Low-Intensity Resistance Training Improves Flow-Mediated Dilation in Young Hispanic Adults.

ABSTRACT: Briceño-Torres, JM, Carpio-Rivera, E, Solera-Herrera, A, Forsse, J, Grandjean, PW, and Moncada-Jiménez, J. Low-intensity resistance training improves flow-mediated dilation in young hispanic adults. J Strength Cond Res 37(2): 298-304, 2023-The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 2 resistance exercise training (RET) intensities on brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) in sedentary males. Thirty-four men (age = 20.6 ± 1.8 years, height = 171.3 ± 5.2 cm, body mass = 65.2 ± 10.6 kg, and DXA fat mass = 22.3 ± 7.4%) were randomly assigned to a control group (no exercise CTRL, n = 12), RET at 50% of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) (RET50%, n = 12), and RET at 80% 1RM (RET80%, n = 10). The RET program was performed twice per week for 8 weeks; subjects performed the same RET exercises at similar total workloads (1920 arbitrary units [AUs] for the RET80% and 1950 AUs for the RET50%). The FMD% was measured before and after 8 weeks by ultrasound. Mixed factorial analysis of variance (3 groups × 2 measurements), effect size (ES), and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were computed for FMD%. The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. A significant increase ( p = 0.001) was found on post-test FMD% in RET50% (mean = 9.9 ± 3.7%, ES = 1.9, and 95% CIs = 2.8-0.9) compared with CTRL (mean = 5.7 ± 1.7%, ES = 0.2, and 95% CIs = -0.4 to 0.8), and there were no significant differences found between RET50% and RET80% and between RET80% and CTRL. Results support the concept of training specificity and provide preliminary evidence that lower resistance and higher repetition RET elicit greater short-term reduced endothelium dysfunction than higher intensity RET at similar training volume.

Exploring Handgrip Strength as a Cross-cultural Correlate of Body Composition and Upper Body Strength in Older Adults from Costa Rica and Kansas.

Sarcopenia and disability in older adults are often characterized by body composition measurements; however, the gold standard of body composition measurement, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), is expensive to acquire and maintain, making its use in low and middle income countries (LMIC) it out-of-reach in developing nations. Because these LMIC will bear a disproportionate amount of chronic disease burden due to global aging trends, it is important that reliable, low-cost surrogates need to be developed. Handgrip strength (HGS) is a reliable measure of disability in older adults but has not been used widely in diverse populations. This study compared HGS to multiple measurements of body composition in older adults from the US (Kansas) and a middle-income country (Costa Rica) to test if HGS is a cross-culturally appropriate predictive measure that yields reliable estimates across developed and developing nations. Percent body fat (%BF), lean tissue mass index (LTMI), appendicular lean soft tissue index (ALSTI), body fat mass index (BFMI), bone mineral density (BMD), and HGS were measured in older Costa Ricans (n = 78) and Kansans (n = 100). HGS predicted lean arm mass with equal accuracy for both samples (p ≤ 0.05 for all groups), indicating that it is a reliable, low-cost and widely available estimate of upper body lean muscle mass. Older adults from Costa Rica showed different body composition overall and HGS than controls from Kansas. Handgrip operates equivalently in the US and Mesoamerica and is a valid estimate of lean arm muscle mass as derived by the more expensive DEXA.

New clinical and histological patterns of acute disseminated histoplasmosis in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Histoplasmosis has attained increasing relevance in the past 3 decades because of the appearance of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In most immunocompetent persons, the infection is asymptomatic or can produce a respiratory condition with symptoms and radiological images similar to those observed in pulmonary tuberculosis; in non-HIV+ immunocompromised patients, it can cause respiratory symptoms or evolve into a disseminated infection. The same can occur in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. We have observed a series of HIV+ patients with AIDS who presented with cutaneous histoplasmosis and in whom the clinical and histopathological features were highly unusual, including variable mucocutaneous lesions that were difficult to diagnose clinically. These patients displayed unusual, previously undescribed, histological patterns, including lichenoid pattern, nodular pseudomyxoid pattern, pyogenic granuloma-like pattern, perifollicular pattern, and superficial (S), mid (M), and deep perivascular dermatitis; and more commonly encountered patterns, such as histiocytic lobular panniculitis and focal nodular dermatitis. The novel histopathological patterns of cutaneous involvement by histoplasmosis seen in these patients resembled other common inflammatory and infectious conditions and required a high level of suspicion and the application of special stains for organisms for confirmation. These new, clinical, and histological findings do not seem to be commonly encountered in HIV- patients infected with the fungus but seem to be displayed most prominently in HIV+ patients with AIDS.

Subclinical atherosclerosis burden in non-diabetic hypertensives treated in primary care center: the IMTABI study.

BACKGROUND: Identifying patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease in primary prevention is a challenging task. This study aimed at detecting subclinical atherosclerosis burden in non-diabetic hypertensive patients in a primary care centre. METHODS: Clinical, anthropometric and analytical data were collected from patients with hypertension who were free from clinical vascular disease and diabetes. The cardiovascular risk was assessed using the SCORE system. Subclinical atherosclerosis burden was assessed by carotid ultrasonography (intima-medial thickness [IMT] and plaque) and measurement of the ankle-brachial index (ABI). RESULTS: Out of 140 patients, 59 (42%) have carotid plaque, 32 (23%) have IMT higher than 75% and 12 (9%) have an ABI < 0.9. Total atherosclerosis burden was present in 91 (65%) of the subjects. Consequently, 59 (42%) patients were re-classified into the very high-risk category. In multivariate analyses, smoking, creatinine levels and duration of hypertension were associated with atherosclerosis burden. In contrast, only smoking and age were associated with the presence of carotid plaque. Almost 90% of patients were treated with hypotensive drugs, half of them combined several drugs and 60% were well-controlled. Only 30% received statins in monotherapy and only less than 20% had an LDL cholesterol < 100 mg/dL. CONCLUSIONS: In non-diabetic hypertensive patients managed at a primary care centre, 4 out of 10 had subclinical atherosclerosis burden and were re-classified into the very high- risk category. There was clear undertreatment with lipid-lowering drugs of most LDL cholesterol inappropriate levels, according to current clinical guidelines.

Buprenorphine versus dexamethasone as perineural adjuvants in femoral and adductor canal nerve blocks for total knee arthroplasty: a randomized, non-inferiority clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Optimal control of acute postoperative pain and prevention of chronic persistent pain in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remain a challenge. METHODS: A randomized, non-inferiority clinical trial (385 patients) evaluated every hour immediate postoperative pain during 24 h, using a verbal rating 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain (VRS11). All patients received subarachnoid anesthesia and were randomly allocated in four groups: single shots femoral (FNB) or adductor canal blocks (ACB), both with dexamethasone (dex) and buprenorphine (bup). Patients received intravenous analgesia (metamizole magnesium, dexketoprofen) and rescue analgesia when needed: intravenous (paracetamol and morphine) and/or regional (femoral and sciatic nerve blocks). Demographics and adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS: A 45.7% of patients had pain: bupACB 56.3%, bupFNB 50.0%, dexACB 40.6% and dexFNB 36.1% (P=0.022). Rescue analgesia was needed in 37.7% of patients (P=0.128). There were statistical differences in percentage of timepoints without pain (95.0±7.9%, P=0.014) and mean VRS11 (0.18±0.3, P=0.012) but no differences in distribution of intensity periods of pain. There were no significant differences in the need of rescue analgesia excepting the use of intravenous morphine (P=0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Buprenorphine is in the present trial inferior to dexamethasone by less than the established non-inferiority limit when used as perineural adjuvant in femoral nerve or adductor canal blocks in total knee arthroplasty analgesia. So, it could be considered an alternative in patients where dexamethasone is contraindicated, such as diabetics.

Postoperative analgesia for elective total knee arthroplasty under subarachnoid anesthesia with opioids: comparison between epidural, femoral block and adductor canal block techniques (with and without perineural adjuvants). A prospective, randomized, clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Optimal control of acute postoperative pain and prevention of chronic persistent pain in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) remain a challenge. The main hypothesis was that nerve blocks improve postoperative analgesia especially if perineural adjuvants are added. METHODS: Immediate postoperative pain (24 hours) was evaluated every hour in 639 patients using a verbal rating 11-point scale for patient self-reporting of pain (VRS-11). All patients received subarachnoid anesthesia and were randomly allocated in 8 groups: control group, epidural (EA) and single shots femoral (FNB) or adductor canal blocks (ACB), both with and without adjuvants: dexamethasone (+Dexa) or dexmedetomidine (+Dexm). Patients received intravenous analgesia (metamizole magnesium, dexketoprofen) and rescue analgesia when needed, intravenous (paracetamol and morphine) and/or regional (epidural boluses, femoral and sciatic nerve blocks). Demographics, orthopedic knee scores and adverse effects were also recorded. RESULTS: A 45.2% of patients had no immediate postoperative pain (P=0.0001). Rescue analgesia was needed in 48.8% of patients (P=0.0001): control group 72.8% of patients, EA 51.9%, FNB 40.0%, FNB+Dexa 33.3%, BNF+Dexm 41.3%, ACB 51.9%, ACB+Dexa 38.3% and ACB+Dexm 61.5% respectively. There were also differences in the total postoperative time without pain (P=0.0001), with mild (P=0.0001) or moderate pain (P=0.001) but not with severe pain (P=0.119). CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral nerve blocks with perineural dexamethasone improve postoperative analgesia for TKA. The addition of dexamethasone to adductor canal block open new possibilities to improve analgesia for TKA, and should be investigated as an alternative to femoral nerve block.

Predicting Exertion from Metabolic, Physiological and Cognitive Variables in Older Adults / Predicción del esfuerzo con variables metabólicas, fisiológicas y cognitivas en adultos mayores / Predição do esforço com variáveis metabólicas, fisiológicas e congênitas em idosos

Abstract Objective. To determine the association between perceived exertion (RPE) and physiological variables and to determine the predictive factors of RPE during submaximal and maximal exertion in older adults. Method. Older adults from Kansas (n = 100) and Costa Rica (n = 79) performed a submaximal and maximal stress test. RPE, education level and a total score of cognitive function (CFTS) were collected. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were computed using RPE as the criterion variable and oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), CFTS and education level as predictors. Results. There was a significant correlation between VEP and RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029) at maximal exertion. The RPE predictors for women were VO2, RER, and CFTS at different stages of the test. For men, VEP was predicted by RER, education level, and VO2 at different stages. Conclusion. Metabolic and physiological variables predicted RPE in older adults. Age, cognition, and heart rate were unrelated to RPE at maximal exertion, and RER predicted RPE scores during submaximal and maximal exertion.

Resumen Objetivo. Determinar la asociación entre el esfuerzo percibido (VEP) y variables fisiológicas y determinar los factores predictivos de VEP durante el esfuerzo submáximo y máximo en adultos mayores. Método. Adultos mayores de Kansas (n = 100) y Costa Rica (n = 79) realizaron una prueba de esfuerzo submáxima y máxima. Se recopiló la VEP, nivel de educación y una puntuación total de la función cognitiva (PTFC). Se usaron análisis de correlación y regresión múltiple utilizando VEP como variable criterio y el consumo de oxígeno (VO2), tasa de intercambio respiratorio (RER), PTFC y nivel de educación como predictores. Resultados. Se encontró una correlación significativa entre la VEP y la RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029) en el esfuerzo máximo. Los predictores de VEP para las mujeres fueron VO2, RER y PTFC en diferentes etapas de la prueba. Para los hombres, la VEP fue predicha por RER, nivel de educación y VO2 en diferentes etapas. Conclusión. Las variables metabólicas y fisiológicas predijeron los valores de VEP en adultos mayores. La edad, la cognición y la FC no se relacionaron con la VEP en el esfuerzo máximo y la RER predijo las puntuaciones de la VEP durante el esfuerzo submáximo y máximo.

Resumo Escopo. Determinar a associação entre o esforço percebido (VEP) e as variáveis fisiológicas e determinar os fatores preditivos de VEP durante o esforço submáximo e máximo em idosos. Metodologia. Idosos de Kansas (n= 100) e Costa Rica (n= 79) realizaram uma prova de esforço submáxima e máxima. Foi recopilada o VEP, nível de educação e pontuação total da função cognitiva (PTFCO. Foram usadas análises de correlação e regressão múltipla utilizando VEP como variável critério e o consumo de oxigeno (VO2), taxa de intercambio respiratório (RER), PTFC e nível de educação como preditores. Resultados. Foi encontrada uma correlação significativa entre a VEP e a RER (r = 0.22, p = 0.029)) no esforço máximo. Os preditores de VEP para as mulheres foram VO2, RER e PTFC em diferentes etapas da prova. Para os homens, a VEP foi predita por RER, nível de educação e VO2 em diferentes etapas. Conclusão. As variáveis metabólicas e fisiológicas predisseram os valores de VEP em idosos. A idade, a cognição e a FC não estiveram relacionadas com a VEP no esforço máximo e a RER predizia as pontuações da VEP durante o esforço submáximo e máximo.

Dying in the intensive care unit: collaborative multicenter study about forgoing life-sustaining treatment in Argentine pediatric intensive care units.

OBJECTIVE: Describe modes of death and factors involved in decision-making together with life support limitation (LSL) procedures. DESIGN: Prospective, descriptive, longitudinal, and noninterventional study. SETTING: Sixteen pediatric intensive care units in Argentina. PATIENTS: Every patient who died during a 1-yr period was included. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Age, sex, length of stay (LOS), primary and admission diagnosis, underlying chronic disease (CD), postoperative condition (PO). Deaths were classified in four groups: a) failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); b) do-not-resuscitate (DNR) status; c) withholding or withdrawing life-sustaining treatment (WH/WD); and d) brain death (BD). Justifications were classified as a) imminent death; b) poor long-term prognosis; c) poor quality of life; and d) family request. Data were collected from medical records and interviews with the attending physicians. Descriptive statistics were performed. Differences among groups were analyzed through contingency tables and analysis of variance when required. Relative risks and confidence intervals of variables potentially related to LSL were analyzed, and logistic regression was performed. There were 6358 admissions and 457 deaths. CPR was performed in 52%, DNR in 16%, WH/WD in 20%, and BD in 11% of dead patients. BD patients were older, LOS and CD prevalence were higher in the WH/WD group. Inotropic drugs were the most frequently limited treatment in 110 patients (55%), CPR in 72 (35.6%), and mechanical ventilation in 63 (31%). Imminent death was the most frequently reported justification for LSL. CD and more staff were associated with a higher probability of LSL. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the patients in Argentina underwent CPR before their death. We have a high proportion of patients with CD (65%) and low BD diagnosis. PO condition decreased LSL probability in chronically ill patients. Do-not-resuscitate orders and withholding new treatments were the most common LSL. Active withdrawal was exceptional. The Ethics Committee was consulted in 5% of the LSL population.

Structural features of dual-purpose cattle production system in the Colombian humid tropic / Características estructurales del sistema de producción con bovinos doble propósito en el trópico húmedo colombiano / Características estruturais do sistema de produção com gado de dupla aptidão no trópico úmido da Colômbia

Objective: to identify the main biophysical, technological, social, and economic features of dual- purpose cattle system (DPCS) in the low Colombian tropic. Methods: detail surveys were conducted through technical visits to 14 farms at the Piedemonte Llanero region in Meta and Casanare provinces. The information obtained was processed by multi-variance analysis. Results: two main factors accounted for 93.34% of the total variance found in the system: 1) economic-business (EB) capability, and 2) technological capability (TC). A biplot graphic allowed identifying four types of interactions between these factors, as follows: 1) high EB and TC, 2) high EB but low TC, 3) low EB but high TC, and 4) low EB and TC. Conclusions: feeding is the most important constraint for the DPCS having low EB and high TC, while pasture management, genetic, and reproductive variables were the most important factors for the DPCS with high EB and TC.

Objetivo: identificar los principales aspectos biofísicos, tecnológicos, sociales y económicos del sistema de producción con bovinos doble propósito (SPBDP), establecido en condiciones de trópico húmedo en el Piedemonte Llanero colombiano. Métodos: se realizaron encuestas y visitas técnicas a profundidad en catorce explotaciones ganaderas estratégicamente seleccionadas en los Departamentos del Meta y Casanare en Colombia. Resultados: la información obtenida fue procesada mediante análisis multivariado identificando dos factores principales que explicaron el 93.34% de la varianza total del sistema de producción bovina en estudio, los cuales fueron: 1) Capacidad económico-empresarial (CE) y 2) Capacidad tecnológica (CT). Mediante un gráfico bidimensional se observaron cuatro tipos de interacciones de estos dos factores, así: 1) alta CE y CT, 2) alta CE con baja CT, 3) baja CE con alta CT y 4) baja CE y CT. Conclusiones: la alimentación es el aspecto más importante del SPBDP con baja CE, pero con alta CT. Mientras que el manejo de praderas y los aspectos relacionados con la reproducción y la genética son los factores más relevantes del SPBDP con alta CE y alta CT.

Objetivo: se faz uma analise dos principais aspectos biofísicos, tecnológicos, sociais e econômicos de sistemas de produção com gado de dupla aptidão (SPGDA) em condições de tropico úmido, para a região da planície oriental da Colômbia conhecida como Piedemonte Llanero. Métodos: foram feitas visitas técnicas detalhadas em catorze fazendas estrategicamente selecionadas localizadas nos departamentos de Meta e Casanare, na Colômbia. As informações obtidas foram processadas mediante a análise multivariada. Resultados: foram identificados dois fatores principais, explicando 93.34% da variância total, os quais são: 1) Capacidade econômico-empresarial (CE); e 2) Capacidade tecnológica (CT). Tal como se descreve a continuação, a gráfica bidimensional revelou quatro tipos de interação entre esses dois fatores: 1) alta CE com alta CT; 2) alta CE com baixa CT; 3) baixa CE com alta CT e 4) baixa CE com baixa CT. Conclusões: a alimentação é o fator mais importante nos SPGDA com uma baixa CE, mas com alta CT. Igualmente, os fatores mais importantes nos SPGDA com alta CE e alta CT são ter um adequado manejo das pastagens, um ótimo programa de reprodução e um bom planejamento de cruzamentos com animais de alto valor genético.

Genotype-environment interaction in multibreedbovine populations in the Colombian low tropic / Interacción genotipo-ambiente en una población bovina multirracialen el trópico bajo colombiano / Interação genótipo ambiente em populações bovinas multiraciaisno trópico baixo colombiano

With the aim o f quantifying the genotype-environment interaction (GEI) and the phenotypic stabilityin multibreed bovine population of the Colombian Northwest, registries from 16 herds located in threeagroecological regions (E1, E2, E3) from low tropic systems (humid subtropic forest, humid tropic forest anddry tropic forest, were collected from 1995 to 2007. Weight at 12-mo (W12), weight at 18-mo (W18), and weightat 24-mo (W24), were evaluated with 1806, 1455, and 1197 data, 14, 11, and 10 genetic groups respectively;animals of the breeds and crossbred between Angus (A), Blanco Orejinegro (B), Zebu (Z), Holstein (H),Romosinuano (R), and Senepoll (S) were used. In a mixed model, the fixed effects of contemporary group(year-season-sex) and the age covariate were used, which showed a significant effect (p<0.001) on the threetraits. Random effects were region, genetic group (breed or crosses), and GEI, but the last one (GEI) showedsignificant effect (p<0.05) for this last one. The Shukla’s variance in Bayesian methodology was used forthe phenotypic stability analysis. The results indicated that the groups with high proportion of Zebu wereassociated with E2 and groups with greater levels of Romosinuano were associated with E3. Holstein andBlanco Orejinegro tended to give greater phenotypic stability than the groups that used these breeds.

Con el objetivo de cuantificar la interacción genotipo-ambiente (IGA) y la estabilidad fenotípica en unapoblación bovina multirracial del noreste colombiano, se usaron registros de 16 rebaños localizados en tresregiones agroecológicas del trópico bajo: bosque húmedo subtropical (R1), bosque húmedo tropical (R2)y bosque seco tropical (R3), entre los años 1995 y 2007. Los pesos fueron evaluados a los 12 (P12), 18(P18) y 24 meses (P24), con 1806, 1455 y 1197 datos, y 14, 11 y 10 grupos genéticos, respectivamente.Fueron usados animales puros y cruzados entre las razas Angus (A), Blanco Orejinegro (B), Cebú (C),Holstein (H), Romosinuano (R) y Senepol (S). Se utilizó un modelo mixto, en el que los efectos fijos de grupocontemporáneo y la edad presentaron efecto significativo (p<0.001) sobre las tres características. Los efectosaleatorios fueron región, grupo genético (raza o cruce) e IGA, la que presentó efecto significativo (p<0.05).Para el análisis de estabilidad fenotípica se utilizó la varianza de Shukla mediante metodología bayesiana.Los resultados indican que los grupos genéticos con altas proporciones de Cebú fueron asociados con R2 ylos grupos genéticos con altos niveles de Romosinuano fueron asociados con R3. Las razas Holstein y BlancoOrejinegro tendieron a dar mayor estabilidad fenotípica a los grupos donde estas razas fueron usadas.

Com o propósito de quantificar a interação genótipo ambiente (IGA) e estabilidade fenotípica empopulações bovinas multiraciais no trópico baixo colombiano foram utilizados registros desde 1995 até2007 de 16 fazendas localizadas em três regiões agroecológicas: bosque subtropical úmido (E1) bosquetropical úmido (E2) e bosque tropical seco (E3). Foram avaliadas o peso aos 12, 18 e 24 meses, com1806, 1455 e 1197 registros, respectivamente de 10 grupos genéticos das raças Angus, Blanco Orejinegro,Zebu, Holandês, Romosinuano e Senepol. O Modelo mixto utilizado incluiu os efeitos fixos de grupocontemporâneo (ano, época e sexo) e a idade como covariavel, os quais foram significativos (p<0.001)nas três características. Foram considerados os efeitos aleatórios de regiao, grupo genético e a interação(GEI), onde este último foi significativo. A analise de estabilidade fenotípica foi realizada utilizandoa variância de Shukla por metodologia Bayesiana. Os resultados indicaram que os grupos com maiorproporção de Zebu foram associados com E2 e os grupos com maior proporção de Romosinuano foramassociados com E3. Os animais que tinham composição racial de Holandês e Blanco Orejinegro tiverammaior estabilidade fenotípica que os outros grupos raciais.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and parkinsonism-dementia complex of Guam: changing incidence rates during the past 60 years.

In the 1950s, the incidence of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, or Lytico) and parkinsonism-dementia complex (PDC, or Bodig) on the island of Guam was much higher than anywhere else in the world. From the late 1960s to the early 1980s, the incidence of both disorders has decreased. The objective of the present study was to ascertain whether the decreasing incidence continued until the end of the century (1999). The average annual incidence of ALS and PDC was calculated for each 5-year period from 1940 to 1999, utilizing registration records of all ALS and PDC cases on Guam during that period. The results of this study confirmed that the incidence of ALS declined steadily during the past 40 years. The incidence of PDC also declined until the late 1980s but, unlike ALS, showed a slight increase from 1980 to 1999. The rapid decrease in incidence is not likely to be due to genetic factors. Instead, it is most likely to be the results of radical socioeconomic, ethnographic, and ecologic changes brought about by the rapid westernization of Guam.

Biorremediación de efluentes con cromo (VI) proveniente de plantas metalmecánicas

La biorremediacion puede definirse como la tecnología que utiliza agentes biológicos, principalemtne microorganismos,para remover contaminantes tóxicos desde el ambiente o para prevenir la contaminación por medio del tratamiento de desechos. El objetivo del trabajo consistió en aislar una bacteria resistente a partir de un efluente de una industria metalmecánica y estudiar su aplicación en la detoxificación de aguas residuales contaminadas con Cr (VI), como alternativa del tratamiento fisicoquímico

Biorremediación de efluentes con cromo (VI) proveniente de plantas metalmecánicas

La biorremediacion puede definirse como la tecnología que utiliza agentes biológicos, principalemtne microorganismos,para remover contaminantes tóxicos desde el ambiente o para prevenir la contaminación por medio del tratamiento de desechos. El objetivo del trabajo consistió en aislar una bacteria resistente a partir de un efluente de una industria metalmecánica y estudiar su aplicación en la detoxificación de aguas residuales contaminadas con Cr (VI), como alternativa del tratamiento fisicoquímico

El buceo a pulmón: compromiso cardiovascular de este método de captura / Skin driving: cardiovascular ipairment from this method of catch

Se estudia en su medio de trabajo y parte en el Laboratorio de Fisiología, un total de 47 trabajadores del Combinado Pesquero de Casilda que capturan langosta por medio de buceo a pulmón. La captura fue realizada a una profundidad de 7,3 ñ 1,8 m, se empleó un tiempo de inmersión de 20,6 ñ 7,6 s. Observamos un total de 76,4 ñ 47,6 inmersiones por hombre en el día. Al finalizar la inmersión se constató un valor de la frecuencia cardíaca de 121 ñ 10,7 lat/min, lo que representó un incremento de 44,7 ñ 11,2 lat/min en relación con los valores observados durante el reposo. Antes de comenzar el trabajo se midió la tensión arterial y se encontró en el 53

de los casos valores superiores en la tensión arterial sistólica, diastólica o en ambas de la cifra de 139/89 mm de Hg. A un grupo de 10 trabajadores se le realizó en el laboratorio pruebas ergométricas, y de apnea con la cara sumergida en agua, en esta última se observó un incremento de 40/18 mm Hg en relación con los valores de reposo. Sobre la base de estos resultados se recomienda especial estudio de la tensión arterial para los sujetos que se inician en estas labores

El buceo a pulmón: compromiso cardiovascular de este método de captura / Skin driving: cardiovascular impairment from this method of catch

Se estudia en su medio de trabajo y parte en el Laboratorio de Fisiología, un total de 47 trabajadores del Combinado Pesquero de Casilda que capturan langosta por medio de buceo a pulmón. La captura fue realizada a una profundidad de 7,3 ñ 1,8 m, se empleó un tiempo de inmersión de 20,6 ñ 7,6 s. Observamos un total de 76,4 ñ 47,6 inmersiones por hombre en el día. Al finalizar la inmersión se constató un valor de la frecuencia cardíaca de 121 ñ 10,7 lat/min, lo que representó un incremento de 44,7 ñ 11,2 lat/min en relación con los valores observados durante el reposo. Antes de comenzar el trabajo se midió la tensión arterial y se encontró en el 53 % de los casos valores superiores en la tensión arterial sistólica, diastólica o en ambas de la cifra de 139/89 mm de Hg. A un grupo de 10 trabajadores se le realizó en el laboratorio pruebas ergométricas, y de apnea con la cara sumergida en agua, en esta última se observó un incremento de 40/18 mm Hg en relación con los valores de reposo. Sobre la base de estos resultados se recomienda especial estudio de la tensión arterial para los sujetos que se inician en estas labores

Fisiología en macheteros de alta productividad / Physiologic in top cane-cutters

A la brigada millonaria de macheteros de alta productividad "Armando Mestre" se le realizó un estudio integral que estuvo compartimentado en 2 etapas de trabajo. La primera consistió en la evaluación de la capacidad física de los trabajadores y la segunda en un estudio de sus compromisos fisiológicos en la propia actividad de corte. La productividad y la eficiencia de trabajo fueron relacionados con los parámetros que determinan la capacidad física del machetero. La actividad de corte fue clasificada de muy pesada desde el punto de vista energético y cardiovascular, aunque el requerimiento físico frente a la misma se realiza dentro de un rango de seguridad fisiológica