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1.
Phys Rev Lett ; 124(11): 117203, 2020 Mar 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32242686

RESUMO

We report a chemical substitution-induced ferromagnetic quantum critical point in polycrystalline Ni_{1-x}Rh_{x} alloys. Through magnetization and muon spin relaxation measurements, we show that the ferromagnetic ordering temperature is suppressed continuously to zero at x_{crit}=0.375 while the magnetic volume fraction remains 100% up to x_{crit}, pointing to a second order transition. Non-Fermi liquid behavior is observed close to x_{crit}, where the electronic specific heat C_{el}/T diverges logarithmically, while immediately above x_{crit} the volume thermal expansion coefficient α_{V}/T and the Grüneisen ratio Γ=α_{V}/C_{el} both diverge logarithmically in the low temperature limit, further indication of a ferromagnetic quantum critical point in Ni_{1-x}Rh_{x}.

2.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 70(5): 1522-6, 2015 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25630644

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Aspergillus fumigatus is the most common agent of invasive aspergillosis (IA). In recent years, resistance to triazoles, the mainstay of IA therapy, has emerged in different countries worldwide. IA caused by azole-resistant A. fumigatus (ARAF) shows an exceedingly high mortality. In this study, IA due to ARAF isolates in HSCT recipients in Germany was investigated. METHODS: The epidemiology of azole resistance in IA was analysed in two German haematology departments. Between 2012 and 2013, 762 patients received HSCT in Essen (n = 388) and Cologne (n = 374). Susceptibility testing of A. fumigatus isolates was performed by Etest, followed by EUCAST broth microdilution testing if elevated MICs were recorded. In all ARAF isolates the cyp51A gene was sequenced and the genotype was determined by microsatellite typing using nine short tandem repeats. RESULTS: In total, A. fumigatus was recovered from 27 HSCT recipients. Eight patients had azole-resistant IA after HSCT, and seven of the cases were fatal (88%). All except one patient received antifungal prophylaxis (in five cases triazoles). TR34/L98H was the most common mutation (n = 5), followed by TR46/Y121F/T289A (n = 2). In one resistant isolate no cyp51A mutation was detected. Genotyping revealed genetic diversity within the German ARAF isolates and no clustering with resistant isolates from the Netherlands, India and France. CONCLUSIONS: This report highlights the emergence of azole-resistant IA with TR34/L98H and TR46/Y121F/T289A mutations in HSCT patients in Germany and underscores the need for systematic antifungal susceptibility testing of A. fumigatus.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergillus fumigatus/efeitos dos fármacos , Azóis/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Fúngica , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Aspergillus fumigatus/classificação , Aspergillus fumigatus/genética , Aspergillus fumigatus/isolamento & purificação , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/genética , Feminino , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Genótipo , Alemanha/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Repetições de Microssatélites , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tipagem Molecular , Proteínas Mutantes/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Micológica , Análise de Sequência de DNA
3.
Mycoses ; 58(12): 735-45, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26497302

RESUMO

The increasing incidence of invasive fungal diseases (IFD), most of all invasive aspergillosis (IA) in immunocompromised patients emphasises the need to improve the diagnostic tools for detection of fungal pathogens. We investigated the diagnostic performance of a multifungal DNA-microarray detecting 15 different fungi [Aspergillus, Candida, Fusarium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Scedosporium and Trichosporon species (spp.)] in addition to an Aspergillus specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. Biopsies, bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral blood samples of 133 immunocompromised patients (pts) were investigated by a multifungal DNA-microarray as well as a nested Aspergillus specific PCR assay. Patients had proven (n = 18), probable (n = 29), possible (n = 48) and no IFD (n = 38) and were mostly under antifungal therapy at the time of sampling. The results were compared to culture, histopathology, imaging and serology, respectively. For the non-Aspergillus IFD the microarray analysis yielded in all samples a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 80%. Best results for the detection of all IFD were achieved by combining DNA-microarray and Aspergillus specific PCR in biopsy samples (sensitivity 79%; specificity 71%). The molecular assays in combination identify genomic DNA of fungal pathogens and may improve identification of causative pathogens of IFD and help overcoming the diagnostic uncertainty of culture and/or histopathology findings, even during antifungal therapy.


Assuntos
Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergillus fumigatus/isolamento & purificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Multiplex/métodos , Análise de Sequência com Séries de Oligonucleotídeos/métodos , Adulto , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/sangue , Aspergilose/diagnóstico por imagem , Aspergillus fumigatus/genética , Aspergillus fumigatus/imunologia , Sequência de Bases , Biópsia por Agulha , Lavagem Broncoalveolar , DNA Fúngico/isolamento & purificação , Feminino , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Radiografia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
4.
J Clin Microbiol ; 52(6): 2039-45, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24671798

RESUMO

Galactomannan detection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples (GM test) is currently considered the gold standard test for diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The limitations, however, are the various turnaround times and availability of testing. We compared the performance of GM testing with that of conventional culture, an Aspergillus lateral-flow-device (LFD) test, a beta-d-glucan (BDG) test, and an Aspergillus PCR assay by using BAL fluid samples from immunocompromised patients. A total of 78 BAL fluid samples from 78 patients at risk for IPA (74 samples from Graz and 4 from Mannheim) collected between December 2012 and May 2013 at two university hospitals in Austria and Germany were included. Three patients had proven IPA, 14 probable IPA, and 17 possible IPA, and 44 patients had no IPA. The diagnostic accuracies of the different methods for probable/proven IPA were evaluated. The diagnostic odds ratios were the highest for the GM, PCR, and LFD tests. The sensitivities for the four methods (except culture) were between 70 and 88%. The combination of the GM (cutoff optical density index [ODI], >1.0) and LFD tests increased the sensitivity to 94%, while the combination of the GM test (>1.0) and PCR resulted in 100% sensitivity (specificity for probable/proven IPA, 95 to 98%). The performance of conventional culture was limited by low sensitivity, while that of the BDG test was limited by low specificity. We evaluated established and novel diagnostic methods for IPA and found that the Aspergillus PCR, LFD, and GM tests were the most useful methods for diagnosing the disease by using BAL fluid samples. In particular, the combination of the GM test and PCR or, if PCR is not available, the LFD test, allows for sensitive and specific diagnosis of IPA.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Fungos/análise , Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , DNA Fúngico/análise , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/diagnóstico , Técnicas Microbiológicas/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Aspergillus/química , Aspergillus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Áustria , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/química , Cromatografia de Afinidade/métodos , Feminino , Galactose/análogos & derivados , Alemanha , Glucanos/análise , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Masculino , Mananas/análise , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto Jovem
5.
Mycoses ; 57(9): 537-43, 2014 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24655146

RESUMO

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) remains difficult to diagnose in immunocompromised patients, because diagnostic EORTC/MSG criteria are often not met. As biomarkers might elucidate the pathogen, we analysed the performance of an Aspergillus PCR assay in blood for diagnosis of IA in immunocompromised paediatric patients with suspected infections. Ninety-five haemato-oncological paediatric patients were included over a period of 3 years, the underlying diseases consisting of acute leukaemia, solid tumours, non-malignant immunocompromising disorders and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients. We retrospectively analysed 253 consecutive episodes of suspected infections. Thirty-eight patients had possible IA, none of the patients fulfilled EORTC/MSG criteria of probable/proven IA. PCR positivity was observed in 97/967 analyses. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the PCR per episode were 34%, 78%, 31% and 81% using possible IA as endpoint. Taken together, an undirected blood screening by Aspergillus-specific PCR is of little diagnostic value in a heterogenous paediatric patient cohort. Harnessing PCR for diagnosis of IA should thus be focused on blood analyses of more homogenous high-risk patients and/or analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage, tissue or cerebrospinal fluid specimens.


Assuntos
Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , Transplante de Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/efeitos adversos , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/diagnóstico , Programas de Rastreamento/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Neoplasias/complicações , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adolescente , Aspergillus/genética , Sangue/microbiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , DNA Fúngico/sangue , DNA Fúngico/química , DNA Fúngico/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Lactente , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/microbiologia , Masculino , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Análise de Sequência de DNA , Adulto Jovem
6.
J Clin Microbiol ; 51(12): 4178-85, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24108612

RESUMO

Although it is a severe complication in immunocompromised patients, diagnosing invasive fungal disease (IFD), especially invasive aspergillosis (IA), remains difficult. In certain clinical scenarios, examining tissue samples for identification of the infectious organism becomes important. As culture-based methods rarely yield results, the performance of an Aspergillus-specific nested PCR in fresh tissue or pleural effusion samples was evaluated. Fresh tissue (n = 59) and effusion (n = 47) specimens from 79 immunocompromised patients were subjected to an Aspergillus-specific PCR assay. Twenty-six patients had proven (n = 20) or probable (n = 6) IFD, according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) criteria, while the remaining patients were classified as having either possible IFD (n = 30) or no IFD (n = 23). IA was identified as the underlying IFD in 21/26 proven/probable cases. PCR positivity was observed for 18/21 proven/probable and 6 possible IA cases; cases classified as no IA did not show positive signals. Patients with proven IFD (n = 5) with cultures positive for non-Aspergillus molds also had negative Aspergillus PCR results. Aspergillus PCR performance analysis yielded sensitivity and specificity values of 86% (95% confidence interval [CI], 65% to 95%) and 100% (95% CI, 86% to 100%), respectively, thus leading to a diagnostic odds ratio of >200. In this analysis, good diagnostic performance of the PCR assay for detection of IA was observed for tissue samples, while effusion samples showed lower sensitivity rates. PCR testing represents a complementary tool; a positive PCR result strengthens the likelihood of IA, whereas IA seems unlikely in cases with negative results but findings could indicate non-Aspergillus IFD. Thus, PCR testing of these specimens enhances the diagnostic capabilities.


Assuntos
Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , Técnicas Microbiológicas/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Aspergillus/genética , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/microbiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Derrame Pleural/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto Jovem
7.
Euro Surveill ; 17(36): 20262, 2012 Sep 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22971327

RESUMO

We report the first culture-proven case of invasive aspergillosis (IA) caused by azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia in Germany. IA presented as breakthrough infection under posaconazole prophylaxis. Analysis of the resistance mechanism revealed the TR/L98H mutation in the cyp51A gene, which indicates an environmental origin of the strain. This case underscores the need for monitoring azole resistance in Aspergillus spp. and for routine susceptibility testing of moulds.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Aspergilose/complicações , Aspergilose/diagnóstico , Aspergillus fumigatus/isolamento & purificação , Azóis/farmacologia , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/complicações , Adulto , Anfotericina B/uso terapêutico , Antifúngicos/uso terapêutico , Aspergilose/tratamento farmacológico , Aspergillus fumigatus/efeitos dos fármacos , Aspergillus fumigatus/genética , Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450/genética , Farmacorresistência Fúngica/genética , Febre/etiologia , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Alemanha , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Mutação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Análise de Sequência , Resultado do Tratamento , Triazóis/farmacologia , Voriconazol
8.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 154(2): 82-6, 2012 Feb.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22287140

RESUMO

We examined and monitored a dairy farm in which a large number of calves were born with nuclear cataracts after a mobile phone base station had been erected in the vicinity of the barn. Calves showed a 3.5 times higher risk for heavy cataract if born there compared to Swiss average. All usual causes such as infection or poisoning, common in Switzerland, could be excluded. The real cause of the increased incidence of cataracts remains unknown.


Assuntos
Catarata/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Telefone Celular , Animais , Catarata/epidemiologia , Catarata/etiologia , Bovinos , Feminino , Incidência , Fatores de Risco , Suíça/epidemiologia
9.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 154(3): 121-3, 2012 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22378053

RESUMO

A five-year-old Brown Swiss bull was referred to the Department of Farm Animals, University of Zurich, because of bilateral epiphora that was unresponsive to treatment. Clinical examination revealed a fistulous opening medial to the medial canthus of both eyes and mucopurulent discharge from both openings. Attempts to flush the nasolacrimal duct via the lacrimal points resulted in the fluid exiting via the fistulous opening. Retrograde flushing of the nasolacrimal duct from the nasolacrimal opening resulted in the flush fluid flowing back out the nasolacrimal opening. Bilateral lacrimal fistula medial to the medial canthus of the eye was diagnosed based on the findings. The same anomaly was diagnosed a year later in 4 related female animals referred to our Department for other reasons. Three of the cases were sired by the bull described above and one was sired by his half-brother. Therefore, an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance of this anomaly was assumed. Clinical, epidemiological and molecular studies of the offspring of both bulls are underway to further investigate this anomaly.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/congênito , Bovinos/anormalidades , Fístula/veterinária , Doenças do Aparelho Lacrimal/veterinária , Aparelho Lacrimal/anormalidades , Animais , Doenças dos Bovinos/genética , Feminino , Fístula/congênito , Fístula/genética , Doenças do Aparelho Lacrimal/congênito , Doenças do Aparelho Lacrimal/genética , Masculino
10.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 154(4): 149-52, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22563611

RESUMO

The following report describes the direct detection of Ehrlichia canis by real-time PCR in the conjunctiva of a 1-year-old female Maltese dog. After being imported from Brazil, the dog was presented because of anorexia, dehydration, fever, and palpable mandibular lymph nodes. A few days later, the dog developed bilateral blepharospasm, photophobia and anterior uveitis. Monocytic ehrlichia was diagnosed by a positive PCR result and the detection of IgM and IgG antibodies. Because of the massive uveitis a conjunctival sample was taken with a cytobrush, which also tested positive for Ehrlichia canis DNA by real-time PCR. Only one week after starting treatment with systemic doxycycline and local anti-inflammatory and cyclopalgic therapy the dog recovered from systemic and eye diseases. After therapy the follow-up examination revealed a full remission of clinical and hematological parameters and negative PCR result.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Ehrlichia canis/isolamento & purificação , Ehrlichiose/veterinária , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real/veterinária , Uveíte Anterior/veterinária , Animais , DNA Bacteriano/sangue , Doenças do Cão/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Cão/microbiologia , Cães , Ehrlichia canis/genética , Ehrlichiose/diagnóstico , Ehrlichiose/tratamento farmacológico , Ehrlichiose/microbiologia , Feminino , Oftalmoscopia/veterinária , Tonometria Ocular/veterinária , Uveíte Anterior/diagnóstico , Uveíte Anterior/tratamento farmacológico , Uveíte Anterior/microbiologia
11.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 153(6): 269-75, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21638263

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence and the incidence of hereditary cataract and progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) in the Entlebucher Mountaindog (EMD) and to evaluate possible changes over time. In addition, the influence of selective breeding programs and DNA-testing for PRA was also investigated. Data of eye certifications for hereditary eye diseases was used. Between 1999 and 2009 a total of 798 ocular examinations were carried out in 285 EMD. 20.4 % had cataracts and 69 % of these were of the posterior polar type. PRA was diagnosed in 6.3 % of the dogs. Cataracts were diagnosed at 5.24 ± 2.71 years (mean ± standard error), while PRA was diagnosed at 4.93 ± 1.32 years of age. The incidence of PRA and cataract showed a decreasing trend (p-value > 0.2) without being significant.


Assuntos
Catarata/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Oftalmopatias Hereditárias/veterinária , Doenças Retinianas/veterinária , Animais , Cruzamento , Catarata/complicações , Catarata/epidemiologia , Catarata/genética , Doenças do Cão/genética , Cães , Oftalmopatias Hereditárias/epidemiologia , Oftalmopatias Hereditárias/genética , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Incidência , Masculino , Prevalência , Análise de Regressão , Doenças Retinianas/complicações , Doenças Retinianas/epidemiologia , Doenças Retinianas/genética , Estudos Retrospectivos , Suíça/epidemiologia , Fatores de Tempo
12.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 153(7): 330-4, 2011 Jul.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21728164

RESUMO

The analysis and optimization of transportation routes of calves to slaughterhouses by means of a GIS (geographical information system) route planning and time limitation software for the fleet management in transportation industry was performed. As basic data the farms (last locations of the calves) and the slaughterhouses were available in each case with addresses and coordinates. 150 data records from 258 veal calves could be evaluated. None of the calves was transported longer than 6 hours. Therefore, in all cases the Swiss law for animal protection was obeyed concerning maximum length of transportation time. In the road model, 82% of calves were transported too far.


Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos/métodos , Meios de Transporte , Animais , Bovinos , Sistemas de Informação Geográfica , Software/normas , Suíça , Fatores de Tempo
13.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 151(12): 597-603, 2009 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19946851

RESUMO

In this retrospective study, the results of 3'527 eye examinations in 6 different breeds affected with Collie Eye Anomaly (CEA) over a period of 8 years (1999 - 2007) are described. CEA was divided into three main ophthalmoscopic features, a) choroidal hypoplasia (CRH), b) CRH and coloboma and c) coloboma alone. Of the 101 Smooth Collies 8.9 % showed signs of CRH, whereas 36.9 % of Rough Collies were affected with CRH, 2.8 % with CRH and coloboma and 0.38 % with coloboma alone. Choroidal hypoplasia was present in 13.1 %, CRH and coloboma in 1.8 % and coloboma alone in 0.2 % of the Shetland Sheepdogs. Only one Australian Shepherd dog had CRH, while 0.7 % of the Border Collies were affected with CRH. None of the Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retrievers were affected with CEA. There were no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of CEA between males and females, nor was there any relation between coat colors. Significant differences could be shown between dogs younger or older than 8 weeks at first examination. CEA was more often diagnosed in dogs younger than 8 weeks within the Rough Collie and Shetland Sheepdog.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Cães/anatomia & histologia , Anormalidades do Olho/veterinária , Animais , Coloboma/epidemiologia , Coloboma/veterinária , Anormalidades do Olho/epidemiologia , Feminino , Incidência , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Caracteres Sexuais , Suíça/epidemiologia
14.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 151(10): 471-8, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19780007

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to valuate the prevalence of nuclear cataract in veal calves and to elucidate a possible impact by mobile phone base stations (MPBS). For this experiment a cohort study was conducted. A follow-up of the geographical location of each dam and its calf from conception through the fetal period up to slaughter was performed. The first trimester of gestation (organogenesis) was particularly emphasized. The activities of selected protective antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase [GPx]) were assessed in aqueous humor of the eye to evaluate the redox status. Of 253 calves, 79 (32 %) had various degrees of nuclear cataract, but only 9 (3.6 %) calves had severe nuclear cataract. Results demonstrate a relation between the location of veals calves with nuclear cataracts in the first trimester of gestation and the strength of antennas. The number of antennas within 100 to 199 meters was associated with oxidative stress and there was an association between oxidative stress and the distance to the nearest MPBS. Oxidative stress was increased in eyes with cataract (OR per kilometer: 0.80, confidence interval 95 % 0.62,0.93). It has not been shown that the antennas actually affected stress. Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics showed an accuracy of 100 % in negative cases with low radiation, and only 11.11 % accuracy in positive cases with high radiation. This reflects, that there are a lot of other possibilities for nuclear cataract beside MPBS. Further studies on the influence of electromagnetic fields during embryonic development animal or person at risk are indicated.


Assuntos
Catarata/veterinária , Doenças dos Bovinos/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/etiologia , Campos Eletromagnéticos/efeitos adversos , Análise de Variância , Animais , Catarata/epidemiologia , Catarata/etiologia , Bovinos , Telefone Celular , Feminino , Masculino , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Prevalência , Análise de Regressão , Suíça/epidemiologia
15.
Eur J Med Res ; 13(6): 299-303, 2008 Jun 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18558557

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: S-100B is a calcium binding acute phase protein and a potential biomarker for brain injury. In prior studies elevated plasma S-100B levels were detected in stroke and severe head trauma. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether S-100 B is elevated during cerebral radiotherapy and whether that is associated with adverse outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this prospective pilot study, 45 patients (25 males, 20 females, median age 58 (17-81)) underwent cerebral radiation therapy because of a primary or metastaic cerebral malignancy. 39 patients were included in the evaluation. 6 patients died during the study period. S-100 plasma concentrations were measured with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on admission and weekly during radiation therapy for the duration of 6 weeks. In 10 healthy young volunteers (5 males, 5 females, median age 32 (28-36)) S-100 B plasma levels were measured weekly for 6 weeks as a negative control. Furthermore, in an active control 10 patients (4 males, 6 females, median age 68 (64-76)) with stroke (7 = major stroke, 3 = lacunar infarct) S- 100 B plasma levels were measured for 7 consecutive days after the event. RESULTS: During radiotherapy S-100 B plasma concentrations increased from median baseline values of 0.030 microg/l to 0.044 microg/l. For the time of radiation therapy most patients showed a mild increase, but absolute plasma values were still within the normal range. In the control group of healthy volunteers S-100 B remained unchanged. In stroke patients S-100 B increased to maximum values of 1.7 microg/l three days after the event. In the 3 patients with lacunar infarcts no increase of S-100 B levels could be detected. CONCLUSION: Brain irradiation leads to a mild increase of S-100 B plasma levels. However, the absolute rise was far weaker compared to that seen in major brain injuries.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Fatores de Crescimento Neural/biossíntese , Proteínas S100/biossíntese , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Radiografia , Radioterapia/métodos , Subunidade beta da Proteína Ligante de Cálcio S100
16.
Equine Vet J ; 40(7): 662-5, 2008 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18487097

RESUMO

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Only few drugs with limited efficacy are available for topical treatment of equine glaucoma. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of topical administration of 1% brinzolamide on intraocular pressure (IOP) in clinically normal horses. METHODS: Healthy mature horses (n = 20) with normal ocular findings, were studied. The IOP was measured 5 times daily (07.00, 11.00, 15.00, 19.00 and 23.00 h) over 10 days. On Days 1 and 2, baseline values were established. On Days 3-5 one eye of each horse was treated with one drop of 1% brinzolamide every 24 h immediately following the 07.00 h measurement. On Days 6-8 the same eye was treated with 1% brinzolamide every 12 h (07.00 and 19.00 h). Measurements on Days 9 and 10 documented the return of IOP to baseline values. Statistical analysis of the data was performed. RESULTS: In the treated eye a significant decrease in IOP compared to baseline values was noted during both the 24 and 12 h dosing periods (P < 0.001). During the once-daily treatment protocol an IOP reduction of 3.1 +/- 13 mmHg (14%) from baseline was recorded. During the twice-daily protocol a total IOP reduction of 5.0 +/- 1.5 mmHg (21%) was achieved. CONCLUSION: Intraocular pressure was significantly decreased by 1% brinzolamide in a once-daily and a twice-daily treatment protocol in normotensive eyes. These findings suggest that brinzolamide might also be effective in horses with an elevated IOP. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: This drug may be useful for treatment of equine glaucoma.


Assuntos
Inibidores da Anidrase Carbônica/administração & dosagem , Pressão Intraocular/efeitos dos fármacos , Soluções Oftálmicas/administração & dosagem , Sulfonamidas/administração & dosagem , Tiazinas/administração & dosagem , Administração Tópica , Animais , Inibidores da Anidrase Carbônica/efeitos adversos , Inibidores da Anidrase Carbônica/farmacologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação/veterinária , Feminino , Glaucoma/tratamento farmacológico , Glaucoma/veterinária , Doenças dos Cavalos/tratamento farmacológico , Cavalos , Masculino , Soluções Oftálmicas/efeitos adversos , Valores de Referência , Sulfonamidas/efeitos adversos , Sulfonamidas/farmacologia , Tiazinas/efeitos adversos , Tiazinas/farmacologia
17.
Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd ; 150(7): 359-62, 2008 Jul.
Artigo em Alemão | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18714940

RESUMO

This case report describes the findings in a 10-year-old goat with metastasis of an adenocarcinoma in the iris. Two weeks before admission, the owner had noticed blepharospasm of the left eye. Clinical examination by the referring veterinarian revealed unilateral intraocular hemorrhage. The goat was referred to our clinic for further work-up. The rectal temperature was 40 degrees C. The most important haematological result was severe thrombocytopenia. There was mild corneal oedema of the left eye. Approximately 75 per cent of the anterior chamber was filled with non-coagulated blood. The fluid in the anterior chamber dorsal to the blood was cloudy, and the corpora nigra could not be seen clearly. All other internal parts of the eye could not be seen. Ultrasonography of the left eye confirmed cloudiness of the anterior chamber and revealed moderate thickening of the iris. The right prescapular lymph node was markedly enlarged. Cytological examination of a fine needle aspirate of the lymph node showed a mixed population of neoplastic cells. Based on immunohistochemical evaluation of the cells metastasis of a carcinoma was diagnosed. The goat was subjected to euthanasia, and a postmortem examination was carried out. The anterior chamber of the left eye contained blood, and the iris was thicker than normal and adhered to the posterior surface of the cornea. There were neoplastic alterations in the iris, the oesophagus, the lung lobes, the liver, the kidney and in the prescapular, retropharyngeal, mediastinal and hepatic lymph nodes. Histologically, a diagnosis of carcinoma was confirmed, but the origin of the tumour could not be determined.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/veterinária , Hemorragia Ocular/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Íris/veterinária , Adenocarcinoma/complicações , Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/secundário , Animais , Hemorragia Ocular/etiologia , Evolução Fatal , Feminino , Doenças das Cabras/etiologia , Doenças das Cabras/patologia , Cabras , Neoplasias da Íris/complicações , Neoplasias da Íris/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Íris/secundário , Trombocitopenia/etiologia , Trombocitopenia/veterinária
18.
J Crit Care ; 47: 198-203, 2018 10.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30015290

RESUMO

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is an emerging and life-threatening infectious disease in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Most diagnostic studies are conducted in hematological patients and results cannot readily be transferred to ICU patients lacking classical host factors. In a multicenter, prospective clinical trial including 44 ICU patients, hematological (n = 14) and non-hematological patients (n = 30), concurrent serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were analyzed by conventional culture, galactomannan (GM), 1-3-beta-D-glucan (BDG) as well as an Aspergillus specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nine patients (20%) had putative IPA according to AspICU classification. GM and PCR showed superior performance in BAL with sensitivity/specificity of 56%/94% and 44%/94% compared to 33%/97% and 11%/94% in serum. Despite better sensitivity of 89%, BDG showed poor specificity of only 31% (BAL) and 26% (serum). Combination of GM and PCR (BAL) with BDG (serum) resulted in 100% sensitivity, but also reduced specificity to 23%. Whereas mean GM levels were significantly higher in hematological patients BDG and PCR did not differ between hematological and non-hematological patients. Under present clinical conditions test combinations integrating both BAL and blood samples are advantageous. BDG might best serve as possible indicator for ruling out IPA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01695499. First posted: September 28, 2012, last update posted: May 8, 2017.


Assuntos
Aspergillus/isolamento & purificação , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/microbiologia , Estado Terminal , Aspergilose Pulmonar Invasiva/microbiologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Testes Diagnósticos de Rotina , Galactose/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Masculino , Mananas/análise , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Projetos Piloto , Estudos Prospectivos , Adulto Jovem , beta-Glucanas/análise
20.
Nat Biotechnol ; 17(10): 984-8, 1999 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10504699

RESUMO

Molecules that selectively target and occlude new blood vessels would be useful for diagnosis and treatment of pathologies associated with angiogenesis. We show that a phage-derived human antibody fragment (L19) with high affinity for the ED-B domain of fibronectin, a marker of angiogenesis, selectively localizes to newly formed blood vessels in a rabbit model of ocular angiogenesis. The L19 antibody, chemically coupled to a photosensitizer and irradiated with red light, mediates complete and selective occlusion of ocular neovasculature and promotes apoptosis of the corresponding endothelial cells. These results demonstrate that new ocular blood vessels can be distinguished immunochemically from preexisting ones and suggest that the targeted delivery of photosensitizers may be effective in treating angiogenesis-related pathologies.


Assuntos
Olho/irrigação sanguínea , Fragmentos de Imunoglobulinas/imunologia , Fotocoagulação , Neovascularização Patológica/radioterapia , Animais , Bacteriófagos/genética , Olho/metabolismo , Humanos , Fragmentos de Imunoglobulinas/genética , Imuno-Histoquímica , Coelhos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia
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