RESUMO
Data from several cohorts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) suggest that the most common comorbidities for severe COVID-19 disease are the elderly, high blood pressure, and diabetes; however, it is not currently known whether the previous use of certain drugs help or hinder recovery. This study aims to explore the association of previous hospitalisation use of medication on the mortality of COVID-19 disease. A retrospective case-control from two hospitals in Madrid, Spain, included all patients aged 18 years or above hospitalised with a diagnosis of COVID-19. A Propensity Score matching (PSM) analysis was performed. Confounding variables were considered to be age, sex, and the number of comorbidities. Finally, 3712 patients were included. Of these, 687 (18.5%) patients died (cases). The 22,446 medicine trademarks used previous to admission were classified according to the ATC, obtaining 689 final drugs; all of them were included in PSM analysis. Eleven drugs displayed a reduction in mortality: azithromycin, bemiparine, budesonide-formoterol fumarate, cefuroxime, colchicine, enoxaparin, ipratropium bromide, loratadine, mepyramine theophylline acetate, oral rehydration salts, and salbutamol sulphate. Eight final drugs displayed an increase in mortality: acetylsalicylic acid, digoxin, folic acid, mirtazapine, linagliptin, enalapril, atorvastatin, and allopurinol. Medication associated with survival (anticoagulants, antihistamines, azithromycin, bronchodilators, cefuroxime, colchicine, and inhaled corticosteroids) may be candidates for future clinical trials. Drugs associated with mortality show an interaction with the underlying conditions.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The reduction of unnecessary health interventions determines good care quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the compliance of the "do not do" recommendations proposed by the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Hygiene. METHODS: Prospective, observational, descriptive study of patients admitted to the La Princesa University Hospital between December 2018 and January 2019. The compliance of each recommendation in different patients was analyzed. The quantitative variables are expressed as means and standard deviation and the qualitative values as percentages and confidence interval. RESULTS: In Recommendation 1 (R1: "Do not remove hair systematically"), 231 interventions were studied and the compliance was of 100% (95% CI: 98.27-100). In Recommendation 2 (R2: "Do not maintain antibiotics for more than 48 hours, unless evidence of infection"), 201 interventions were studied and the compliance was of 93.53% (95% CI: 90.09-96.91). In Recommendation 3 (R3: "Do not analyze C. difficile toxin in asymptomatic patients"), 200 determinations were studied and the compliance was of 93.5% (95% CI: 90.08-96.92). In Recommendation 4 (R4: "Do not do routine nasal decolonization"), 167 interventions were recruited and the compliance was of 100% (95% CI: 97.6-100). In Recommendation 5 (R5: "Do not perform routine replacement of peripheral venous catheter every 72-96 hours"), 153 patients were studied in compliance with the recommendation of 98.04% (95% CI: 94.12-99.35). CONCLUSIONS: A 100% compliance was found in Recommendations 1 and 4. There is an opportunity of improvement in the recommendations R2, R3 and R5.
OBJETIVO: La reducción de las intervenciones sanitarias innecesarias, bien porque no han demostrado su eficacia, bien porque poseen efectividad dudosa o no son eficientes, mejora la calidad de la atención sanitaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones consensuadas por la Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Higiene para el proyecto "No hacer". METODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional y descriptivo de pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Universitario de La Princesa entre diciembre de 2018 y enero de 2019. Se evaluó el cumplimiento de cada recomendación en diferentes pacientes. Se calcularon porcentajes e intervalos de confianza en las variables cualitativas y el las cuantitativas la media y desviación estándar. RESULTADOS: En la Recomendación 1 (R1: "No eliminar el vello de forma sistemática"), se estudiaron 231 intervenciones y el cumplimiento de la recomendación fue del 100% (IC95%: 98,27-100%). En la Recomendación 2 (R2: "No continuar con antibióticos más de 48 horas, a menos que haya evidencia de infección"), se estudiaron 201 intervenciones y el cumplimiento de la recomendación fue del 93,53% (IC95%: 90,09-96,91%). En la Recomendación 3 (R3: "No realizar análisis de toxina C. difficile en pacientes asintomáticos"), se estudiaron 200 determinaciones y el cumplimiento fue del 93,5% (IC95%: 90,08-96,92%). En la Recomendación 4 (R4: "No utilizar descontaminante nasal rutinario"), se reclutaron 167 intervenciones y el cumplimiento fue del 100% (IC95%: 97,6-100%). En la Recomendación 5 (R5: "No reemplazo rutinario de catéter venoso periférico cada 72-96 horas"), se estudiaron 153 pacientes con un cumplimiento de 98,04% (IC95%: 94,12-99,35%). CONCLUSIONES: Se comprueba un cumplimiento del 100% en las Recomendaciones 1 y 4. Hay oportunidad de mejora en las recomendaciones R2, R3 y R5.
Assuntos
Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Medicina Preventiva/normas , Saúde Pública/normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cateterismo Periférico , Clostridioides difficile , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Sociedades , Sociedades Médicas , Espanha/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Nowadays, in the developed countries, a long lifespan is no longer the exception to the rule, however there are still many people who even today do not manage to age with a good quality of life. The objectives of this study are, first of all, to contribute to a better knowledge of the main factors which have an impact on the quality of life and the perceived health condition of those over age 65 and, secondly, to determine what advantages and disadvantages involved in each one of the tools for gauging health and quality of life as compared to the other two tools employed. METHODS: Based on 911 home surveys of non-institutionalized individuals over age 65, a multivariate analysis was made using Logistic regression, relating the results obtained in the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), the EuroQol and the Self Perceived Health Status to the socio-demographic characteristics, the level of economic resources, the degree of social-family support, the physical and mental health condition and the functional capacity. RESULTS: The main factors related to the perception of a poor health condition and a poor quality of life in the EuroQol and the NHP are anxiety disorders (Odds Ratio ranging from 1.8(IC:1.2-2.8) for mobility and 7.9(IC:4.5-13.9) for Profile*11111), depressive disorders (OR:1.8(IC:1.3-2.6) for pain/discomfort-3.3(IC:2.1-5.1) for social isolation), lack of exercise (OR:1.4 (IC:1-2.1) for anxiety/depression -3.9(IC:2.5-6.2) for everyday activities), dependence for basic everyday living activities (OR:0.5(IC:0.3-0.9) for emotional reaction -4.8(IC:3-7.6) for everyday activities) and dependence for the instrumental daily living activities (OR:1.5(IC:1.1-2.1) for Analog Visual Scale c < 70-7.1(IC:2.9-17.2) for personal care). CONCLUSIONS: Mental health and functioning capacity are the factors which have the greatest bearing on the perception of health condition and quality of life of individuals over age 65. Given that the three tools used have led to similar results, the EuroQol has advantages to offer due to its short length, including an overall evaluation by dimensions.
Assuntos
Idoso , Nível de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Atividades Cotidianas , Fatores Etários , Idoso/psicologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ansiedade/diagnóstico , Coleta de Dados , Depressão/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Estado Civil , Saúde Mental , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Fatores Sexuais , Isolamento SocialRESUMO
OBJETIVO: La reducción de las intervenciones sanitarias innecesarias, bien porque no han demostrado su eficacia, bien porque poseen efectividad dudosa o no son eficientes, mejora la calidad de la atención sanitaria. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el grado de cumplimiento de las recomendaciones consensuadas por la Sociedad Española de Medicina Preventiva, Salud Pública e Higiene para el proyecto "No hacer". MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio prospectivo, observacional y descriptivo de pacientes ingresados en el Hospital Universitario de La Princesa entre diciembre de 2018 y enero de 2019. Se evaluó el cumplimiento de cada recomendación en diferentes pacientes. Se calcularon porcentajes e intervalos de confianza en las variables cualitativas y el las cuantitativas la media y desviación estándar. RESULTADOS: En la Recomendación 1 (R1: "No eliminar el vello de forma sistemática"), se estudiaron 231 intervenciones y el cumplimiento de la recomendación fue del 100% (IC95%: 98,27-100%). En la Recomendación 2 (R2: "No continuar con antibióticos más de 48 horas, a menos que haya evidencia de infección"), se estudiaron 201 intervenciones y el cumplimiento de la recomendación fue del 93,53% (IC95%: 90,09-96,91%). En la Recomendación 3 (R3: "No realizar análisis de toxina C. difficile en pacientes asintomáticos"), se estudiaron 200 determinaciones y el cumplimiento fue del 93,5% (IC95%: 90,08-96,92%). En la Recomendación 4 (R4: "No utilizar descontaminante nasal rutinario"), se reclutaron 167 intervenciones y el cumplimiento fue del 100% (IC95%: 97,6-100%). En la Recomendación 5 (R5: "No reemplazo rutinario de catéter venoso periférico cada 72-96 horas"), se estudiaron 153 pacientes con un cumplimiento de 98,04% (IC95%: 94,12-99,35%). CONCLUSIONES: Se comprueba un cumplimiento del 100% en las Recomendaciones 1 y 4. Hay oportunidad de mejora en las recomendaciones R2, R3 y R5
OBJECTIVE: The reduction of unnecessary health interventions determines good care quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the compliance of the "do not do" recommendations proposed by the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Hygiene. METHODS: Prospective, observational, descriptive study of patients admitted to the La Princesa University Hospital between December 2018 and January 2019. The compliance of each recommendation in different patients was analyzed. The quantitative variables are expressed as means and standard deviation and the qualitative values as percentages and confidence interval. RESULTS: In Recommendation 1 (R1: "Do not remove hair systematically"), 231 interventions were studied and the compliance was of 100% (95% CI: 98.27-100). In Recommendation 2 (R2: "Do not maintain antibiotics for more than 48 hours, unless evidence of infection"), 201 interventions were studied and the compliance was of 93.53% (95% CI: 90.09-96.91). In Recommendation 3 (R3: "Do not analyze C. difficile toxin in asymptomatic patients"), 200 determinations were studied and the compliance was of 93.5% (95% CI: 90.08-96.92). In Recommendation 4 (R4: "Do not do routine nasal decolonization"), 167 interventions were recruited and the compliance was of 100% (95% CI: 97.6-100). In Recommendation 5 (R5: "Do not perform routine replacement of peripheral venous catheter every 72-96 hours"), 153 patients were studied in compliance with the recommendation of 98.04% (95% CI: 94.12-99.35). CONCLUSIONS: A 100% compliance was found in Recommendations 1 and 4. There is an opportunity of improvement in the recommendations R2, R3 and R5
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Fidelidade a Diretrizes , Promoção da Saúde/normas , Medicina Preventiva/normas , Saúde Pública/normas , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cateterismo Periférico , Clostridioides difficile , Mucosa Nasal/microbiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à Saúde , Sociedades , Sociedades MédicasRESUMO
Fundamento: Hoy en día, en los países desarrollados, llegar a una edad avanzada ha dejado de ser algo excepcional, sin embargo muchas personas no logran envejecer con una buena calidad de vida. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivos, contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de los principales factores que influyen en la calidad de vida y la percepción de la salud de los mayores de 65 años, así como determinar qué ventajas y desventajas presenta cada uno de los tres instrumentos de medida de la salud y la calidad de vida frente a los otros dos instrumentos utilizados. Métodos: A partir de 911 encuestas a personas mayores de 65 años no institucionalizadas, realizadas a domicilio, se hizo un análisis multivariante mediante regresión logística, poniendo en relación los resultados obtenidos en el Perfil de Salud de Nottingham (PSN), el Euroqol y el EAS con las caracterísiticas sociodemográficas, el nivel de recursos económicos, el grado de apoyo sociofamiliar, el estado de salud física y mental y la capacidad funcional. Resultados: Los principales factores que se asocian con la percepción de un mal estado de salud y mala calidad de vida en el Euroqol y el PSN son los trastornos de ansiedad (Odd Ratios entre 1,8 (IC:1,2-2,8) para movilidad y 7,9 (IC:4,5-13,9) para perfil distinto de 11111), trastornos depresivos (OR:1,8 (IC:1,3-2,6) para dolor/malestar -3,3 (IC:2,1-5,1) para aislamiento social), falta de ejercicio (OR:1,4 (IC:1-2,1) para ansiedad/depresión -3,9 (IC:2,5-6,2) para actividades cotidianas), dependencia para las actividades básicas de la vida diaria (OR:0,5 (IC:0,3-0,9) para reacción emocional -4,8 (IC:3-7,6) para actividades cotidianas) y dependencia para las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria (OR:1,5 (IC:1,1-2,1) para Escala Visual Analógica < 70 - 7,1 (IC:2,9-17,2) para cuidado personal). Conclusiones: La salud mental y la capacidad funcional son los factores que más influyen en la percepción del estado de salud y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Dado que los tres instrumentos utilizados han obtenido resultados semejantes, el Euroqol ofrece ventajas por su brevedad, incluyendo una valoración global y por dimensiones (AU)
Background: Nowadays, in the developed countries, a long lifespan is no longer the exception to the rule, however there are still many people who even today do not manage to age with a good quality of life. The objectives of this study are, first of all, to contribute to a better knowledge of the main factors which have an impact on the quality of life and the perceived health condition of those over age 65 and, secondly, to determine what advantages and disadvantages involved in each one of the tools for gauging health and quality of life as compared to the other two tools employed. Methods: Based on 911 home surveys of non-institutionalized individuals over age 65, a multivariate analysis was made using Logistic regression, relating the results obtained in the Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), the EuroQol and the Self Perceived Health Status to the socio-demographic characteristics, the level of economic resources, the degree of social-family support, the physical and mental health condition and the functional capacity. Results: The main factors related to the perception of a poor health condition and a poor quality of life in the EuroQol and the NHP are anxiety disorders (Odds Ratio ranging from 1.8(IC:1.2-2.8) for mobility and 7.9(IC:4.5-13.9) for Profile*11111), depressive disorders (OR:1.8(IC:1.3-2.6) for pain/discomfort- 3.3(IC:2.1-5.1) for social isolation), lack of exercise (OR:1.4 (IC:1-2.1) for anxiety/depression -3.9(IC:2.5-6.2) for everyday activities), dependence for basic everyday living activities (OR:0.5(IC:0.3-0.9) for emotional reaction - 4.8(IC:3-7.6) for everyday activities) and dependence for the instrumental daily living activities (OR:1.5(IC:1.1-2.1) for Analog Visual Scale c<70 - 7.1(IC:2.9-17.2) for personal care). Conclusions: Mental health and functioning capacity are the factors which have the greatest bearing on the perception of health condition and quality of life of individuals over age 65. Given that the three tools used have led to similar results, the EuroQol has advantages to offer due to its short length, including an overall evaluation by dimensions (AU)
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Nível de Saúde , Fatores Sexuais , Isolamento Social , Modelos Logísticos , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances , Estado Civil , Saúde Mental , Ansiedade , Coleta de Dados , Depressão , Atividades Cotidianas , Fatores EtáriosRESUMO
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