EDTA and sodium thiosulfate) have a lower capacity to complex metals in the marine ecotoxicological test with A. lixula.
Assuntos
Ácido Edético/química , Metais Pesados/toxicidade , Tiossulfatos/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/toxicidade , Animais , Complexos de Coordenação/química , Complexos de Coordenação/toxicidade , Larva/efeitos dos fármacos , Metais Pesados/química , Ouriços-do-Mar/efeitos dos fármacos , Ouriços-do-Mar/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testes de Toxicidade , Poluentes Químicos da Água/químicaRESUMO
A basic phospholipase A2 (LmrTX) isoform was isolated from Lachesis muta rhombeata snake venom and partially characterized. The venom was fractionated by molecular exclusion chromatography in ammonium bicarbonate buffer followed by reverse-phase HPLC on a C-5 Discovery® Bio Wide column. From liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry, the molecular mass of LmrTX was measured as 14.277.50 Da. The amino acid sequence showed a high degree of homology between PLA2 LmrTX from L. muta rhombeata and other PLA2 from snake venoms, like CB1 and CB2 from Crotalus durissus terrificus; LmTX-I and LmTX-II from Lachesis muta muta. LmrTX had PLA2 activity in the presence of a synthetic substrate and alkylation of histidine residues significantly inhibited (P < 0.05) the enzymatic activity of LmrTX and its anticoagulant and antithrombotic activity. In this study, we examined the ability of the LmrTX in altering thrombus formation in living mouse, using a photochemically induced arterial thrombosis model. The control animals that did not receive protein injection showed a normal occlusion time, which was around 57 ± 7.8 min. LmrTX, the PLA2 from L. muta rhombeata venom, caused a change in the occlusion time to 99 ± 10 min with doses of 7.5 µg/mice. Additionally, LmrTX showed the anticoagulant activity in vitro and ex vivo and prolonging the time aggregation in wash platelet induced by ADP and Thrombin.
Assuntos
Venenos de Crotalídeos/enzimologia , Fosfolipases A2/genética , Fosfolipases A2/metabolismo , Trombose/induzido quimicamente , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Animais , Sequência de Bases , Cromatografia em Gel , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Cromatografia Líquida , Espectrometria de Massas , Camundongos , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
This work reports the isolation of the sesquiterpene lactone 15-deoxygoyazensolide from the stems of Minasia alpestris and the evaluation of its antimicrobial activity against the following oral pathogens: Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus salivarius, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Lactobacillus casei. Despite the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of other sesquiterpene lactones of the furanoheliangolide-type, our results revealed that this compound exhibits low antibacterial activity against the evaluated oral pathogens; however, an interesting selectivity against E. faecalis (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]=40 µg mL(-1)) and S. sobrinus (MIC=60 µg mL(-1)) was observed.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/isolamento & purificação , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Asteraceae/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Enterococcus faecalis/efeitos dos fármacos , Compostos Heterocíclicos com 3 Anéis/química , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
Avaliou-se o efeito da adição de teores crescentes de ureia (0,0; 0,5 e 1,0%) na matéria natural da cana-de-açúcar sobre a produção e composição do leite, eficiência alimentar e viabilidade econômica. Foram utilizadas 18 vacas em lactação, com produção média inicial de 21,3±0,8kg/dia de leite e com 83±7 dias em lactação, distribuídas em delineamento ensaio de reversão do tipo switch-back, 3x3. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de cana-de-açúcar como volumoso único e concentrado, na relação de 50:50 (base MS). Não houve efeito da suplementação dos diferentes teores de ureia sobre a produção e composição do leite. Contudo, a eficiência alimentar (produção de leite/consumo de matéria seca) foi melhor nas dietas em que se utilizou ureia, sendo 1,14; 1,17 e 1,17, respectivamente, para as dietas com 0,0; 0,5 e 1,0% de ureia (P<0,05). Considerando-se apenas o custo alimentar, todas as dietas apresentaram saldo positivo, sendo que a dieta com 1,0% de ureia apresentou o melhor saldo.(AU)
We studied the effect of increasing 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0% urea in natural sugar cane on cow milk production and composition, food productivity and economic viability. Eighteen lactating cows were studied, they had avarage milk production of 21.3±0.8kg/day and were 83±7 days in lactation in a switch-back, 3 x 3 design. The experimental diets consisted of a unique concentrated sugar cane portion with the 50:50 relation (MS base). The results showed no effect of different urea concentrations on the milk production or composition. However, food productivity (milk production/dry matter consumption) was 1.14; 1.17, and 1.17 respectively on urea diets of 0.0; 0.5 and 1.0% (P<0.05). Considering only the alimentary cost, all diets had a positive balance, and the 1.0% urea concentration was the best.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Bovinos , Lactação , Saccharum , Ureia , Leite , Dieta , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Análise Custo-Benefício , Produção de AlimentosRESUMO
Avaliou-se o efeito da adição de teores crescentes de ureia (0,0; 0,5 e 1,0%) na matéria natural da cana-de-açúcar sobre a produção e composição do leite, eficiência alimentar e viabilidade econômica. Foram utilizadas 18 vacas em lactação, com produção média inicial de 21,3±0,8kg/dia de leite e com 83±7 dias em lactação, distribuídas em delineamento ensaio de reversão do tipo switch-back, 3x3. As dietas experimentais foram constituídas de cana-de-açúcar como volumoso único e concentrado, na relação de 50:50 (base MS). Não houve efeito da suplementação dos diferentes teores de ureia sobre a produção e composição do leite. Contudo, a eficiência alimentar (produção de leite/consumo de matéria seca) foi melhor nas dietas em que se utilizou ureia, sendo 1,14; 1,17 e 1,17, respectivamente, para as dietas com 0,0; 0,5 e 1,0% de ureia (P<0,05). Considerando-se apenas o custo alimentar, todas as dietas apresentaram saldo positivo, sendo que a dieta com 1,0% de ureia apresentou o melhor saldo.(AU)
We studied the effect of increasing 0.0, 0.5 and 1.0% urea in natural sugar cane on cow milk production and composition, food productivity and economic viability. Eighteen lactating cows were studied, they had avarage milk production of 21.3±0.8kg/day and were 83±7 days in lactation in a switch-back, 3 x 3 design. The experimental diets consisted of a unique concentrated sugar cane portion with the 50:50 relation (MS base). The results showed no effect of different urea concentrations on the milk production or composition. However, food productivity (milk production/dry matter consumption) was 1.14; 1.17, and 1.17 respectively on urea diets of 0.0; 0.5 and 1.0% (P<0.05). Considering only the alimentary cost, all diets had a positive balance, and the 1.0% urea concentration was the best.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Feminino , Bovinos , Lactação , Leite/química , Aditivos Alimentares , Ureia/administração & dosagem , Custos e Análise de CustoAssuntos
Indígenas Sul-Americanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Malária Vivax/epidemiologia , Plasmodium vivax/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Antígenos de Protozoários/classificação , Brasil/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/métodos , Humanos , Malária Vivax/imunologia , Estudos RetrospectivosAssuntos
Cricetinae , Esquistossomose/parasitologia , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Contagem de Ovos de ParasitasRESUMO
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, determinar a melhor relação entre proteína e carboidrato na dieta do híbrido carnívoro Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum e Leiarius marmoratus. Utilizou-se um sistema fechado de recirculação de água, composto de 12 caixas de 500L e biofiltro. Foram utilizados 144 juvenis (12/caixa) com peso médio inicial de 12,63±2,52g e comprimento total de 12,34±2,06cm durante 50 dias. Os peixes receberam quatro dietas contendo diferentes relações proteína:carboidrato (1,24; 0,84; 0,56 e 0,33). A relação proteína:carboidrato influenciou o desempenho e os parâmetros metabólicos dos animais. A melhor relação proteína:carboidrato para o desempenho foi 0,84. Os resultados metabólicos demonstraram mobilização de nutrientes para manutenção de glicemia e do crescimento. A relação proteína:carboidrato de 0,84 foi a mais indicada para o híbrido.(AU)
The purpose of this study was to determine the best protein:carbohydrate ratio in this hybrid's diet. A water recirculation closed system was used, composed of twelve tanks with 500L each. 144 juveniles (12/tank) with initial weight of 12.63±2.52g and total length of 12.34±2.06cm were distributed. The experiment lasted for 50 days and the fingerlings were feed four diets containing different protein:carbohydrate ratios (1.24; 0.84; 0.56 and 0.33). The protein:carbohydrate ratio influenced performance. The 0.84 ratio promoted better weight gain, smaller apparent feed conversion, great feed intake and largest daily specific growth rate. In short, the 0.84 protein:carbohydrate ratio is most indicated for this hybrid. The results demonstrated metabolic mobilization of nutrients for maintenance of glucose and growth. The 0.84 protein: carbohydrate ratio was recommended for the hybrid.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes-Gato/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peixes-Gato/fisiologia , Ração Animal , Proteínas/administração & dosagem , Carboidratos/administração & dosagem , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição AnimalRESUMO
A busca de alimentos alternativos para a fabricação de ração para peixes tem se tornado constante. No entanto, é essencial que, além de ter ótimo aproveitamento pela espécie, este alimento esteja disponível ao longo do ano. Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da substituição do farelo de milho pelo farelo de licuri sobre o desempenho de alevinos de tambaqui. Três tratamentos de níveis de substituição de milho pelo farelo de licuri (33,33 por cento; 66,66 por cento e 100 por cento) foram avaliados e comprados com a dieta controle. Os alevinos, com peso inicial médio de 3,18±0,5g, foram distribuídos em caixas de água de 250L, contendo cada uma, inicialmente, 16 animais. Os alevinos foram alimentados três vezes ao dia, a uma taxa de 5 por cento da biomassa total, durante o período de 50 dias. A cada 10 dias eram realizadas biometrias. Ao final do experimento, foram avaliados parâmetros de desempenho zootécnico e foi feita avaliação bromatológica da carcaça. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, para os parâmetros: peso final, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, eficiência alimentar, sobrevivência e crescimento, somente para o consumo de ração, que foi significativamente menor quando houve 100 por cento de substituição. Neste tratamento também houve maior porcentagem de proteína bruta e menor teor de extrato etéreo na carcaça.(AU)
The search for alternative ingredients for fish feed has become constant, therefore it is essential that the ingredients have total use by the specie. Beyond this, the ingredient should be available throughout the year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the corn meal replacement by licuri meal over tambaqui juvenile performance. Three replacement treatments were evaluated and compared to the control diet (33.33 percent; 66.66 percent and 100 percent). Sixteen fish (initial weight = 3.18 ± 0.5 g ) were placed in 250 L tanks. Fish were fed three times a day at the average of 5 percent of total biomass. Every ten days fish were weighed and measured. At the end of the trial, performance and carcass composition were evaluated in each treatment. There was no significant difference among treatments for final weight, weight gain, feed conversion, feed efficiency, survival and growth. However, there was significant difference for feed consumption, which was significantly lower where 100% of corn meal was replaced by licuri meal. Is this treatment higher carcass protein content and lower carcass fat was also significant.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Caraciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Arecaceae , Ração Animal , Biometria , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, determinar a melhor relação entre proteína e carboidrato na dieta do híbrido carnívoro Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum e Leiarius marmoratus. Utilizou-se um sistema fechado de recirculação de água, composto de 12 caixas de 500L e biofiltro. Foram utilizados 144 juvenis (12/caixa) com peso médio inicial de 12,63±2,52g e comprimento total de 12,34±2,06cm durante 50 dias. Os peixes receberam quatro dietas contendo diferentes relações proteína:carboidrato (1,24; 0,84; 0,56 e 0,33). A relação proteína:carboidrato influenciou o desempenho e os parâmetros metabólicos dos animais. A melhor relação proteína:carboidrato para o desempenho foi 0,84. Os resultados metabólicos demonstraram mobilização de nutrientes para manutenção de glicemia e do crescimento. A relação proteína:carboidrato de 0,84 foi a mais indicada para o híbrido...
The purpose of this study was to determine the best protein:carbohydrate ratio in this hybrid's diet. A water recirculation closed system was used, composed of twelve tanks with 500L each. 144 juveniles (12/tank) with initial weight of 12.63±2.52g and total length of 12.34±2.06cm were distributed. The experiment lasted for 50 days and the fingerlings were feed four diets containing different protein:carbohydrate ratios (1.24; 0.84; 0.56 and 0.33). The protein:carbohydrate ratio influenced performance. The 0.84 ratio promoted better weight gain, smaller apparent feed conversion, great feed intake and largest daily specific growth rate. In short, the 0.84 protein:carbohydrate ratio is most indicated for this hybrid. The results demonstrated metabolic mobilization of nutrients for maintenance of glucose and growth. The 0.84 protein: carbohydrate ratio was recommended for the hybrid...
Assuntos
Animais , Ração Animal , Carboidratos/administração & dosagem , Peixes-Gato/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peixes-Gato/fisiologia , Proteínas/administração & dosagem , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição AnimalRESUMO
A busca de alimentos alternativos para a fabricação de ração para peixes tem se tornado constante. No entanto, é essencial que, além de ter ótimo aproveitamento pela espécie, este alimento esteja disponível ao longo do ano. Deste modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da substituição do farelo de milho pelo farelo de licuri sobre o desempenho de alevinos de tambaqui. Três tratamentos de níveis de substituição de milho pelo farelo de licuri (33,33 por cento; 66,66 por cento e 100 por cento) foram avaliados e comprados com a dieta controle. Os alevinos, com peso inicial médio de 3,18±0,5g, foram distribuídos em caixas de água de 250L, contendo cada uma, inicialmente, 16 animais. Os alevinos foram alimentados três vezes ao dia, a uma taxa de 5 por cento da biomassa total, durante o período de 50 dias. A cada 10 dias eram realizadas biometrias. Ao final do experimento, foram avaliados parâmetros de desempenho zootécnico e foi feita avaliação bromatológica da carcaça. Não houve diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, para os parâmetros: peso final, ganho de peso, conversão alimentar, eficiência alimentar, sobrevivência e crescimento, somente para o consumo de ração, que foi significativamente menor quando houve 100 por cento de substituição. Neste tratamento também houve maior porcentagem de proteína bruta e menor teor de extrato etéreo na carcaça...
The search for alternative ingredients for fish feed has become constant, therefore it is essential that the ingredients have total use by the specie. Beyond this, the ingredient should be available throughout the year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the corn meal replacement by licuri meal over tambaqui juvenile performance. Three replacement treatments were evaluated and compared to the control diet (33.33 percent; 66.66 percent and 100 percent). Sixteen fish (initial weight = 3.18 ± 0.5 g ) were placed in 250 L tanks. Fish were fed three times a day at the average of 5 percent of total biomass. Every ten days fish were weighed and measured. At the end of the trial, performance and carcass composition were evaluated in each treatment. There was no significant difference among treatments for final weight, weight gain, feed conversion, feed efficiency, survival and growth. However, there was significant difference for feed consumption, which was significantly lower where 100% of corn meal was replaced by licuri meal. Is this treatment higher carcass protein content and lower carcass fat was also significant...
Assuntos
Animais , Ração Animal , Arecaceae , Caraciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Biometria , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar qual frequência alimentar promove o melhor desempenho em juvenis de tambaqui. Foram testadas quatro frequências alimentares (duas, quatro, seis e oito vezes ao dia) em intervalos regulares. Foram estocados alevinos de tambaqui com peso médio inicial de 15,74±0,28g em 16 aquários de vidro transparentes com capacidade de 70L de volume útil, em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. O período de alimentação foi de 30 dias, e utilizou-se uma ração comercial contendo 45 por cento de proteína bruta para peixes onívoros, com taxa de arraçoamento de 6 por cento da biomassa total dos peixes de cada aquário. Os resultados médios de pH, temperatura (°C) e condutividade elétrica (mS/cm) para manhã e tarde foram, respectivamente: 6,91; 6,96; 25,85; 27,69; 0,65; e 0,65. Foram avaliados os índices de desempenho: ganho de peso, conversão alimentar aparente, taxa de crescimento específico, sobrevivência, e também foi analisada a glicose sanguínea. Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas para as variáveis estudadas. Recomenda-se a frequência de alimentação de duas vezes ao dia para juvenis de tambaqui, principalmente visando minimizar mão de obra.(AU)
The aim of this research was to assess how often food promotes better performance in tambaqui. We tested four food frequencies (two, four, six and eight times a day) at regular intervals. Tambaqui fingerlings with initial weight of 15.74±0.28g were stocked in 16 transparent glass tanks with a capacity of 70L of usable volume in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The feeding period was thirty days and a commercial diet containing 45 percent crude protein for omnivorous fish and a feeding rate of 6 percent of the total biomass of fish for each experimental unit was used. The average results of pH, temperature °C and electrical conductivity mS/cm for morning and afternoon were respectively 6.91 and 6.96; 25.85 and 27.69; 0.65 and 0.65. We evaluated the performance indices: weight gain, feed conversion, specific growth rate, survival, and also blood glucose. No significant differences were detected for the variables studied. It is recommended that the frequency of feeding be 2 times a day for tambaqui, mainly to minimize labor.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Adolescente , Caraciformes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ração Animal , Aumento de Peso/fisiologia , Glicemia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição AnimalRESUMO
Objetivou-se nesta pesquisa avaliar qual frequência alimentar promove o melhor desempenho em juvenis de tambaqui. Foram testadas quatro frequências alimentares (duas, quatro, seis e oito vezes ao dia) em intervalos regulares. Foram estocados alevinos de tambaqui com peso médio inicial de 15,74±0,28g em 16 aquários de vidro transparentes com capacidade de 70L de volume útil, em um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições. O período de alimentação foi de 30 dias, e utilizou-se uma ração comercial contendo 45 por cento de proteína bruta para peixes onívoros, com taxa de arraçoamento de 6 por cento da biomassa total dos peixes de cada aquário. Os resultados médios de pH, temperatura (°C) e condutividade elétrica (mS/cm) para manhã e tarde foram, respectivamente: 6,91; 6,96; 25,85; 27,69; 0,65; e 0,65. Foram avaliados os índices de desempenho: ganho de peso, conversão alimentar aparente, taxa de crescimento específico, sobrevivência, e também foi analisada a glicose sanguínea. Não foram detectadas diferenças significativas para as variáveis estudadas. Recomenda-se a frequência de alimentação de duas vezes ao dia para juvenis de tambaqui, principalmente visando minimizar mão de obra...
The aim of this research was to assess how often food promotes better performance in tambaqui. We tested four food frequencies (two, four, six and eight times a day) at regular intervals. Tambaqui fingerlings with initial weight of 15.74±0.28g were stocked in 16 transparent glass tanks with a capacity of 70L of usable volume in a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replications. The feeding period was thirty days and a commercial diet containing 45 percent crude protein for omnivorous fish and a feeding rate of 6 percent of the total biomass of fish for each experimental unit was used. The average results of pH, temperature °C and electrical conductivity mS/cm for morning and afternoon were respectively 6.91 and 6.96; 25.85 and 27.69; 0.65 and 0.65. We evaluated the performance indices: weight gain, feed conversion, specific growth rate, survival, and also blood glucose. No significant differences were detected for the variables studied. It is recommended that the frequency of feeding be 2 times a day for tambaqui, mainly to minimize labor...