RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: The majority of renal cell carcinomas are now incidentally detected as small renal masses in asymptomatic patients due to the widespread use of ultrasound and new improved noninvasive abdominal imaging modalities. Nephron-sparing surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with small renal masses in presence of normal contralateral kidney or in presence of an anatomic or functional solitary kidney. We reviewed retrospectively our experience in open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. METHODS: The records for all patients who underwent nephron-sparing surgery for a renal mass since 1995 at British Hospital of Buenos Aires and Hospital Aleman and since 2000 at Hospital Universitario Austral were reviewed. The most relevant data of 246 patients were collected, with special focus on demographic data, operative details, pathology results, complications and outcome in cancer control. RESULTS: We have performed 254 nephron-sparing surgeries. Open partial nephrectomy was performed in 220 procedures and the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy since 2001 in 34 patients. The indication was elective or relative in 236 patients with 8 patients with bilateral tumors and 18 tumors in a solitary kidney. The pedicle was clamped in 168 procedures with hypothermia in 43 patients. Mean ischemia time was 24.7 minutes. Average tumor size was 3.49 cm. The pathologic findings demonstrate a carcinoma in 193 cases and benign lesions in 61 patients (24%). One patient presented a positive surgical margin in the pathologic examination, but subsequent nephrectomy was negative for residual tumor. One patient presented a pseudo-tumoral mass on follow-up on CT scan and MRI, but nephrectomy was negative for residual tumor. There were postoperative complications in 20 patients (7.9 %). Oncologic follow up was available in 84% of the patients for an average of 46.6 months showing progression with metastasis in 8 patients. Local recurrence was observed in 4 patients (2%). One patient developed a tumor in the contralateral kidney 20 months after partial nephrectomy and another one 10 years later. The cancer specific survival and overall survival rates were 98 % and 95% respectively. In the last year the laparoscopic approach duplicated the indications of all previous years. CONCLUSIONS: Open partial nephrectomy is considered nowadays the gold standard treatment of small renal masses, and in our experience it is a safe and effective technique of treatment of these tumors. The evolution of the technology and the acquirement of laparoscopic skills allow us in selected cases to duplicate the open approach in a laparoscopic way, obtaining similar results.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Renais/cirurgia , Laparoscopia , Nefrectomia/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Néfrons , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
OBJETIVOS: La mayoría de los tumores de riñón se detectan actualmente como una masa renalpequeña en pacientes asintomáticos, por el uso generalizado de la ecografía y otras modalidades no invasivas de exploración abdominal. La cirugía conservadorade riñón de estas masas renales pequeñas es el tratamiento de elección, tanto en pacientes con el riñón contralateral sano como en aquellos pacientes que presentanalgún grado de deterioro en la función renal o son monorrenos funcionales o anatómicos. Revisamos retrospectivamente nuestra experiencia en cirugía conservadorade riñón en masas tumorales, a cielo abierto y por la vía laparoscópica.MÉTODO: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de aquellos pacientes a los cuales se diagnosticó una masa ocupanterenal y se los trató con cirugía conservadora renal en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires y Hospital Alemán desde el año 1995 y el Hospital Universitario Austral desde el año 2000. Se tabularon todos los datos de interés de 246 pacientes, se analizaron las técnicas empleadas,complicaciones y resultados y se compararon con otras series de referencia.RESULTADOS: Se realizaron 254 cirugías conservadorasde riñón. La cirugía a cielo abierto fue realizada en 220 casos y la nefrectomía parcial laparoscópica desde el año 2001 en 34 pacientes. La indicación fue electiva o relativa en 236 pacientes, 8 pacientes presentaron tumores bilaterales y hubo 18 cirugías en pacientes monorrenos. El clampeo del pedículo se realizóen 168 procedimientos, con hibernación en 43 pacientes con un tiempo promedio de 24,7 minutos...(AU)
OBJECTIVES: The majority of renal cell carcinomas are now incidentally detected as small renal masses in asymptomatic patients due to the widespread use of ultrasound and new improved noninvasive abdominal imaging modalities. Nephron-sparing surgery is the treatment of choice for patients with small renal masses in presence of normal contralateral kidney or in presence of an anatomic or functional solitary kidney. We reviewed retrospectively our experience in open and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.METHODS: The records for all patients who underwent nephron-sparing surgery for a renal mass since 1995 at British Hospital of Buenos Aires and Hospital Aleman and since 2000 at Hospital Universitario Austral were reviewed. The most relevant data of 246 patients were collected, with special focus on demographic data, operative details, pathology results, complications and outcome in cancer control.RESULTS: We have performed 254 nephron-sparing surgeries. Open partial nephrectomy was performed in 220 procedures and the laparoscopic partial nephrectomy since 2001 in 34 patients. The indication was elective or relative in 236 patients with 8 patients with bilateral tumors and 18 tumors in a solitary kidney. The pedicle was clamped in 168 procedures with hypothermia in 43 patients. Mean ischemia time was 24.7 minutes. Average tumor size was 3.49 cm...(AU)