RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections commonly cause hospital-acquired infections. The study aimed to compare the outcomes of CRKP infections between patients receiving ceftazidime avibactam +/- aztreonam and polymyxins in a hospital setting with a high prevalence of New Delhi Metallo Beta Lactamase production. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from January 2020 to September 2022 in critically ill adult patients admitted to a non-COVID-19 medical intensive care unit with CRKP infection. The patients were followed up for a total of 30 days or death, whichever was later. RESULTS: Of a total of 106 patients included in the study, 65 patients received polymyxins and 41 patients received ceftazidime-avibactam +/- aztreonam. Higher 30-day mortality was noted in the polymyxin group (56.9% vs. 29.2%, P = 0.005). The mean time to event (mortality) in ceftazidime-avibactam +/- aztreonam was 23.9 + 1.5 days which was significantly higher compared to polymyxins (17.9 + 1.2 days, p = 0.006). On Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for the covariates, the hazard ratio for time to event with the use of polymyxin was 2.02 (95% CI: 1.03-3.9). CONCLUSION: Ceftazidime-avibactam + aztreonam is possibly associated with better clinical outcomes in patients infected with CRKP.
Assuntos
Compostos Azabicíclicos , Infecção Hospitalar , Infecções por Klebsiella , Adulto , Humanos , Ceftazidima/uso terapêutico , Aztreonam/uso terapêutico , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Klebsiella pneumoniae , Polimixinas/uso terapêutico , Infecção Hospitalar/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Combinação de Medicamentos , beta-Lactamases , Carbapenêmicos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Infecções por Klebsiella/tratamento farmacológicoRESUMO
With limited and often toxic treatment options, carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections are associated with significant mortality. Cefepime-zidebactam is a promising antibiotic option undergoing a phase 3 trial that has activity against diverse antibiotic-resistant mechanisms in Gram-negative pathogens due to its ß-lactam enhancer mechanism, mediating multiple PBP binding. We report a case of disseminated infection caused by a New Delhi metallo-ß-lactamase-producing, extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate in a patient with acute T-cell leukemia, successfully managed with cefepime-zidebactam as a salvage therapy.