[Hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of prevention and control level of occupational hazards in coal mines].

Objective: To establish an evaluation model for occupational hazard prevention and control levels in coal mines, to explore the combination of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, to evaluate the overall situation of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines. Methods: In November 2021, Collect information of occupational hazards and their prevention and control status in 30 coal mines. AHP model was first constructed for the elements of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines. Then, the AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied to comprehensively evaluate and grade the occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines, using the principles of maximum membership and weighted average. Results: The hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation results for typical coal mine were basically consistent with its occupational hazard prevention and control situation. The dust prevention and control situation was good, the noise prevention and control situation is average, the occupational health monitoring situation was good, the occupational health management situation was average, and the overall level of occupational hazard prevention and control was good. Conclusion: The hierarchical fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model for occupational hazard prevention and control levels, combined with the principles of maximum membership and weighted average, can objectively evaluate and reflect the overall situation of occupational hazard prevention and control in coal mines.

[Bronchoscopic manifestations and interventional treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis].

Objective: To analyze the bronchoscopic manifestations and interventional treatment of pulmonary mucormycosis. Methods: Clinical data of patients with pulmonary mucormycosis undergoing bronchoscopy and interventional therapy in 4 tertiary general hospitals in China from May 2006 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and the literature on the subject were reviewed. Results: The data of 10 patients with pathologically diagnosed pulmonary mucormycosis undergoing bronchoscopy and interventional therapy were collected, including 8 males and 2 females. The patients' age ranged from 21 to 72 (44±15) years. The underlying diseases included 6 cases of diabetes ketoacidosis, 3 cases of leukemia, 1 case after operation of lung cancer. Bronchoscopy showed that white viscous necrotic matters grew along the airway and blocked the airway in 9 cases, accompanied by airway bleeding in 3 cases, bloody secretion blocked the airway in 1 case, and bronchopulmonary cavity fistula in 2 cases. The biopsy histopathology of white necrotic matters showed that many mucor filaments were tangled together which were named mucormycelium. Among the 10 patients, 9 were treated with systemic drugs, including intravenous application of amphotericin B deoxycholate in 5 cases, intravenous application of amphotericin B liposome in 4 cases, oral posaconazole in 6 cases and intravenous injection in 1 case. Local drug therapy included aerosol inhalation of amphotericin B deoxycholate in 8 cases and local perfusion under bronchoscope in 5 cases. Bronchoscopic interventional therapy was used to remove mucormycelium in the bronchus, including cryotherapy in 8 cases, biopsy forceps in 7 cases, snare treatment in 2 cases and foreign body forceps in 2 cases. All 10 patients were clinical cured and with no death. Conclusions: Pulmonary mucormycosis is more common in immunocompromised hosts. Bronchoscopy often showed mucormycelium blocking the airway. Systemic and local drug therapy combined with bronchoscopic interventional therapy can achieve good clinical efficacy.

[Rifaximin improves clinical symptoms and short-term survival in cirrhotic patients with refractory type ascites].

Objective: To investigate the effects of rifaximin treatment outcomes on complications and 24-week survival rate in cirrhotic patients with refractory type ascites. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 62 cases with refractory ascites, and were divided into rifaximin treatment group (42 cases) and control group (20 cases) according to the actual treatment conditions. Rifaximin treatment group patients were administered oral rifaximin-α 200 mg four times daily for 24 consecutive weeks, and the other treatments were basically the same in both groups. Fasting body weight, ascites, complications and survival rate between the two groups were observed. Measurement data of the two groups using t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and repeated measures analysis of variance were compared. χ2 test or Fisher's exact test were used to compare the enumeration data between the two groups. Kaplan-meier survival analysis was used to compare the survival rates. Results: At 24-week of rifaximin treatment, patients average body weight was reduced by 3.2 kg and the average ascites depth was reduced by 4.5 cm with B-ultrasound measurement, while in the control group at 24-week, the average body weight was reduced by 1.1 kg and the average ascites depth was reduced by 2.1 cm with B-ultrasound measurement, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (F=4.972, P=0.035; F=5.288, P=0.027). Hepatic encephalopathy incidence of grade II or above, hospitalization rates due to exacerbation of ascites, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were significantly lower in the rifaximin treatment group than those in the control group (2.4% vs. 20.0%, χ2=5.295, P=0.021; 11.9% vs. 50.0%, χ2=10.221, P=0.001; 7.1% vs. 25.0%, χ2=3.844, P=0.050). The 24-week survival rate was 83.3% in the rifaximin treatment group and 60.0% in the control group, P=0.039. Conclusion: Rifaximin treatment can significantly improve ascites symptoms, reduce the incidence of cirrhosis complications and improve the 24-week survival rate in cirrhotic patients with refractory type ascites.

[The effect of pregnant rats exposed to radio frequency electromagnetic field on the hippocampal morphology and nerve growth factor of offspring rats].

Objective: To explore the effects of exposure of pregnant rats to radio frequency electromagnetic field on the ultrastructure of hippocampus and the levels of obesity related protein (FTO) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in offspring rats. Methods: In September 2019, 36 healthy 7-week-old Wistar rats were selected, including 24 female rats (150-200 g) and 12 male rats (200-250 g) . The male and female mice were mated in the cage at 2: 1 ratio at 18: 00 every night. The smear results showed that the sperm was positive and the mating was successful. The day was regarded as the 0 day of pregnancy. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups and 3 control groups, with 4 rats in each group. The experimental group was exposed to 1 800 MHz, Wi-Fi and 1 800 MHz+Wi-Fi respectively, and the three control groups were exposed to virtual exposure. 12 hours a day for 21 days in three batches. After the end of exposure, the offspring of each group were raised for 7 weeks. The ultrastructural changes of the hippocampus were observed by transmission electron microscopy, the FTO level in the hippocampus was determined by Western blot, and the NGF level in the brain tissue was determined by ELISA. Results: Transmission electron microscopy showed that the nuclei of hippocampal tissue of female and male rats in the 1800 MHz group were slightly contracted, the cytoplasm was slightly edema, and the nuclei of male rats were obviously irregular. In the offspring of male and female rats in the Wi-Fi group, the nucleus of hippocampal tissue contracted seriously, the cell membrane was irregular, and the cytoplasm appeared obvious edema. In the 1800 MHz+Wi-Fi group, the nuclei of hippocampal tissue of both male and female offspring rats were severely contracted, the nuclear membrane was irregular, and the cytoplasm was severely edema. there was no significant difference in FTO level among the groups (P>0.05) . Compared with other groups, NGF content in hippocampus of offspring rats in the 1800 MHz+Wi-Fi group was significantly higher (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Exposure to radio frequency electromagnetic fields will damage the morphological structure of hippocampal tissue of offspring and stimulate the increase of NGF expression in the hippocampus.

[Clinical analysis of 10 patients with muscular sarcoidosis presenting muscle mass as initial symptom].

To investigate clinical characteristics of muscular sarcoidosis presenting muscle mass as initial symptom. The clinical data of 10 patients diagnosed with muscular sarcoidosis and admitted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from May 2014 to October 2020 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. All patients were female, including 2 patients with unilateral involvement of lower extremities, 7 patients with bilateral involvement of lower extremities, and 1 patient with bilateral involvement of upper and lower extremities. Lung lesions were presented in all patients, and 9 cases had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (sACE) was 57-118 IU/ml. No specific characteristics were found by ultrasound. Typical "dark-star" sign and "three-stripe" sign were shown in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The pathology of striated muscle was non-necrotizing granulomatous inflammation. Three patients were not treated. In 7 patients treated with prednisone 0.5-1 mg ·kg-¹·d-¹, immunosuppressants were combined in 3 patients at initial and the other 4 patients later on. During the follow-up of 7-62 months, 1 patient was stable, 6 improved and 3 relapsed. Till now, 5 patients are still on the treatment of glucocorticoid and immunosuppressant.

[Tear film stability after trabeculectomy and its relationship with bleb morphology].

Objective: To investigate the tear film stability after trabeculectomy and its relationship with bleb morphology using Optical Quality Analysis System Ⅱ (OQAS Ⅱ). Methods: A cross-sectional study. Glaucoma patients undergoing trabeculectomy in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from November 2011 to November 2016 were invited by telephone to perform optical quality, bleb photography, and break-up time examinations, and history of surgeries and medications was collected. Bleb morphology was graded according to the Indiana bleb appearance grading scale. The tear film stability was the average objective scatter index value measured using OQAS Ⅱ for 10 seconds after blinking minus the baseline objective scatter index. The higher the tear film stability value, the worse the stability. The difference in the tear film stability between the surgical eyes and non-surgical eyes was compared by the Mann-Whitney U test, and the relationships between the optical quality, bleb height, extent and vascularity were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: Sixty-three patients (76 eyes) were enrolled in the study, including 55 surgical eyes and 21 non-surgical eyes. The mean follow-up time was (39.6±26.2) months.In the surgical and non-surgical eyes, the M(Q(R)) of tear film stability was 0.46 (0.86) and 0.23 (0.41), respectively. The tear film stability in the surgical eyes was reduced compared to the non-surgical eyes (P=0.044). The trabeculectomy group was divided into three subgroups according to the height of the filtering bleb: H0 (17 eyes), H1 (24 eyes) and H2-3 (14 eyes). The M(Q(R)) of tear film stability in the three subgroups was 0.40(0.68), 0.70(1.02) and 0.40(1.24), respectively, with no statistically significant difference detected (P=0.481). According to the bleb extent, the surgical group was divided into two subgroups: E0-1 (36 eyes) and E2-3 (19 eyes). The M(Q(R)) of optical quality in the two subgroups was 0.63 (0.78) and 0.26(1.17), respectively, with no significant difference detected (P=0.261). According to the degree of bleb vascularity, the surgical group was divided into three subgroups: V0 (25 eyes), V1 (14 eyes), and V2-3 (16 eyes). The M(Q(R)) of optical quality in the three subgroups was 0.39 (0.69), 0.55 (1.18) and 0.63 (1.24), respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.401). Conclusion: Although tear film stability decrease after trabeculectomy, the decrease is not associated with the bleb morphology. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2019, 55:214-219).

[The expression of Semaphorin 5A in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and its effect on osteoclastogenesis].

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of soluble Semaphorin 5A(Sema 5A) in patients of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and the effect of Sema 5A on osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. Methods: (1)Soluble Sema 5A was detected in the serum of 62 RA patients, 30 osteoarthritis(OA) patients and 48 healthy controls(HC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The relationships between serum Sema 5A and disease activity, radiographic severity and laboratory parameters were investigated in RA patients.(2)RAW264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of Sema 5A(0,0.5,1,2.5,5 µg/ml).After 7 days, tartrate-resistant acid phosphate(TRAP) staining was performed. The mRNA levels of TRAP, cathepsin-K and matrix metallopeptidase 9(MMP-9) were tested using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).(3)Bone resorption area of dentine slides cultured with RAW264.7 cells was calculated after Sema 5A(5µg/ml) treatment. Results: (1)The serum Sema 5A in RA patients[(5.24±0.59)µg/L] was significantly higher than those in healthy controls[(2.93±0.34)µg/L,P<0.01] and OA patients[(2.68±0.47)µg/L,P<0.05]. The Sema 5A level in RA patients was positively correlated with disease activity score with 28 joint using C-reactive protein(DAS28-CRP), clinical disease activity index (CDAI),C-reactive protein(CRP) and sharp scores(P<0.05 or P<0.01).In addition,the serum Sema 5A in RA patients with positive anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide(CCP) antibody was significantly greater than that of anti-CCP antibody-negative patients(P<0.05).(2)After RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sema 5A, the number of TRAP positive osteoclasts increased according to the increase of Sema 5A concentration with maximal effect at 5 µg/ml. Meanwhile, Sema 5A promoted mRNA expression of TRAP,Cathepsin-K and MMP-9.(3)Bone resorption area increased when RAW264.7 cells were treated with Sema 5A(5 µg/ml). Conclusions: Serum Sema 5A is elevated in RA patients and correlated with disease activity and radiographic severity. Sema 5A promotes osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 cells.

[Changing trends of topical anti-glaucoma medications in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University during the past ten years].

Objective: To investigate the changing trends of topical anti-glaucoma medications in the outpatient of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University over the decade 2005-2014. Methods: Retrospective case series study. The medications data of glaucoma outpatients in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University were collected for the period of January 1(st) 2005 to December 31(st) 2014. SPSS 20.0 statistical software was used, mainly for statistical description of the data. The main outcome measures were the proportions of the prescriptions of different medications, and the proportions of the monotherapy and combination therapies. Results: During the 10 years, the number of glaucoma outpatients increased year by year, from 994 in 2005 to 3 266 in 2014, the gender ration was close to 1∶1, and the age were (57±18) years. The proportion of ß-blockers decreased from 56.7% (750/1 323) in 2005 to 33.1% (2 120/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of cholinergic agents decreased from 17.2% (227/1 323) in 2005 to 10.3% (663/6 407) in 2014. While the proportion of prostaglandins increased from 13.3% (176/1 323) in 2005 to 36.8% (1 916/5 209) in 2011, which was close to the 37.9% (1 972/5 209) of ß-blockers in 2011. In 2012, the prostaglandins proportion increased to 41.9% (2 435/5 810) exceeding the 37.2% (2 161/5 810) of ß-blockers, and became the most prescribed medication. The proportion of prostaglandins continued to increase to 46.9% (3 008/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of α(2)-agonists increased from 17.0% (225/1 323) in 2005 to 22.8% (1 460/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors increased from 9.6% (127/1 323) in 2005 to 24.1% (1 546/6 407) in 2014.The proportion of monotherapy decreased from 78.0% (1 032/1 323) in 2005 to 58.6% (3 757/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of two drugs combination increased from 20.0% (264/1 323) in 2005 to 26.7% (1 709/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of three drugs combination increased from 2.0% (26/1 323) in 2005 to 12.3% (788/6 407) in 2014. The proportion of four drugs combination increased from 0.1% (1/1 323) in 2005 to 2.3% (150/6 407) in 2014. Conclusions: The changes of the proportions of topical anti-glaucoma medications were remarkable from 2005 to 2014 in the outpatient of the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. The ß-blockers and cholinergic agents were declining, while the prostaglandins, α(2)-agonists and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors were increasing, and the prostaglandins became the most prescribed medication since 2012. The proportion of combination therapy was increasing. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 520-525).

[Changing patterns of surgical treatment for glaucoma in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University during the past ten years].

Objective: To investigate the patterns of surgical treatment for patients with glaucoma in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from 2005 to 2014. Methods: Retrospective case series about 6 781 glaucoma patients (7 751 eyes) who received surgical treatment from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2014 in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University. Among them, 2 869 were males and 3 912 were females, aged (62±14) years. The data of patients' demographic information, diagnosis and surgical procedures [trabeculectomy, aqueous shunts of ExPRESS and Ahmed for extraocular reservoir, cataract extraction with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and combined operations for glaucoma and cataract] were collected and the patterns of surgical treatment were evaluated. SPSS 21.0 statistical software was used, mainly for statistical description of the data. Results: The ratio of trabeculectomies increased between 2005 and 2009, from 48.2% (95/197) to 57.7% (488/846), but decreased to 21.1% (220/1 041) in 2014. The ratio of aqueous shunts of ExPRESS and Ahmed increased to 6.1% (63/1 041) and 7.6% (79/1 041) from 2005 to 2014, respectively. The ratio of cataract extraction with IOL implantation increased to 28.4% (294/1 036) in 2012, but decreased to 21.6% (225/1 041) in 2014. The ratio of combined operations for glaucoma and cataract decreased to 6.6% (47/717) from 2005 to 2010, and increased to 36.6% (381/1 041) in 2014. Over the decade, the ratio of cataract extraction with goniosynechialysis increased from 2.4% (15/623) to 17.7% (184/1 041). The rate of iridotectomy decreased to 0.2% (2/1041) in 2014. Conclusions: Trabeculectomy, cataract surgery and combined surgery for glaucoma with cataract were still the mainstream of glaucoma surgery in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from 2005 to 2014. And the ratio of cataract extraction with IOL implantation, aqueous shunts of ExPRESS and Ahmed, and combined operation for glaucoma and cataract rapidly increased, with cataract extraction with goniosynechialysis increasing most rapidly and becoming the mainstream procedure of treatment for glaucoma and cataract. Inversely, the rate of trabeculectomies and iridotectomies decreased dramatically over this period.(Chin J Ophthalmol, 2018, 54: 184-188).

[Management of 42 complex intracranial aneurysms in hybrid operating room].

Objective: To analyze the efficacy and methods of hybrid operation in the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms. Methods: Fourty-two patients with complex intracranial aneurysms were treated in hybrid operation room of Qilu Hospital of Shandong University between July 2011 and October 2016. Twenty-one cases of aneurysm clipping guided by intraoperative angiography, 10 cases of aneurysm clipping assisted by endovascular therapy, and 11 cases of aneurysm occlusion assisted by bypass surgery. Results: Thirty-five patients were followed up 6-36 months.Thirty-three (94.3%) cases were completely occlusion, 2 (5.7%) cases were recurrent in follow-up.One of the recurrence case was performed interventional embolization treatment, and the other was continuous follow-up. Conclusion: Hybrid operating room is beneficial to evaluate the surgical curative effect immediately. It could increase the occlusion rate of complicated aneurysms, and could provide an ideal platform for complicated intracranial aneurysm treatment.

[Clinical application of hybrid surgery for the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations].

Objective: To investigate the application of hybrid technique for the treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (CAVMs) and to assess the value of hybrid technique. Methods: The cases of CAVMs treated in Qilu hospital and People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from July 2011 to July 2016 were analyzed retrospectively.Two modes of hybrid surgery, "angiographic diagnosis-craniotomy lesion resection or/and hematoma clearance-intraoperative angiography evaluation" and "angiographic diagnosis-intraoperative embolization-craniotomy lesion resection or/and hematoma clearance-intraoperative angiography evaluation" were applied for all the cases.We placed an aneurysm clip as marker in surgery field during real-time angiography.If CAVMs residues occurred during surgery, we re-resected the residue according to the guidance of the marker (clip) and DSA imaging. Intra-operative angiography evaluated the results of CAVMs resection one more time.Postoperatively, follow-up CT scan was performed for all the patients. Results: Of all the cases with CAVMs, there were 8 cases of scale Ⅰ, 13 cases of scale Ⅱ, 10 cases of scale Ⅲ and 6 cases of scale Ⅳ according to Spetzler-Martin Scale.There were 28 cases of acute hemorrhagic CAVMs and 9 cases of chronic hemorrhagic CAVMs or no-hemorrhagic CAVMs.Intra-operative angiography showed CAVMs residues in 6 cases of acute hemorrhagic CAVMs and only one in chronic group.About 18.92% residual rate of CAVMs were found for the first time intra-operative assessment angiography.With the guidance of intra-operative angiography and aneurysm clip as Marker, all residues of CAVMs were resected totally.Follow up CT showed the hematomas disappeared in all the cases of acute hemorrhagic cases.The cure rate of CAVMs with hybrid surgery was 100% according to the final intra-operative assessment angiography. Conclusions: (1)Hybrid surgery for the treatment of CAVMs in one session could evaluate the results of CAVMs resection and instruct the surgical procedure according to real-time angiography.This model could improve the treatment safety and efficacy for patients with CAVMs.(2)Patients with higher Spetzler-Martin Scale (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) who need intra-operative embolization and patients with hemorrhagic CAVMs are more suitable for hybrid surgery.

Protective Effects of Total Glucosides of Paeony on N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Rats via Down-regulation of Regulatory B Cells.

Total glucoside of paeony (TGP), extracted from the root of Paeonia Lactiflora, has been known to show anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, hepato-protective and immuno-regulatory activities. The aim of this present study was to determine the anti-tumor effect of TGP against N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats, and to find the related mechanisms. Rat HCC model was established by intragastrically administrating with DEN (8 mg/kg). We found the number of tumor nodules and the index of liver and spleen were increased in the model group compared with the normal group, and was significantly decreased by TGP. Additionally, TGP obviously improved the hepatic pathological lesions induced by DEN, and decreased the elevated levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), glutamic oxalacetic transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) by DEN. Moreover, TGP decreased the level of B cell-activating factor (BAFF) and the proportion of IL-10-producing regulatory B cells (Bregs), and the decrease of BAFF by TGP is positively correlated to the decrease of IL-10-producing Bregs by TGP. These results suggest that TGP had a good therapeutic action on DEN-induced HCC rats, which might be due to its down-regulation of Bregs through reducing the level of BAFF.

Molecular phylogeny of Colletotrichum (Sordariomycetes: Glomerellaceae) inferred from multiple gene sequences.

The genus Colletotrichum contains many important plant pathogens mainly distributed in tropical areas. Previous studies that utilized morphology or single genes have failed to resolve the phylogenetic relationships among the species. In this study, sequences of ß-tubulin, 28S ribosomal DNA, and ITS region from nine species were analyzed separately and combined to establish a fast method to infer the phylogeny of Colletotrichum using maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood, and Bayesian inference methods. The tree topologies inferred from the combined data set received higher bootstrap and posterior probability support than those inferred from the individual data sets. Obtained phylogenies highly supported C. capsici as the earliest diverging lineage followed by C. nymphaeae. The remaining seven species clustered into two distinct clades. Clade 1 consists of two monophyletic subclades: C. circinans, C. trichellum, and C. caudatum form one subclade and three accessions of C. dematium form another subclade. In Clade 2, C. incarnatum is in the basal-most clade. Three accessions of C. musae and C. caricae form a strongly supported clade indicating their close relationship. Spore shape analysis reveals an interesting evolutionary trend in the spore shape from acute- to obtuse-ended conidia and from curved to straight conidia in the sampled group of species. A quick and reliable way to infer the phylogeny of Colletotrichum based on combined DNA sequence data is presented in this paper.

Development of EST-SSR and TRAP markers from transcriptome sequencing data of the mango.

Mango is one of the most commercially important fruit crops in tropical and subtropical regions. To increase the efficiency of breeding strategies, two EST-derived marker systems were developed in the present study using information from the mango fruit transcriptome. Using simple sequence repeats, 218 of 230 primer pairs showed stable amplification for 7 mango genotypes with amplicons ranging from 84 to 160 bp; 93 of the primer pairs yielded polymorphic products. The proportion of polymorphic bands ranged from 16.67 to 100%, with a mean of 55.64%. In contrast, 86 primer pairs exhibited good amplification with clear bands for target region amplification polymorphism analysis, and a total of 66 primer combinations were polymorphic. These two novel sets of EST-derived markers will be of use in future studies of genetic diversity, genetic map construction, and marker-assisted selection in mango.

Effects of acupotomylysis on basic fibroblast growth factor and CD34 levels in rabbits with third lumbar vertebral transverse foramen syndrome.

This study observed the local tissue homogenates in rabbits with third lumbar vertebral transverse foramen syndrome and explored the mechanism of acupotomylysis in local tissue revascularization. Thirty Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into the following 5 groups of 6 rabbits each: normal, model, acupotomy, electroacupuncture (EA), and acupotomy-EA groups. All except the normal group were comprised of animal models of third lumbar vertebral transverse foramen syndrome prepared by embedding sponge in the left third lumbar transverse process. The rabbits in the acupotomy and EA groups underwent bilateral acupotomylysis intervention; those in the acupotomy-EA group underwent acupotomylysis and EA interventions. On the 28th day after modeling, the double-antibody ELISA was used to detect b-FGF and CD34 levels in the serum and homogenates of a muscle tissue sample from the left side of the third lumbar transverse process. The b-FGF levels in local muscle homogenates were significantly higher in the modeled rabbits than in the normal rabbits (P < 0.01), and the CD34 levels in the modeled group were significantly lower than in the normal group (P < 0.01). The b-FGF and CD34 levels in the EA, acutopomy, and acutopomy-EA groups were significantly lower than those in the modeled group (P < 0.01); the CD34 levels were significantly higher in the acupotomy-EA group than in the model group (P < 0.05); and the differences among the EA, acupotomy, and acupotomy-EA groups were not significant (P > 0.05). In conclusion, acupotomylysis regulates the levels of b-FGF and CD34 levels in serum and muscle tissue as well as local tissue revascularization.

The oocyte-to-baby rate of day 2, day 3 versus day 5 embryo transfer: a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the time of embryo transfer (ET) affect the oocyte-to-baby rate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The database was retrospectively analyzed including total number of oocytes collected and corresponding oocyte-to-live baby born (LBB) rate. Then the relationship between different time of embryo transfer and oocyte-to-baby rate was compared. In a year period all patients undergoing infertility treatment were included in the study. The outcome parameters were total number of oocytes collected and corresponding oocyte-to-LBB. RESULTS: For patients under the age of 35 years, there was no increase in oocyte-to-LBB regardless of the time of ET. For patients older than 35 years, the oocyte use rate increased significantly when embryo was transferred on day 2. Oocyte-to-baby rates were also analyzed after grouping patients on the number of oocytes retrieved per cycle. For patients < 35 years, the oocyte- to -LBB rate increased significantly on day 3 if < ten oocytes were obtained. whereas for patients > 35 years, the oocyte-to-baby rate was best on day 2 when about 15 oocytes were retrieved. CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective analysis demonstrated the relationship between the time of ET and ooctye-to-baby rate that is indicative of a more biologically efficient reproductive system.

Effect of chronic sublethal exposure of major heavy metals on filtration rate, sex ratio, and gonad development of a bivalve species.

The chronic toxic effects of major heavy metals including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) on the filtration rate (FR), sex ratio, and gonad development of immature blood clams, Tegillarca granosa, were investigated. The FRs were significantly inhibited by Cu, Pb and Cd, with rates generally decreasing with both increasing metal concentrations and exposure time. EC50 values for FR after 28 days of exposure were 12.9, 12.7 and 14.4 µg/L for Cu, Pb and Cd, respectively. Zn exposure had no effect on FR. Sex ratios were significantly altered from controls in favor of an increased proportion of males at metal concentrations of ≥ 14.2, ≥ 86 and ≥ 110 µg/L for Cu, Pb and Cd, respectively; and at ≥ 1.68 mg/L for Zn. The gonado-somatic index was significantly reduced in clams at all metal exposures, except for the lowest concentration of Cu (7.1 µg/L).

[Clinical study of induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the treatment of FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype].

Objective: To assess the efficacy of induction chemotherapy followed by allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in the treatment of FLT3-ITD(+) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with normal karyotype. Methods: The clinical data of FLT3-ITD(+) AML patients with normal karyotype in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from Jan 2018 to March 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The study included 49 patients with FLT3-ITD(+)AML, 31 males, and 18 females, with a median age of 46 (16-59) years old. All patients received induction chemotherapy, and 24 patients received sequential allo-HSCT (transplantation group) . The median follow-up time was 465 days, the one-year overall survival (OS) from diagnosis was (70.0 ± 7.4) %, and one-year disease-free survival (DFS) was (70.3±7.4) %. The one-year OS was significantly different between the transplantation group and the non-transplantation group [ (85.2 ± 7.9) % vs (52.6 ± 12.3) %, P=0.049]. but one-year DFS [ (84.7 ± 8.1) % vs (55.2 ± 11.9) %, P=0.061] was not. No significance was found in one-year OS between patients with low-frequency and high-frequency FLT3-ITD(+) (P>0.05) . There were 12 patients with high-frequency FLT3-ITD(+) in the transplantation and the non-transplantation groups, respectively. The one-year OS [ (68.8 ± 15.7) % in the transplantation group vs (26.2 ± 15.3) % in the non-transplantation group, P=0.027] and one-year DFS [ (45.5 ± 21.3) % in the transplantation group vs (27.8±15.8) % in the non-transplantation group, P=0.032] were significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Induction chemotherapy followed by allo-HSCT can enhance the prognosis of FLT3-ITD(+) patients, particularly those with FLT3-ITD high-frequency mutation.

Combined use of etanercept and MTX restores CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio and Tregs in spleen and thymus in collagen-induced arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To further explore the mechanism of etanercept (ENT, rhTNFR:Fc) and methotrexate (MTX) in the combined treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we investigated whether thymic and splenic T-cell subsets and their related cytokines imbalance could be restored by ETN/MTX treatment. METHODS: The effect of ETN/MTX on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was evaluated by arthritis scores, joint and spleen histopathology, as well as indices of thymus and spleen. T lymphocytes proliferation was determined by [(3)H]-TdR incorporation. Levels of TNF-α, LT-α, IL-1ß, RANKL, IL-10, IL-17, IFN-γ and IL-6 were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The subsets of T lymphocytes including CD4(+), CD8(+), CD3(+)CD4(+), CD4(+)CD25(+), CD4(+)CD62L(+) and CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells were quantified using flow cytometry. RESULTS: Combined administration of ETN/MTX significantly inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes, decreased serum IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1ß, RANKL and macrophage supernatant IL-17, LT-α, increased serum IFN-γ and macrophage supernatant IL-10. Moreover, the combined administration could restore CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio and Treg cells of CIA thymus and spleen. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our findings suggest that ENT/MTX may modify the abnormal T lymphocytes balance from central to peripheral lymphoid organs, which may partially, explained the mechanism of the combined administration.

Intravenously transplanted bone marrow stromal cells promote recovery of lower urinary tract function in rats with complete spinal cord injury.

OBJECTIVES: There is increasing evidence that intravenously injected neural progenitor cells promote recovery of bladder function in rodents, following contusive spinal cord injury through migrating into the injured spinal cord tissue and differentiating into central nervous system cells. The present study was aimed to clarify whether intravenously transplanted bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) could improve lower urinary tract (LUT) function in rats with spinal cord transection (SCT). METHODS: A total of 22 rats underwent experimentation in three groups, including group 1-sham operation, group 2 (BMSC)-SCT plus BrdU (5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine) labeled BMSCs transplantation at day 9 after SCT, group 3-SCT control. All rats were investigated urodynamically on day 28 after transplantation. RESULTS: BMSCs identified by BrdU immunohistochemistry survived in the injured spinal cord and lumbar level 3-4 (L(3-4)). Voiding pressure, episodes of non-voiding contractions and residual urine volumes were significantly decreased in BMSC rats, compared with the controls. Bladder capacity was similar in both groups. In four out of eight BMSC rats and one out of seven controls, the tonic and bursting external urethral sphincter electromyographic activity were detected during cystometry. Silent periods during bursting were shorter and activity periods were longer in BMSC rats compared with sham rats. CONCLUSION: Intravenously transplanted BMSCs survived in the L(3-4) and had beneficial effects on the recovery of LUT function in the rats after SCT.