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1.
BMC Plant Biol ; 24(1): 287, 2024 Apr 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38627664

RESUMO

Salinity stress ranks among the most prevalent stress globally, contributing to soil deterioration. Its negative impacts on crop productivity stem from mechanisms such as osmotic stress, ion toxicity, and oxidative stress, all of which impede plant growth and yield. The effect of cobalt with proline on mitigating salinity impact in radish plants is still unclear. That's why the current study was conducted with aim to explore the impact of different levels of Co and proline on radish cultivated in salt affected soils. There were four levels of cobalt, i.e., (0, 10, 15 and 20 mg/L) applied as CoSO4 and two levels of proline (0 and 0.25 mM), which were applied as foliar. The treatments were applied in a complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Results showed that 20 CoSO4 with proline showed improvement in shoot length (∼ 20%), root length (∼ 23%), plant dry weight (∼ 19%), and plant fresh weight (∼ 41%) compared to control. The significant increase in chlorophyll, physiological and biochemical attributes of radish plants compared to the control confirms the efficacy of 20 CoSO4 in conjunction with 10 mg/L proline for mitigating salinity stress. In conclusion, application of cobalt with proline can help to alleviate salinity stress in radish plants. However, multiple location experiments with various levels of cobalt and proline still needs in-depth investigations to validate the current findings.


Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Raphanus , Prolina , Cobalto/farmacologia , Estresse Salino , Salinidade
2.
BMC Plant Biol ; 24(1): 35, 2024 Jan 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38185637

RESUMO

Salinity stress is a prominent environmental factor that presents obstacles to the growth and development of plants. When the soil contains high salt concentrations, the roots face difficulties in absorbing water, resulting in water deficits within the plant tissues. Consequently, plants may experience inhibited growth, decreased development, and a decline in biomass accumulation. The use of nanoparticles has become a popular amendment in recent times for the alleviation of salinity stress. The study investigated the biological approach for the preparation of Se nanoparticles (NP) and their effect on the growth of wheat plants under saline conditions. The leaf extract of lemon (Citrus limon L.) was used for the green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs). The synthesized NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and were applied foliar in the range of 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.1% on wheat plants. Results showed that 0.1% SeNP alone exhibited a significantly higher yield per plant, biomass per plant, 1000 grains weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll over the SS (salt stress) control. A significant decline in MDA and H2O2 also validated the effectiveness of 0.1% SeNP over the SS control.


Assuntos
Citrus , Nanopartículas , Selênio , Triticum , Clorofila A , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Estresse Salino , Água
3.
BMC Plant Biol ; 24(1): 660, 2024 Jul 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38987664

RESUMO

Arsenic (As) contamination is a major environmental pollutant that adversely affects plant physiological processes and can hinder nutrients and water availability. Such conditions ultimately resulted in stunted growth, low yield, and poor plant health. Using rhizobacteria and composted biochar (ECB) can effectively overcome this problem. Rhizobacteria have the potential to enhance plant growth by promoting nutrient uptake, producing growth hormones, and suppressing diseases. Composted biochar can enhance plant growth by improving aeration, water retention, and nutrient cycling. Its porous structure supports beneficial microorganisms, increasing nutrient uptake and resilience to stressors, ultimately boosting yields while sequestering carbon. Therefore, the current study was conducted to investigate the combined effect of previously isolated Bacillus faecalis (B. faecalis) and ECB as amendments on maize cultivated under different As levels (0, 300, 600 mg As/kg soil). Four treatments (control, 0.5% composted biochar (0.5ECB), B. faecalis, and 0.5ECB + B. faecalis) were applied in four replications following a completely randomized design. Results showed that the 0.5ECB + B. faecalis treatment led to a significant rise in maize plant height (~ 99%), shoot length (~ 55%), root length (~ 82%), shoot fresh (~ 87%), and shoot dry weight (~ 96%), root fresh (~ 97%), and dry weight (~ 91%) over the control under 600As stress. There was a notable increase in maize chlorophyll a (~ 99%), chlorophyll b (~ 81%), total chlorophyll (~ 94%), and shoot N, P, and K concentration compared to control under As stress, also showing the potential of 0.5ECB + B. faecalis treatment. Consequently, the findings suggest that applying 0.5ECB + B. faecalis is a strategy for alleviating As stress in maize plants.


Assuntos
Arsênio , Carvão Vegetal , Zea mays , Zea mays/efeitos dos fármacos , Zea mays/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Zea mays/microbiologia , Arsênio/toxicidade , Bacillus/fisiologia , Poluentes do Solo/toxicidade , Clorofila/metabolismo
4.
Environ Sci Technol ; 58(19): 8464-8479, 2024 May 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38701232

RESUMO

Microplastics threaten soil ecosystems, strongly influencing carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) contents. Interactions between microplastic properties and climatic and edaphic factors are poorly understood. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the interactive effects of microplastic properties (type, shape, size, and content), native soil properties (texture, pH, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) and climatic factors (precipitation and temperature) on C and N contents in soil. We found that low-density polyethylene reduced total nitrogen (TN) content, whereas biodegradable polylactic acid led to a decrease in soil organic carbon (SOC). Microplastic fragments especially depleted TN, reducing aggregate stability, increasing N-mineralization and leaching, and consequently increasing the soil C/N ratio. Microplastic size affected outcomes; those <200 µm reduced both TN and SOC contents. Mineralization-induced nutrient losses were greatest at microplastic contents between 1 and 2.5% of soil weight. Sandy soils suffered the highest microplastic contamination-induced nutrient depletion. Alkaline soils showed the greatest SOC depletion, suggesting high SOC degradability. In low-DOC soils, microplastic contamination caused 2-fold greater TN depletion than in soils with high DOC. Sites with high precipitation and temperature had greatest decrease in TN and SOC contents. In conclusion, there are complex interactions determining microplastic impacts on soil health. Microplastic contamination always risks soil C and N depletion, but the severity depends on microplastic characteristics, native soil properties, and climatic conditions, with potential exacerbation by greenhouse emission-induced climate change.


Assuntos
Carbono , Clima , Microplásticos , Nitrogênio , Solo , Nitrogênio/análise , Solo/química , Carbono/análise , Poluentes do Solo/análise
5.
Environ Res ; : 119352, 2024 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38876416

RESUMO

Renewable energy research is burgeoning with the anticipation of finding neat liquid fuel. Ultra sonification assisted biodiesel was derived from red algae Cyanidioschyzon merolae, with BD yield of 98.9%. The results of GC MS of the prepared biodiesel showed higher concentration of methyl palmitate, methyl oleate, and stearate. This composition is appreciable, as this plays significant in desirable pour & cloud point properties. NMR spectrum revealed the ester linkages, presence of olefins, and α methyl position in olefins. Mixture of 30wt% of biodiesel in diesel exhibited work efficiency at low pour point and, lower viscosity of biodiesel was observed. CeO2 and Fe2O3 nano particles were bio reduced, and were added as nano additive in biodiesel. 1:1 ratio of CeO2 and Fe2O3 added to biodiesel maximised the oxygen storage capacity of CeO2, and improved the combustion reactions of Fe2O3. Further, this combination produced a satisfactory Calorific value. Imbalanced ratios disrupted the catalytic and oxygen storage effects, reduced the overall energy release and calorific value of the biodiesel blend. Pour point and cetane number value of A/F/C-1 was around -7 oC and 53 respectively, and was better than other compositions. 1:1 mass ratio of NPS blended with 30wt% BD in diesel showed tremendous increase in BTE, torque, and power. HC, NOX, and SOX emissions were reduced by 42.8%, 19.3%, and 57% respectively. CeO2 favourably improved the oxygen storage capacity of the fuel, whereas Fe2O3 showed decrease in formation of gums and sediments in biodiesel.

6.
Environ Res ; 252(Pt 1): 118454, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38387488

RESUMO

The oncogenic and genetic properties of anthracene, a member of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) family, pose a significant health threat to humans. This study aims to investigate the photocatalytic decomposition of anthracene under various conditions, such as different concentrations of PAHs, varying amounts of NiO (nickel oxide) nanoparticles, and different pH levels under ultraviolet light and sunlight. The synthesized NiO nanoparticles showed surface plasma resonance at 230 and 360 nm, while XRD and SEM analysis confirmed the nanoparticles were cubic crystalline in structure with sizes ranging between 37 and 126 nm. NiO nanoparticles exhibited 79% degradation of pyrene at 2 µg/mL of anthracene within 60 min of treatment. NiO at 10 µg/mL concentration showed significant adsorption of 57%, while the adsorption method worked efficiently (72%) at 5 pH. Photocatalytic degradation was confirmed by isotherm and kinetic studies through monolayer adsorption and pseudo-first-order kinetics. Further, the absorption process was confirmed by performing GC-MS analysis of the NiO nanoparticles. On the other hand, NiO nanoparticles showed antimicrobial activity against Gram negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, the present work is one of its kind proving the dual application of NiO nanoparticles, which makes them suitable candidates for bioremediation by treating PAHs and killing pathogenic bacteria.


Assuntos
Níquel , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Níquel/química , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Catálise , Fotólise , Raios Ultravioleta , Nanopartículas/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Antracenos/química , Adsorção
7.
Int J Biometeorol ; 68(2): 279-288, 2024 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38047943

RESUMO

To assess the impact of supplementing betaine (BT) under heat stress (HS) conditions on broiler performance and intestinal health from 21 to 42 days of age, a total of 150 male Ross 308 broilers were indiscriminately allotted to 3 treatments with 10 replications of 5 birds each. The control (CON) group was given a basal ration and accommodated at a thermoneutral condition (22 ± 1 °C), whereas the HS and HS + BT groups were raised under cyclic HS (33 ± 1 °C for 8 h and 22 ± 1 °C for 16 h per day) and received the basal ration without or with 1000 mg/kg BT, respectively. The HS reduced average daily gain (ADG); average daily feed intake; villus height (VH); VH to crypt depth (CD) ratio (VCR); activities of trypsin, lipase, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase; and enumeration of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium (P < 0.05) and augmented feed conversion ratio (FCR), CD, malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and enumeration of Escherichia coli, Clostridium, and coliforms (P < 0.05). Conversely, BT supplementation heightened ADG, VH, VCR, trypsin activity, GPX activity, and populations of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium (P < 0.05) and lowered FCR, MDA accumulation, and Clostridium population (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the FCR value, trypsin and GPX activities, MDA content, and Bifidobacterium and Clostridium populations in the HS + BT group were nearly equivalent to those in the CON group. To conclude, feeding BT under HS conditions could improve broiler performance through improving intestinal health by specifically mitigating oxidative damage and enhancing the colonization of beneficial bacteria.


Assuntos
Betaína , Microbiota , Animais , Masculino , Betaína/farmacologia , Galinhas/metabolismo , Tripsina , Antioxidantes , Resposta ao Choque Térmico , Estresse Oxidativo , Ração Animal/análise , Suplementos Nutricionais , Dieta/veterinária
8.
Molecules ; 29(13)2024 Jun 28.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38999050

RESUMO

Recently, nanoparticles have received considerable attention owing to their efficiency in overcoming the limitations of traditional chemotherapeutic drugs. In our study, we synthesized a vanillic acid nanocomposite using both chitosan and silver nanoparticles, tested its efficacy against lung cancer cells, and analyzed its antimicrobial effects. We used several characterization techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to determine the stability, morphological characteristics, and properties of the biosynthesized vanillic acid nanocomposites. Furthermore, the vanillic acid nanocomposites were tested for their antimicrobial effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The data showed that the nanocomposite effectively inhibited microbes, but its efficacy was less than that of the individual silver and chitosan nanoparticles. Moreover, the vanillic acid nanocomposite exhibited anticancer effects by increasing the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (BAX, Casp3, Casp7, cyt C, and p53) and decreasing the gene expression of Bcl-2. Overall, vanillic acid nanocomposites possess promising potential against microbes, exhibit anticancer effects, and can be effectively used for treating diseases such as cancers and infectious diseases.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Antineoplásicos , Nanocompostos , Ácido Vanílico , Ácido Vanílico/química , Ácido Vanílico/farmacologia , Nanocompostos/química , Humanos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/síntese química , Prata/química , Prata/farmacologia , Quitosana/química , Quitosana/farmacologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Candida albicans/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral
9.
Environ Monit Assess ; 196(5): 446, 2024 Apr 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38607495

RESUMO

The present study reveals toxic metals, proximate composition, and growth conditions in seven fish species, aiding their nutritional importance and conditions. The samples of seven different small indigenous fish species, including Xenentodon cancila, Glossogobious giuris, Pseudambassis ranga, Puntius dorsolis, Mystus vittatus, Dawkinsia filamentosa, and Dawkinsia tambraparaniei, were collected in river Gadananathi, Tamilnadu, India. A total 14 fish samples were analyzed for lead, cadmium, and copper using atomic absorption spectrometry. The standard procedures were used to determine the length-weight and proximate composition of the seven fishes. The findings revealed that the seven fish species had variable amounts of metal buildup. Cu levels were highest in D. tambraparniei gills and lowest in M. vittatus gills and livers; nonetheless, substantial amounts of Cu were found in P. dorsalis livers. In the length-weight correlations of the regression parameters of coefficient value r2, the "a" and "b" values revealed a positive allometric growth rate in all fish species except G. giuris and M. vittatus. However, X. cancila had the highest composition in the proximate analysis, while D. tambraparniei and D. filamentosa had the highest protein content mean value at a significant level (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, discrepancies in nutritional content might be related to species, environmental circumstances, fish age and size, and food availability.


Assuntos
Peixes-Gato , Cobre , Animais , Índia , Rios , Monitoramento Ambiental , Intoxicação por Metais Pesados
10.
IUBMB Life ; 75(2): 149-160, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36262053

RESUMO

The Akt signaling pathway is an oncogenic cascade activated in the bone marrow microenvironment of multiple myeloma (MM) cells and contributes to their uncontrolled proliferation. Abrogation of Akt signaling has been presented as one of the prime therapeutic targets in the treatment of MM. In the present report, we have investigated the effect of Brucein D (BD) on Akt-driven signaling events in MM cells. BD (300 nM) substantially inhibited cell viability and imparted growth-inhibitory effects in U266 cells as evidenced by cell viability assays and flow cytometric analysis. Effect of BD on cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Apoptotic cells and cell cycle arrest by BD were analyzed by flow cytometer. The results of the TUNEL assay and western blotting showed that BD induces apoptosis of MM cells by activating caspase-8 and 9 with subsequent reduction in the expression of antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, survivin, cyclin D1, COX-2, VEGF, MMP-9). Analysis of activated kinases by Phospho-Kinase Array Kit revealed that Akt, p70S6K, HSP60, p53, and WNK1 were strongly expressed in untreated cells and BD treatment reversed this effect. Using transfection experiments, AKT depletion led to a decrease in phosphorylation of Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, and WNK. However, Akt overexpression led to increase in phosphorylation of these proteins. Depletion of Akt potentiated the apoptosis-inducing effect of BD whereas overexpression displayed resistance to BD-induced apoptosis suggesting the role of Akt in chemoresistance. Taken together, BD mitigates Akt-dependent signaling pathways in MM cells to impart its anticancer activity.


Assuntos
Mieloma Múltiplo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt , Humanos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 70-kDa/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 70-kDa/farmacologia , Proteínas Quinases S6 Ribossômicas 70-kDa/uso terapêutico , Mieloma Múltiplo/tratamento farmacológico , Mieloma Múltiplo/genética , Proliferação de Células , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Transdução de Sinais , Apoptose , Microambiente Tumoral
11.
Environ Res ; 216(Pt 2): 114620, 2023 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36273595

RESUMO

Immensely expanding world population and narrowing arable land for agriculture is a mighty concern faced by the planet at present. One of the major reasons for decline in arable lands is the increased soil salinity, making it unfavourable for crop cultivation. Utilisation of these saline land for agriculture is possible with suitable invention for improving the soil quality. Biofertizers manufactured out of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria is one such innovation. In the present study, Bacillus licheniformis NJ04 strain was isolated and studied for its halotolerance and other effective plant growth promoting traits. The NJ04 strain was able to tolerate salt up to 10% and highlighted remarkable antifungal activity against common fungal phytopathogens. The preliminary seed germination test in Solanum lycopersicum seeds revealed a significant increase in root length (16.29 ± 0.91 cm) and shoot length (9.66 ± 0.11 cm) of treated plants as compared with the control plants and thereby shows its possible use as a green bioinoculant in agriculture and an ideal candidate to compete with salt stress.


Assuntos
Bacillus licheniformis , Solanum lycopersicum , Solo , Microbiologia do Solo , Desenvolvimento Vegetal , Raízes de Plantas
12.
Environ Res ; 223: 115421, 2023 04 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36773634

RESUMO

The Silk sericin protein was conjugated with magnesium oxide (MgO) nanoparticles to form SS-MgO-NPs . UV, XRD, FTIR, SEM, DLS, and EDX were used to confirm the formation of SS-MgO-NPs. The absorption band of SS-MgO-NPs using UV-visible spectra was observed at 310 nm, with an average size of the nanoparticles was 65-88 nm analyzed from DLS. The presence of alcohol, CN, and CC, alkanes, alkenes, and cis alkenes, in silk sericin, is confirmed by FT-IR and may act as a stabilizing agent. Later SS-MgO-NPs were evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-biofilm, ,anti-aging, and anticancer properties. The SS-MgO-NPs inhibited the formation of biofilm of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus. The blood compatibility of SS-MgO-NPs, delaying coagulation was observed using human, blood, and goat blood samples. The SS-MgO-NPs exhibited significant anticancer activity on MCF-7 (IC50 207.6 µg/mL) cancer cell lines. Correspondingly, SS-MgO-NPs demonstrated dose-dependent inhibition of the enzymes in the following order collagenase > elastase > tyrosinase > hyaluronidase, with IC50 values of 75.3, 85.3, 133.6, and 156.3 µgmL-1, respectively. This exhibits the compoundposses anti-aging properties. So, in in vitro settings, SS-MgO-NPs can be used as an antibacterial, anti-aging, and anticancer agent. Additionally, in vivo research is necessary to validate its therapeutic applications.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas Metálicas , Nanopartículas , Sericinas , Humanos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Óxido de Magnésio/farmacologia , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Biofilmes
13.
Environ Res ; 221: 115283, 2023 03 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36639016

RESUMO

The present study describes the isolation and characterization of Bacillus tropicus LS27 capable of keratinolytic protease production from Russell Market, Shivajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, with its diverse application. The ability of this strain to hydrolyze chicken feathers and skim milk was used to assess its keratinolytic and proteolytic properties. The strain identification was done using biochemical and molecular characterization using the 16S rRNA sequencing method. Further a sequential and systematic optimization of the factors affecting the keratinase production was done by initially sorting out the most influential factors (NaCl concentration, pH, inoculum level and incubation period in this study) through one factor at a time approach followed by central composite design based response surface methodology to enhance the keratinase production. Under optimized levels of NaCl (0.55 g/L), pH (7.35), inoculum level (5%) and incubation period (84 h), the keratinase production was enhanced from 41.62 U/mL to 401.67 ± 9.23 U/mL (9.65 fold increase) that corresponds to a feather degradation of 32.67 ± 1.36% was achieved. With regard to the cost effectiveness of application studies, the crude enzyme extracted from the optimized medium was tested for its potential dehairing, destaining and metal recovery properties. Complete dehairing was achieved within 48 h of treatment with crude enzyme without any visible damage to the collagen layer of goat skin. In destaining studies, combination of crude enzyme and detergent solution [1 mL detergent solution (5 mg/mL) and 1 mL crude enzyme] was found to be most effective in removing blood stains from cotton cloth. Silver recovery from used X-ray films was achieved within 6 min of treatment with crude enzyme maintained at 40 °C.


Assuntos
Detergentes , Cloreto de Sódio , Animais , Detergentes/análise , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Cloreto de Sódio/análise , Índia , Peptídeo Hidrolases/química , Peptídeo Hidrolases/genética , Metais/análise , Plumas , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Temperatura , Galinhas/genética
14.
Environ Res ; 216(Pt 3): 114734, 2023 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36343715

RESUMO

This research was performed to evaluate the nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) fabricating potential of orange fruit waste (OFW) aqueous extract. Moreover characterize the synthesized OFW-NiONPs through standard techniques such as UV-vis. spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analyses. Furthermore, the antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of OFW-NiONPs were studied against most common microbial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Aspergillus niger) and free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), H2O2, OH, and FRAP). A sharp absorbance peak was obtained at 324 nm under UV-vis spectrum analysis that confirmed that the synthesis of OFW-NiONPs and it has been capped and stabilized by numbers of active functional groups studied through FTIR analysis. SEM and DLS analyses revealed that the cubic and triangle shaped OFW-NiONPs with the size intensity distribution was ranging from 21 nm to 130 nm. Interestingly, the OFW-NiONPs showed remarkable antimicrobial activity against the common microbial pathogens in the order of E. coli > A. niger > K. pneumoniae > B. subtilis > S. aureus at increased concentration of 200 µg mL-1. Similarly, the synthesized OFW-NiONPs also possess significant free radicals scavenging activity against DPPH, OH, and FRAP. These results conclude that this OFW-NiONPs can be considered for some biomedical applications after the investigations of some in-vivo research.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/análise , Staphylococcus aureus , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Escherichia coli , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Frutas/química , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/análise , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia
15.
Environ Res ; 216(Pt 3): 114714, 2023 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36334834

RESUMO

The nanoparticles based drug delivery and treatment related research has been increased significantly in the recent years. Hence, the antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activity potential of pre synthesized and characterized Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were investigated in this study through respective standard protocols. Interestingly, the obtained results revealed that TiO2 NPs have concentration dependent antibacterial activity against bacterial pathogens such as E. coli, P.mirabilis, V. cholerae, P. aeruginosa, S. typhimurium, and S. aureus at 100 µg mL-1 concentration. Furthermore, these TiO2 NPs showed remarkable antifungal activity against aspergillosis causing fungal pathogens such as A. niger, A. fumigatus, A. nidulans, and A. flavus at 100 µg mL-1 concentration. α-glucosidase. This TiO2 NPs also effectively inhibit the α-amylase (17%) and α-Glucosidase (37%) enzyme activity at 100 µg mL-1 dosage. The DPPH assay revealed that TiO2 NPs effectively scavenge DPPH free radicals by up to 89% at 100 µg mL-1 concentration, which was comparable to butylated hydroxytoluene (96%). These results suggest that the plant-based TiO2 NPs have remarkable in-vitro antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activity. These may be considered for additional in-vitro and in-vivo experiments to assess their potential biomedical applications.


Assuntos
Coleus , Nanopartículas Metálicas , Nanopartículas , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/química , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Hipoglicemiantes , alfa-Glucosidases , Titânio/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Nanopartículas/química , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Nanopartículas Metálicas/toxicidade , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química
16.
Environ Res ; 216(Pt 1): 114455, 2023 01 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36202242

RESUMO

The biosynthesis of AgNPs using a methanolic extract of Naringi crenulata is described in this study. UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analyzer (PSA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the synthesized AgNPs. The UV-visible spectrum revealed a sharp peak at 420 nm, which represents silver's strong Plasmon resonance. FTIR and XRD confirmed the functional groups (N-H stretch, alkanes, O-H stretch, carboxylic acid, N-H bend, C-X fluoride, and C-N stretch) and face-centered cubic crystalline structure of synthesized AgNPs. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that the synthesized nanoparticles had a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 32.75 nm. The synthesized AgNPs have antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant bacteria pathogens such as Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. AgNPs can be synthesized using a methanolic extract of Naringi crenulate, and the resulting particle may have wide range of biological applications.


Assuntos
Nanopartículas Metálicas , Prata , Prata/farmacologia , Prata/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Escherichia coli , Difração de Raios X
17.
Environ Res ; 231(Pt 2): 116078, 2023 08 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37182832

RESUMO

Nannochloropsis microalgae biochar has become increasingly attractive due to its potential as a component of microalgae-based biodiesel blends. This biochar is a by-product of the pyrolysis process, but its use in the energy sector has been limited. In this study, pellets were formed using microalgae residues and their physiochemical properties were analyzed to assess the feasibility of using microalgae biochar as a fuel source. Three types of biomasses, namely date seed dust, coconut shell waste, and microalgae biochar, were utilized to produce fuel pellets. These pellets were categorized into three types, B1, B2, and B3, based on the composition of the biomass. The inclusion of microalgae biochar in the pellets resulted in enhanced calorific value, as well as improved heating value and bulk density. Moreover, the mechanical strength of microalgae-based pellets was higher due to their high lignin content compared to another biomass. The moisture absorption test results showed that the use of mixed biomass reduced the moisture content over an extended period. Microalgae pellets exhibited higher young's modulus and greater impact resistance, indicating greater mechanical strength. Furthermore, due to their higher calorific value, the combustion time of microalgae pellets was greater than that of other biomass. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that microalgae biochar can be a promising alternative fuel source for the energy sector.


Assuntos
Microalgas , Biomassa , Pirólise , Micro-Ondas
18.
Environ Res ; 231(Pt 2): 116209, 2023 08 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37217129

RESUMO

Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, also renowned as the silver leaf whitefly, is among the most damaging polyphagous insect pests in many commercially important crops and commodities. A set of field experiments were conducted for three consecutive years i.e., 2018-2020, to investigate the role of variations in rainfall, temperature, and relative humidity on the abundance of B. tabaci in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench). In the first experiment, the variety Arka Anamika was cultivated twice a year to analyse the incidence of B. tabaci concerning the prevailing weather factors and the overall pooled incidence recorded during the dry and wet season was 1.34 ± 0.51 to 20.03 ± 1.42 and 2.26 ± 1.08 to 18.3 ± 1.96, respectively. Similarly, it was observed that the highest number of B. tabaci catch (19.51 ± 1.64 whiteflies/3 leaves) was recorded in morning hours between 08:31 to 09:30 a.m. The Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (YVMD) is a devastating disease of okra caused by begomovirus, for which B. tabaci acts as a vector. In another experiment, screening was conducted to check the relative susceptibility of three different varieties viz., ArkaAnamika, PusaSawani, and ParbhaniKranti against B. tabaci (incidence) and YVMD ((Percent Disease Incidence (PDI), Disease Severity Index (DSI), and Area Under the Disease Progress Curve (AUDPC)). The recorded data was normalized by standard transformation and subjected to ANOVA for population dynamics and PDI. Pearson's rank correlation matrix and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) have been used to relate the influences of various weather conditions on distribution and abundance. SPSS and R software were used to create the regression model for predicting the population of B. tabaci. Late sown PusaSawani evolved as a highly susceptible variety in terms of B. tabaci (24.83 ± 6.79 adults/3leaves; mean ± SE; N = 10) as well as YVMD i.e., PDI (38.00 ± 4.95 infected plants/50plants), DSI (71.6-96.4% at 30 DAS) and AUDPC (mean ß-value = 0.76; R2 = 0.96) while early sown Parbhani Kranti least susceptible to both. However, the variety ArkaAnamika was observed as moderately susceptible to B. tabaci and its resultant disease. Moreover, environmental factors were predominantly responsible for regulating the population of insect pests in the field and hence its productivity like rainfall and relative humidity were negative while the temperature was positively correlated with B. tabaci (incidence) and YVMD (AUDPC). The findings are helpful for the farmers to choose need-based IPM strategies than timing-based, which would fit perfectly with the present agro-ecosystems in all ways.


Assuntos
Abelmoschus , Hemípteros , Animais , Hemípteros/fisiologia , Incidência , Ecossistema , Tempo (Meteorologia)
19.
Environ Res ; 232: 116300, 2023 Sep 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37268207

RESUMO

Microalgae is one the promising source of energy for the production of biofuel and other value-added products to replace the existing conventional fossil fuels. However, low lipid content and poor cell harvesting are the key challenges. Based on the growth conditions the lipid productivity will be affected. The current study examines the mixtures of both wastewater and NaCl on the microalgae growth was studied. The microalgae used for conducting the tests were Chlorella vulgaris microalgae. Mixtures of the wastewater was prepared under the different concentrations of the seawater, classified as S0%, S20%, and S40%. The growth of microalgae was studied in the presence of these mixtures, and the addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles was included to stimulate the growth. The results showed that increasing the salinity in the wastewater resulted in decreased biomass production, but significantly increased lipid content compared to S0%. The highest lipid content was recorded at S40%N with 21.2%. The Highest lipid productivity was also witnessed for S40% with 45.6 mg/Ld. The cell diameter was also found to increase with increasing salinity content in the wastewater. The addition of Fe2O3 nanoparticles in the seawater was found to enhance the productivity of the microalgae extensively, resulting in 9.2% and 6.15% increased lipid content and lipid productivity respectively compared to conventional cases. However, the inclusion of the nanoparticles slightly increased the zeta potential of microalgal colloids, with no noticeable effects on the cell diameter or bio-oil yields. Based on these findings, Chlorella vulgaris was identified as a suitable candidate for treating wastewater with high salinity exposure.


Assuntos
Chlorella vulgaris , Microalgas , Nanopartículas , Lipídeos , Águas Residuárias , Água do Mar , Biocombustíveis , Biomassa
20.
Environ Res ; 231(Pt 1): 116096, 2023 Aug 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37172679

RESUMO

The goal of this study was to extract saponins from the tuberous root of Decalepis hamiltonii and assess their potential clinical applications, which included antioxidant, antibacterial, antithrombotic, and anticancer properties. Surprisingly, the results of this study revealed that the extracted saponins have excellent antioxidant activities, as demonstrated by 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and Nitric oxide (NO) scavenging assays. Nonetheless, at a concentration of 100 g/mL, crude saponin had excellent antibacterial activity, particularly against gramme positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Micrococcus luteus), followed by gramme negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumonia). Despite this, the crude saponin had no effect on Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The crude saponin also possesses outstanding in vitro antithrombotic activity on blood clot. Interestingly, the crude saponins have an outstanding anticancer activity of 89.26%, with an IC50 value of 58.41 µg/mL. Overall, the findings conclude that crude saponin derived from D. hamiltonii tuberous root could be used in pharmaceutical formulations.


Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Saponinas , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Saponinas/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/farmacologia
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