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1.
Chem Biodivers ; 21(5): e202302111, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38453650

RESUMO

Phytochemical studies on 95 % ethanol extract of the heartwood of Solanum verbascifolium L. resulted in the isolation of one new amide derivative (1), and 21 known phenylpropanoids compounds. The structures were characterized by spectral analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometric analysis. The anti-inflammatory activity of amide compounds 1-4 and 6-9 by investigating their impact on the release of nitric oxide (NO) in MH-S cells. Our findings unveiled significant inhibitory effects on NO secretion. Compound 1 exhibited robust dose-dependent suppression, with pronounced inhibition observed at both 20 µM (P<0.01) and 40 µM (P<0.01). Furthermore, compound 9 demonstrated noteworthy inhibitory effects at 40 µM (P<0.01). Similarly, compounds 3 and 4 displayed substantial inhibition of NO secretion at the same concentration, although the significance level was slightly lower (P<0.05). It is expected that there is a substantial association between the anti-inflammatory activities of amides and their targets, specifically PTGS2, by combining network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques. This discovery emphasizes amides' potential as an interesting subject for additional study in the realm of anti-inflammatory medications.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Óxido Nítrico , Solanum , Solanum/química , Óxido Nítrico/antagonistas & inibidores , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Ciclo-Oxigenase 2/metabolismo , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Farmacologia em Rede , Amidas/química , Amidas/farmacologia , Amidas/isolamento & purificação , Camundongos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Linhagem Celular , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/química , Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/isolamento & purificação
2.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(2)2024 Jan 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38255783

RESUMO

Memory traces are believed to be broadly allocated in cerebral cortices and the hippocampus. Mutual synapse innervations among these brain areas are presumably formed in associative memory. In the present study, we have used neuronal tracing by pAAV-carried fluorescent proteins and neuroligin-3 mRNA knockdown by shRNAs to examine the role of neuroligin-3-mediated synapse formation in the interconnection between primary associative memory cells in the sensory cortices and secondary associative memory cells in the hippocampus during the acquisition and memory of associated signals. Our studies show that mutual synapse innervations between the barrel cortex and the hippocampal CA3 region emerge and are upregulated after the memories of associated whisker and odor signals come into view. These synapse interconnections are downregulated by a knockdown of neuroligin-3-mediated synapse linkages. New synapse interconnections and the strengthening of these interconnections appear to endorse the belief in an interaction between the hippocampus and sensory cortices for memory consolidation.


Assuntos
Hipocampo , Neuroliginas , Córtex Cerebral , Região CA3 Hipocampal , Lobo Parietal
3.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(3)2024 Feb 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38339153

RESUMO

Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious inflammatory disease with high morbidity and mortality. Rosavin is an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant phenylpropanoid and glucoside, which is isolated from Rhodiola rosea L. However, its potential molecular mechanisms and whether it has protective effects against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI remain to be elucidated. To assess the in vitro anti-inflammatory effects and anti-lung injury activity of rosavin, RAW264.7 and A549 cells were stimulated using 1 µg/mL LPS. Rosavin attenuated LPS-induced activation of the TLR-4/NF-κB signaling pathway in RAW264.7 cells and inhibited LPS-induced release of inflammatory factors in A549 cells. A mouse model of acute lung injury was constructed by intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg/kg LPS to observe the therapeutic effect of rosavin. Transcriptomics analysis and Western blot assays were utilized to verify the molecular mechanism, rosavin (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg) dose-dependently ameliorated histopathological alterations, reduced the levels of inflammatory factors, and inhibited the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway and apoptosis activation. Rosavin is a promising therapeutic candidate for acute lung injury by inhibiting the TLR-4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway.


Assuntos
Lesão Pulmonar Aguda , Dissacarídeos , Animais , Camundongos , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Lesão Pulmonar Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Dissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Pulmão/patologia , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismo
4.
Chem Biodivers ; 20(11): e202300999, 2023 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37933979

RESUMO

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a valuable and homologous medicine and food traditional Chinese medicine. Currently there are few studies on the anti-inflammatory activity of lipophilic components. The aim of this study was to explore the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of the lipophilic compounds in Dendrobium officinale. Six compounds were isolated and identified, including three bibenzyl compounds, dendrocandin U, dendronbibisline B, erianin, and three lignans, (-)-syringaresinol, (+)-syringaresinol-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside, 5-methoxy-(+)-isolariciresinol. Among them, dendronbibisline B and 5-methoxy-(+)-isolariciresinol were isolated from Dendrobium officinale for the first time. Besides, we found dendrocandin U, dendronbibisline B and (-)-syringaresinol exhibited the anti-inflammation to inhibit nitric oxide secretion induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN-γ) in MH-S cells. Furthermore, dendrocandin U could inhibit the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Cluster of Differentiation 86 (CD86), and reduce inflammatory morphological changes of macrophages. Meanwhile, we confirmed that the anti-inflammation mechanism of dendrocandin U was to inhibit M1 polarization by suppressing toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/recombinant myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway. In this paper, dendrocandin U with significant anti-inflammatory activity was found from Dendrobium officinale, which could provide a basis for the study of its anti-inflammatory drugs.


Assuntos
Dendrobium , NF-kappa B , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Macrófagos Alveolares/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia
5.
Molecules ; 28(8)2023 Apr 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37110864

RESUMO

Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is one of the major components in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., with various pharmacological activities, and is likely to be a promising agent for the treatment of kidney diseases. The purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanisms of SAA on kidney disease. In this study, the improvement effects of SAA (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, i.g.) on kidney injury rats were investigated by detecting the levels of KIM-1, NGAL in serum and UP in the urine of AKI model rats established with gentamicin, as well as the levels of SCr and UREA in serum and IL-6, IL-12, MDA and T-SOD in the kidneys of CKD model rats established with 5/6 nephrectomy. HE and Masson staining were used to observe the histopathological changes in the kidney. Network pharmacology and Western blotting were used to explore the mechanism of SAA in improving kidney injury. The results showed that SAA improved kidney function in kidney injury rats by reducing the kidney index and pathological injury by HE and Masson staining, reducing the levels of KIM-1, NGAL and UP in AKI rats and UREA, SCr and UP in CKD rats, as well as exerting anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects by inhibiting the release of IL-6 and IL-12, reducing MDA and increasing T-SOD. Western blotting results showed that SAA significantly reduced the phosphorylation levels of ERK1/2, p38, JNK and smad2/3, and the expression of TLR-4 and smad7. In conclusion, SAA plays a significant role in improving kidney injury in rats and the mechanism may be achieved by regulating the MAPKs and TGF-ß1/smads signaling pathways.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , Insuficiência Renal Crônica , Ratos , Animais , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/metabolismo , Interleucina-6/metabolismo , Lipocalina-2/metabolismo , Lipocalina-2/farmacologia , Rim/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/patologia , Injúria Renal Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Injúria Renal Aguda/patologia , Interleucina-12/metabolismo , Ureia/farmacologia , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo
6.
Molecules ; 28(12)2023 Jun 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37375271

RESUMO

Four compounds (1, 5, 7, and 8) were first isolated from the genus Belamcanda Adans. nom. conserv., and six known compounds (2-4, 6, 9, and 10) were isolated from the rhizome of Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic data. Herein, compounds 1-10 were rhapontigenin, trans-resveratrol, 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-6,3',5'-trimethoxy-isoflavone, irisflorentin, 6-hydroxybiochannin A, iridin S, pinoresinol, 31-norsysloartanol, isoiridogermanal, and iristectorene B, respectively. All compounds were evaluated for their antiproliferative effects against five tumor cell lines (BT549, 4T1, MCF7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468). Among them, compound 9 (an iridal-type triterpenoid) showed the highest activity against 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cells. Further studies displayed that compound 9 inhibited cell metastasis, induced cells cycle arrest in the G1 phase, exhibited significant mitochondrial damage in 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cells including excess reactive oxygen species, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and induced 4T1 and MDA-MB-468 cell apoptosis for the first time. In summary, these findings demonstrate that compound 9 exerts promising potential for triple-negative breast cancer treatment and deserves further evaluation.


Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Neoplasias da Mama , Gênero Iris , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Pontos de Checagem do Ciclo Celular , Apoptose , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células
7.
Dis Esophagus ; 35(8)2022 Aug 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35291006

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To date, the ideal endoscopic knife for peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) with good performance and cost-effectiveness is still under investigation. The present study was aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of snare-assisted POEM, compared with the conventional endoscopic knife approach. METHODS: From May 2017 to December 2018, patients with achalasia presenting for POEM without previous endoscopic or surgical therapy were prospectively recruited in this randomized controlled trial. Patients were randomly allocated to receive POEM using either the snare (snare group) or HookKnife (conventional group). The primary outcome was clinical success (Eckardt score ≤ 3) at 12-month follow-up, powered for noninferiority with a margin of -15%. The secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), procedure-related parameters, clinical outcomes, and cost-effectiveness. RESULTS: A total of 75 patients with similar baseline characteristics between the snare (N = 37) and conventional (N = 38) groups were included. Clinical success at 12-month follow-up was achieved in 94.6% of patients in the snare group and 92.1% of patients in the conventional group (difference, 2.5% [95% CI, -8.7% to 13.7%]; P < 0.001 for noninferiority). No severe AEs occurred in both groups. The use of snare is associated with comparable procedure time (40.6 minutes vs. 42.5 minutes, P = 0.337), a lower frequency of hemostatic forceps use (27.0% vs. 68.4%, P < 0.001), and lower hospital costs ($4271.1 vs. $5327.3, P < 0.001). The cost-effectiveness plane revealed that 96.9% of snare-assisted POEM procedures offered more cost-savings and health utility benefits. CONCLUSIONS: The snare-assisted POEM was noninferior to the conventional endoscopic knife approach in terms of clinical efficacy, with comparable safety outcomes and cost-effective benefits.


Assuntos
Procedimentos Cirúrgicos do Sistema Digestório , Acalasia Esofágica , Miotomia , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural , Acalasia Esofágica/terapia , Esfíncter Esofágico Inferior/cirurgia , Esofagoscopia/métodos , Humanos , Miotomia/métodos , Cirurgia Endoscópica por Orifício Natural/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Parasitol Res ; 121(6): 1709-1718, 2022 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35416490

RESUMO

Buffaloes, as highly susceptible definitive hosts of Fasciola gigantica, suffer from a high infection rate of fasciolosis, which causes enormous economic losses. Repeat infection is responsible for this high rate; thus, elucidating the protective immunity mechanism in repeat infection is decisive in fasciolosis prevention. Herein, a secondary experimental infection model was established to preliminarily reveal the protective immunity that occurs in repeat infection. In brief, animals were assigned to three groups: group A (uninfected control), group B (primary infection) and group C (secondary infection). Buffaloes were autopsied 20 weeks post-infection for measurements of the recovered flukes and hepatic examination. In addition, the detection of specific antibody (IgG) responses to F. gigantica excretory-secretory product (FgESP) throughout the whole period and weight gain throughout the first 4 months as a percentage (%) of the starting weight were also determined. The serum hepatic enzyme gamma glutathione transferase (GGT) levels were monitored to assess hepatic damage throughout the study period. Infection establishment was compared between group B and group C. Similar specific IgG patterns were observed between group B and group C, and hepatic damage was more severe in group C than group B. Significant differences in weight gain as a percentage of the start weight were observed between group A and group B at the 3rd and 4th months postprimary infection, while significant differences were not observed between group A and group C or group B and group C. Our results suggest that challenge infection cannot induce resistance against F. gigantica in buffaloes, which is consistent with the protective immunity against Fasciola hepatica reinfection observed in sheep and goats.


Assuntos
Bison , Fasciola , Fasciolíase , Doenças dos Ovinos , Animais , Anticorpos Anti-Helmínticos , Búfalos , Fasciolíase/veterinária , Imunoglobulina G , Ovinos , Aumento de Peso
9.
J Asian Nat Prod Res ; 24(11): 1018-1024, 2022 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34842008

RESUMO

Phytochemical investigation on the concentrate of Huangjing wine, resulted in the isolation of three new tyrosol derivatives 4'''-hydroxyphenethyl 2-(R)-hydroxy-3-phenylpropionate (1), 4'''-hydroxyphenethyl(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxyphenyl)propionate (2) and 4''-hydroxyphenethyl ethyl succinate (3), together with 5 known compounds, ferulic acid (4), L-phenyllactic acid (5), hydroxytyrosol (6), dihydroferulic acid (7), cyclo(L-Pro-D-Tyr) (8). Their structures were elucidated using spectroscopic analysis and by comparison with the literature data. All compounds displayed antioxidant effect in the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical. Among them, the new compound 2 exhibited obvious antioxidant effect, and new compounds 1 and 3 exhibited medium antioxidant effect.


Assuntos
Vinho , Vinho/análise , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Estrutura Molecular
10.
Molecules ; 27(20)2022 Oct 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36296715

RESUMO

The clinical application of gentamicin may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), and the nephrotoxicity of gentamicin is related to the pathological mechanism of several oxidative and inflammatory cytokines. Plant-derived essential oils have good anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to clarify the protective effect of Amomum tsao-ko essential oils (AOs) on gentamicin-induced AKI in rats and its possible mechanism. The rat AKI model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin. After 14 days of oral AO treatment, the renal function and pathological changes of the kidney tissues were evaluated, and the level of kidney tissue oxidative stress was detected. The content of inflammatory cytokines was measured by ELISA. The expression of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38, NF-κB, caspase-3, and Bax/Bcl-2 proteins were estimated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that taking AO reduced the contents of serum urea and creatinine in AKI rats and improve the pathological changes and oxidative stress of the kidney tissue in rats. At the same time, AO reduced inflammation and apoptosis during AKI by regulating the MAPK pathway. The data show that AO has a protective effect on the kidneys and may be a potential drug for treating kidney injury.


Assuntos
Injúria Renal Aguda , Amomum , Óleos Voláteis , Ratos , Animais , Gentamicinas/efeitos adversos , Caspase 3/metabolismo , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , NF-kappa B/metabolismo , Creatinina , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/metabolismo , Óleos Voláteis/uso terapêutico , Injúria Renal Aguda/induzido quimicamente , Injúria Renal Aguda/tratamento farmacológico , Injúria Renal Aguda/patologia , Apoptose , Inflamação/metabolismo , Rim , Transdução de Sinais , Estresse Oxidativo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-bcl-2/metabolismo , Citocinas/metabolismo , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Ureia/farmacologia
11.
J Biol Chem ; 295(20): 6831-6848, 2020 05 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32209659

RESUMO

Major depression is a prevalent affective disorder characterized by recurrent low mood. It presumably results from stress-induced deteriorations of molecular networks and synaptic functions in brain reward circuits of genetically-susceptible individuals through epigenetic processes. Epigenetic regulator microRNA-15b inhibits neuronal progenitor proliferation and is up-regulated in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice that demonstrate depression-like behavior, indicating the contribution of microRNA-15 to major depression. Using a mouse model of major depression induced by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), here we examined the effects of microRNA-15b on synapses and synaptic proteins in the nucleus accumbens of these mice. The application of a microRNA-15b antagomir into the nucleus accumbens significantly reduced the incidence of CUMS-induced depression and reversed the attenuations of excitatory synapse and syntaxin-binding protein 3 (STXBP3A)/vesicle-associated protein 1 (VAMP1) expression. In contrast, the injection of a microRNA-15b analog into the nucleus accumbens induced depression-like behavior as well as attenuated excitatory synapses and STXBP3A/VAMP1 expression similar to the down-regulation of these processes induced by the CUMS. We conclude that microRNA-15b-5p may play a critical role in chronic stress-induced depression by decreasing synaptic proteins, innervations, and activities in the nucleus accumbens. We propose that the treatment of anti-microRNA-15b-5p may convert stress-induced depression into resilience.


Assuntos
Depressão/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , Proteínas Munc18/biossíntese , Núcleo Accumbens/metabolismo , Sinapses/metabolismo , Proteína 1 Associada à Membrana da Vesícula/biossíntese , Animais , Depressão/genética , Depressão/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Transgênicos , MicroRNAs/genética , Proteínas Munc18/genética , Núcleo Accumbens/patologia , Sinapses/genética , Sinapses/patologia , Proteína 1 Associada à Membrana da Vesícula/genética
12.
Opt Express ; 29(2): 2135-2141, 2021 Jan 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33726414

RESUMO

We propose a zoom liquid lens employing a multifocal Fresnel zone plate. The proposed lens has two optical surfaces: liquid-liquid interface and Fresnel zone plate. The Fresnel zone plate is designed to have a multifocal point and an increased depth of focus. Therefore, the proposed lens has two obvious advantages. Due to increased depth of focus, the proposed lens can realize zooming using only one tunable liquid-liquid interface, which is not available for conventional liquid lens. Thus, it is possible to remove conventional zooming mechanisms from cameras. Besides, the focal length tuning range is also increased, and a lens system based on the proposed lens can simultaneously collect two images with different magnifications. We present the design, fabrication and characterization of the proposed lens. The shortest positive and negative focal length are ∼17.5mm and ∼-34.5mm and the diameter is 5mm. The zoom ratio of the proposed lens reaches ∼1.48×. Our results confirm that the proposed lens has widespread applications in imaging system.

13.
Theor Appl Genet ; 134(10): 3225-3236, 2021 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34132847

RESUMO

KEY MESSAGE: Decisive role of reduced vrs1 transcript abundance in six-rowed spike of barley carrying vrs1.a4 was genetically proved and its potential causes were preliminarily analyzed. Six-rowed spike 1 (vrs1) is the major determinant of the six-rowed spike phenotype of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Alleles of Vrs1 have been extensively investigated. Allele vrs1.a4 in six-rowed barley is unique in that it has the same coding sequence as Vrs1.b4 in two-rowed barley. The determinant of row-type in vrs1.a4 carriers has not been experimentally identified. Here, we identified Vrs1.b4 in two-rowed accessions and vrs1.a4 in six-rowed accessions from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau at high frequency. Genetic analyses revealed a single nuclear gene accounting for row-type alteration in these accessions. Physical mapping identified a 0.08-cM (~ 554-kb) target interval on chromosome 2H, wherein Vrs1 was the most likely candidate gene. Further analysis of Vrs1 expression in offspring of the mapping populations or different Vrs1.b4 and vrs1.a4 lines confirmed that downregulated expression of vrs1.a4 causes six-rowed spike. Regulatory sequence analysis found a single 'TA' dinucleotide deletion in vrs1.a4 carriers within a 'TA' tandem-repeat-enriched region ~ 1 kb upstream of the coding region. DNA methylation levels did not correspond to the expression difference and therefore did not affect Vrs1 expression. More evidence is needed to verify the causal link between the 'TA' deletion and the downregulated Vrs1 expression and hence the six-rowed spike phenotype.


Assuntos
Mapeamento Cromossômico/métodos , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Hordeum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Hordeum/genética , Fenótipo , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Metilação de DNA , Filogenia , Proteínas de Plantas/genética
14.
J Asian Nat Prod Res ; 23(8): 724-730, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34253100

RESUMO

Three new flavonoid glycosides, embeliaflavosides A-C (1-3), together with eight known flavonoid glycosides (4-11), were isolated from the fruits of Embelia ribes. Their structures were established based on the analyses of spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-11 were evaluated for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The results revealed that compounds 1-11 owned significant ABTS radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 2.52-9.78 µM, and DPPH scavenging activity with IC50 values of 7.56-26.47 µM, respectively. However, α-glucosidase inhibition assay indicated that all the isolates were inactive.[Formula: see text].


Assuntos
Embelia , Ribes , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Embelia/metabolismo , Flavonoides/farmacologia , Frutas , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/farmacologia , Glicosídeos/farmacologia , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais , Ribes/metabolismo , alfa-Glucosidases/metabolismo
15.
Molecules ; 26(6)2021 Mar 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33805809

RESUMO

Crataegi folium have been used as medicinal and food materials worldwide due to its pharmacological activities. Although the leaves of Crataegus songorica (CS), Crataegus altaica (CA) and Crataegus kansuensis (CK) have rich resources in Xinjiang, China, they can not provide insights into edible and medicinal aspects. Few reports are available on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of flavonoids compounds of their leaves. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient methods to determine qualitative and quantitative flavonoids compounds in leaves of CS, CA and CK. In the study, 28 unique compounds were identified in CS versus CK by qualitative analysis. The validated quantitative method was employed to determine the content of eight flavonoids of the leaves of CS, CA and CK within 6 min. The total content of eight flavonoids was 7.8-15.1 mg/g, 0.1-9.1 mg/g and 4.8-10.7 mg/g in the leaves of CS, CA and CK respectively. Besides, the best harvesting periods of the three species were from 17th to 26th September for CS, from 30th September to 15th October for CA and CK. The validated and time-saving method was successfully implemented for the analysis of the content of eight flavonoids compounds in CS, CA and CK for the first time.


Assuntos
Crataegus/química , Flavonoides/análise , China , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Crataegus/classificação , Crataegus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Flavonoides/química , Estrutura Molecular , Folhas de Planta/química , Plantas Comestíveis/química , Plantas Medicinais/química , Estações do Ano , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem
16.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 528(3): 520-527, 2020 07 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32499113

RESUMO

Chronic stress and lack of reward may reduce the function of the brain's reward circuits, leading to major depressive disorder. The effect of reward treatment on chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors and its molecular mechanism in the brain remain unclear. In this study, companion communication was used as a reward to study the effect of reward on CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors, and mRNA and miRNA profiles in the medial prefrontal cortex harvested from mice with depression-like and resilient behaviors were established by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that accompanying with companion ameliorated CUMS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. Furthermore, 45 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with depression-like behaviors, 8 DEGs associated with resilience and 59 DEGs associated with nature reward (companion) were identified, and 196 differentially expressed miRNAs were found to be associated with companion. Based on the differentially expressed miRNAs and DEGs data, miRNA-mRNA network was established to be associated with companion. Taken together, our data here provided a method to ameliorate depression-like behaviors, and numerous potential drug targets for the prevention or treatment of depression.


Assuntos
Depressão/genética , Depressão/terapia , MicroRNAs/genética , Córtex Pré-Frontal/fisiopatologia , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Recompensa , Estresse Fisiológico/genética , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Animais , Depressão/metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Redes Reguladoras de Genes , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Comportamento Social
17.
Neurobiol Learn Mem ; 172: 107246, 2020 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32387677

RESUMO

After the integrative storage of associated signals, a signal induces the recollection of its associated signal, or the other way around. This associative memory is essential to associative thinking, logical reasoning, imagination and computation. In terms of cellular mechanisms underlying associative memory, new mutual synapse innervations are formed among those coactivated neurons, so that they are recruited to be associative memory cells or associative memory neurons. These associative memory cells receive new synapse innervations alongside innate synapse inputs and encode signals carried by these inputs. We proposed to examine microRNAs as initiative factors for recruiting new synapse innervations and associative memory cells. In a mouse model of associative memory characterized as the reciprocal retrieval of associated whisker and odor signals, barrel and piriform cortical neurons gain their ability to encode whisker and odorant signals based on the newly formed synapse innervations between these coactivated cortices besides innate synapse inputs. miRNA-324 and miRNA-133a are required for recruiting these new synapse innervations and associative memory cells as well as sufficient for facilitating their recruitments, but not for innate synapse inputs. Therefore, the coactivation of sensory cortices through microRNA as initiative factor to recruit new mutual synapse innervations and associative memory cells for associative memory.


Assuntos
Aprendizagem por Associação/fisiologia , Memória/fisiologia , MicroRNAs/fisiologia , Neurônios/fisiologia , Córtex Piriforme/fisiologia , Córtex Somatossensorial/fisiologia , Sinapses/fisiologia , Animais , Dendritos/fisiologia , Camundongos Transgênicos , Plasticidade Neuronal
18.
Bioorg Med Chem Lett ; 30(9): 127097, 2020 05 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32171616

RESUMO

A series of novel rutaecarpine derivatives were synthesized and subjected to pharmacological evaluation as PDE5 inhibitors. The structure-activity relationships were discussed and their binding conformation and simultaneous interaction mode were further clarified by the molecular docking studies. Among the 25 analogues, compound 8i exhibited most potent PDE5 inhibition with IC50 values about 0.086 µM. Moreover, it also produced good effects against scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment in vivo. These results might bring significant instruction for further development of potential PDE5 inhibitors derived from rutaecarpine as a good candidate drug for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.


Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Disfunção Cognitiva/induzido quimicamente , Nucleotídeo Cíclico Fosfodiesterase do Tipo 5/metabolismo , Alcaloides Indólicos/química , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/síntese química , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/farmacologia , Quinazolinas/química , Animais , Antagonistas Colinérgicos/toxicidade , Disfunção Cognitiva/tratamento farmacológico , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Camundongos , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Teste do Labirinto Aquático de Morris , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/administração & dosagem , Inibidores da Fosfodiesterase 5/química , Conformação Proteica , Escopolamina/toxicidade
19.
Acta Pharmacol Sin ; 41(3): 319-326, 2020 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31645662

RESUMO

Pyroptosis is a form of inflammatory cell death that could be driven by the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation following myocardial infarction (MI). Emerging evidence suggests the therapeutic potential for ameliorating MI-induced myocardial damages by targeting NLRP3 and pyroptosis. In this study, we investigated the myocardial protection effect of a novel anthraquinone compound (4,5-dihydroxy-7-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone-2-ethyl succinate) named Kanglexin (KLX) in vivo and in vitro. Male C57BL/6 mice were pre-treated either with KLX (20, 40 mg· kg-1per day, intragastric gavage) or vehicle for 7 consecutive days prior to ligation of coronary artery to induce permanent MI. KLX administration dose-dependently reduced myocardial infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase release and improved cardiac function as compared to vehicle-treated mice 24 h after MI. We found that MI triggered NLRP3 inflammasome activation leading to conversion of interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) and IL-18 into their active mature forms in the heart, which could expand the infarct size and drive cardiac dysfunction. We also showed that MI induced pyroptosis, as evidenced by increased DNA fragmentation, mitochondrial swelling, and cell membrane rupture, as well as increased levels of pyroptosis-related proteins, including gasdermin D, N-terminal GSDMD, and cleaved caspase-1. All these detrimental alterations were prevented by KLX. In hypoxia- or lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated neonatal mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes, we showed that KLX (10 µM) decreased the elevated levels of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling- and propidium iodide-positive cells, and pyroptosis-related proteins. We conclude that KLX prevents MI-induced cardiac damages and cardiac dysfunction at least partly through attenuating NLRP3 and subsequent cardiomyocyte pyroptosis, and it is worthy of more rigorous investigations for its potential for alleviating ischemic heart disease.


Assuntos
Antraquinonas/farmacologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/tratamento farmacológico , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/antagonistas & inibidores , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacologia , Piroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Antraquinonas/administração & dosagem , Antraquinonas/química , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Estrutura Molecular , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/patologia , Proteína 3 que Contém Domínio de Pirina da Família NLR/metabolismo , Substâncias Protetoras/administração & dosagem , Substâncias Protetoras/química , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade
20.
J Neurophysiol ; 122(3): 1002-1022, 2019 09 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31268807

RESUMO

Anxiety is presumably driven by fear memory. Molecular profiles in the amygdala of mice with fear memory induced by psychological and physical stresses remain to be elucidated. Fear memory in mice was induced by a paradigm of social defeat. Physical and psychological stresses (PPS) to an intruder were given by attacks from an aggressive resident. Psychological stress (PS) to an observer was given by the witnessing of aggressor attacks. Amygdala tissues from these mice showing fear memory and anxiety vs. tissues from control mice were harvested to analyze mRNA and microRNA profiles by high-throughput sequencing. In the amygdala of intruders and observers with fear memory, the genes encoding 5-HTR1b, 5-HTR2a, DAR2, AChRM3, and IP3R1 are upregulated, whereas genes encoding GPγ11, GPγ13, GPγT2, RasC3, and P450 are downregulated, indicating that these molecules are involved in fear memory induced by physical/psychological stresses. In the comparison of intruders with observers, the upregulation of genes encoding 5-HTR6, GPγ8, P2R7, NFκ2, CREB3/1, and Itgα9 as well as the downregulation of genes encoding DAR5, 5-HTR1a, and HSP1a are involved in fear memory induced by physical stress. The upregulation of genes encoding DAR1, 5-HTR5a and SSR2/3 as well as the downregulation of AdRα1, CREB3/1, GPγ13 and GPγ8 are involved in fear memory induced by psychological stress. Results obtained by sequencing mRNA and microRNA profiles are consistent with results of quantitative RT-PCR analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays performed for validation. In conclusion, fear memories and anxiety induced by PPS vs. PS are caused by the imbalanced regulation of different synapses and signaling pathways in the amygdala.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The current study identifies the molecular mechanism underlying fear memory and anxiety induced by psychological stress vs. physical stress, in which the imbalanced expression of microRNA-regulated mRNAs relevant to dopaminergic, adrenergic, and serotonergic synapses in the amygdala plays an important role. This result reveals different molecular profiles for psychological and physical stresses.


Assuntos
Tonsila do Cerebelo/metabolismo , Ansiedade/metabolismo , Medo/fisiologia , Memória/fisiologia , MicroRNAs/metabolismo , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/fisiologia , Estresse Fisiológico/fisiologia , Estresse Psicológico/metabolismo , Sinapses/fisiologia , Animais , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Análise de Sequência de RNA
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