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Previous studies have shown that pretreatment with thapsigargin (TG), a cellular stress inducer, produced potent protective actions against various pathologic injuries. So far there is no information on the effects of TG on the development of bacterial sepsis. Using lipopolysaccharides- and cecal ligation/puncture-induced sepsis models in mice, we demonstrated that preconditioning with a single bolus administration of TG conferred significant improvements in survival. The beneficial effects of TG were not mediated by ER stress induction or changes in Toll-like receptor 4 signaling. In vivo and in cultured macrophages, we identified that TG reduced the protein production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but exhibited no significant effects on steady state levels of their transcriptions. Direct measurement on the fraction of polysome-bound mRNAs revealed that TG reduced the translational efficiency of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, we provided evidence suggesting that repression of the mTOR (the mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway, but not activation of the PERK (protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase)-eIF2α (eukaryotic initiation factor 2α) pathway, might be involved in mediating the TG effects on cytokine production. In summary, our results support that pharmacological preconditioning with TG may represent a novel strategy to prevent sepsis-induced mortality and organ injuries.
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Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Substâncias Protetoras/uso terapêutico , Sepse/tratamento farmacológico , Tapsigargina/uso terapêutico , Animais , Citocinas/fisiologia , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Profilaxia Pré-Exposição , Células RAW 264.7 , Receptor 4 Toll-Like/metabolismoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The atlanto-dental interval measurement in the cervical spine in young adults has been reported on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT), but has not been systematically assessed in all ages. PURPOSE: To evaluate the reference ranges for the atlanto-dental interval (ADI) in a large sample of adult patients on MDCT and to analyze the relationships of these measurements with gender and age of the patients as well as inter-observer performance. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First, a consecutive series of 700 Chinese patients aged over 18 years undergoing an upper cervical MDCT scan were divided equally into seven age groups. Second, the mid-sagittal image of the atlanto-dental joint was chosen for measurement and ADI was defined as the distance intercepted from the segment line linking the center of anterior atlas tubercle with that of posterior tubercle. Third, the correlation of ADI with age and gender was analyzed using linear regression analysis. Finally, the inter-observer performance was assessed using Bland and Altman's limits of agreement. RESULTS: The ADI was 1.77 ± 0.39 mm, 1.61 ± 0.37 mm, 1.58 ± 0.36 mm, 1.41 ± 0.29 mm, 1.31 ± 0.29 mm, 1.34 ± 0.28 mm, and 1.06 ± 0.47 mm in the age groups 18-24 years, 25-29 years, 30-39 years, 40-49 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years, and older than 70 years, respectively. The range of ADI was 0.85-3.12 mm in the age group 18-39 years, 0.71-2.55 mm in the age group 40-59 years, and 0.00-2.37 mm in the age group older than 60 years. There was no difference between gender and ADI (r = 0.00, P = 1.000). ADI decreased linearly with age (r = -0.511, P = 0.000). The inter-observer performance was reliable. CONCLUSION: ADI measurements on MDCT linearly decrease with increasing age, and these are not affected by gender in adult patients. Different reference values might be used at different ages when diagnosing atlantoaxial anterior dislocation or subluxation.
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Articulação Atlantoaxial/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Valores de Referência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Aim: This study aims to explore the role of soluble programmed cell death protein 1 (sPD-1) in individuals with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing treatment with drug-eluting beads transarterial chemoembolization (D-TACE). Additionally, we aim to assess the potential utility of sPD-1 for determining the optimal timing for combining D-TACE with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Materials and Methods: A total of 44 HCC patients eligible for D-TACE and 55 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. Three milliliters of peripheral venous blood from the patients were collected on the day before D-TACE and 3, 7, and 30 days after D-TACE, respectively, for the assay of sPD-1. The relationships between sPD-1 levels, clinical features, outcomes, and the fluctuation of sPD-1 during treatment were analyzed. Results: The initial sPD-1 levels in patients were found to be significantly higher than those in the control group. Although the initial sPD-1 levels displayed a decreasing trend with an increase in BCLC stage, no significant differences were observed among patients at different BCLC stages. The sPD-1 level on day 3 after D-TACE was similar to that on day 7 after D-TACE and significantly lower than the initial level. The sPD-1 level on day 30 after D-TACE was significantly higher than that on day 3 and day 7 after D-TACE and nearly returned to the initial level before D-TACE. Conclusion: The level of sPD-1 was found to be significantly elevated in patients with HCC. However, further research is deemed necessary to fully understand the role of sPD-1 as a potential biomarker in the initiation, progression, and prognosis of HCC. The decrease in sPD-1 following D-TACE suggests that immune effector cells might potentially be reduced, as well as immune function weakened, highlighting the need to avoid the prompt administration of ICIs after D-TACE.
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To evade cell cycle controls, malignant cells rely upon rapid expression of select proteins to mitigate proapoptotic signals resulting from damage caused by both cancer treatments and unchecked over-proliferation. Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9)-dependent signaling induces transcription of downstream oncogenes promoting tumor growth, especially in hyperproliferative 'oncogene-addicted' cancers, such as human hematological malignancies (HHMs). GFH009, a potent, highly selective CDK9 small molecule inhibitor, demonstrated antiproliferative activity in assorted HHM-derived cell lines, inducing apoptosis at IC50 values below 0.2 µM in 7/10 lines tested. GFH009 inhibited tumor growth at all doses compared to controls and induced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Twice-weekly injections of GFH009 maleate at 10 mg/kg significantly prolonged the survival of MV-4-11 xenograft-bearing rodents, while their body weight remained stable. There was marked reduction of MCL-1 and c-MYC protein expression post-drug exposure both in vitro and in vivo. Through rapid 'on-off' CDK9 inhibition, GFH009 exerts a proapoptotic effect on HHM preclinical models triggered by dynamic deprivation of crucial cell survival signals. Our results mechanistically establish CDK9 as a targetable vulnerability in assorted HHMs and, along with the previously shown superior class kinome selectivity of GFH009 vs other CDK9 inhibitors, strongly support the rationale for currently ongoing clinical studies with this agent in acute myeloid leukemia and other HHMs.
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Antineoplásicos , Quinase 9 Dependente de Ciclina , Neoplasias Hematológicas , Humanos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Apoptose , Quinase 9 Dependente de Ciclina/antagonistas & inibidores , Neoplasias Hematológicas/tratamento farmacológico , OncogenesRESUMO
A pair of new flavanol racemates (1a and 1b) and a new flavanol racemic mixture (2) were isolated from crude propolis from Henan Province, People's Republic of China. Also obtained were nine known compounds, including two flavones, four flavonols, two flavanols, and isoferulic acid. Spectroscopic analysis was employed to assign the structures of these new compounds and the absolute configurations of 1a and 1b. Cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds against the HeLa human cervical carcinoma cancer cell line was evaluated, with only compounds 1a, 1b, 2, and rhamnetin (3) being active.
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Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Flavonóis/isolamento & purificação , Flavonóis/farmacologia , Própole/química , Quercetina/análogos & derivados , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Feminino , Flavonóis/química , Humanos , Estrutura Molecular , Quercetina/química , Quercetina/isolamento & purificação , Quercetina/farmacologia , EstereoisomerismoRESUMO
The effect of the slip lengths of both continuous and dispersed phases on droplet formation in microfluidic T-junctions is investigated by a volume of fluid method. Results reveal that, in a dripping regime, the droplet size is mainly influenced by the slip length of the continuous phase and increases with it. In a squeezing regime, the droplet size decreases with the slip lengths of both phases. The effects of the slip lengths of both phases on droplet generation are systematically discussed and summarized. The elongation rate of the thread can be decreased with an increase of slip lengths in both dripping and squeezing regimes, which is beneficial to improve droplet monodispersity. The monodispersity of droplets can deteriorate when the slip length of either phase is small and can be improved by increasing the slip length of the other phase.
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Liver cancers are highly heterogeneous with poor prognosis and drug response. A better understanding between genetic alterations and drug responses would facilitate precision treatment for liver cancers. To characterize the landscape of pharmacogenomic interactions in liver cancers, we developed a protocol to establish human liver cancer cell models at a success rate of around 50% and generated the Liver Cancer Model Repository (LIMORE) with 81 cell models. LIMORE represented genomic and transcriptomic heterogeneity of primary cancers. Interrogation of the pharmacogenomic landscape of LIMORE discovered unexplored gene-drug associations, including synthetic lethalities to prevalent alterations in liver cancers. Moreover, predictive biomarker candidates were suggested for the selection of sorafenib-responding patients. LIMORE provides a rich resource facilitating drug discovery in liver cancers.
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Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Variantes Farmacogenômicos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Sorafenibe/farmacologia , Animais , Povo Asiático/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/etnologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Tomada de Decisão Clínica , Bases de Dados Genéticas , Resistencia a Medicamentos Antineoplásicos/genética , Feminino , Heterogeneidade Genética , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/etnologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos Endogâmicos NOD , Camundongos Nus , Camundongos SCID , Seleção de Pacientes , Testes Farmacogenômicos , Fenótipo , Medicina de Precisão , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
Triterpenes are the main components with cytotoxicity in Ganoderma lucidum, which is used popularly as a complementary treatment for cancer therapy in traditional Chinese medicine. To investigate the possible interaction between chemotherapeutic agents and triterpenes extracted from G. lucidum, the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) combined with Ganoderma triterpenes (GTS) or lucidenic acid N (LCN), a purified compound, was examined in HeLa cells. The combinations targeting DOX with GTS or LCN resulted in a synergistic interaction in HeLa cells. Moreover, to identify the molecular targets of GTS, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based comparative proteomics was carried out and proteins with altered expression levels after GTS treatment in HeLa cells were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. The results of our proteomic study indicated that the GTS treatment caused regulated expression of 14 proteins, which play important roles in cell proliferation, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. Flow cytometric analysis confirmed that GTS could induce weak G(0)-G(1) phase arrest and combined use of GTS with DOX could induce apoptosis in cells. Furthermore, GTS enhanced the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing effect of DOX, and a ROS scavenger could affect the synergism between GTS and DOX. In cells with high Ku80 protein expression, the synergism between GTS and DOX was also partly affected. Importantly, in cells with high Ku80 expression that were treated with a ROS scavenger, the synergism between GTS and DOX totally disappeared. These results suggest that the synergism between GTS and DOX might be based on GTS-induced sensitization of cells to chemotherapeutics through enhanced oxidative stress, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
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Doxorrubicina/farmacologia , Ganoderma/química , Proteínas de Neoplasias/análise , Proteômica , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Antígenos Nucleares/análise , Western Blotting , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/análise , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Células HeLa , Humanos , Autoantígeno Ku , Proteína Fosfatase 2/fisiologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim is to study the effectiveness and side effects of sorafenib administration after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. To evaluate the safety of the combination of sorafenib and TACE to treat HCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 36 unresectable HCC patients were enrolled. After TACE, administration of sorafenib was carried out. Follow-up was taken for every 4 weeks. Liver and renal function and alpha-fetoprotein were tested. Modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) was used to evaluate the clinical effect. The side effects were recorded. RESULTS: The median overall survival (mOS) and the median time to progress were 12.5 and 8 months with the range from 6 to 32 and 4-30 months, respectively. The mOS of patients with single tumor was 18 months while that of multiple tumors in liver was 10 months (χ2 = 4.1639, P = 0.0413). According to mRECIST, there were no complete response patients, 2 partial response patients, 10 stable disease patients, and 24 progressive disease patients. Response rate was 5.5% (2/36). Disease control rate (DCR) was 33% (12/36). The main adverse events were hand-foot skin reaction and diarrhea. The frequency of Grade II, III hand-foot-skin reaction was 39%. After treatment, it decreased to 5.6%. Forty-four percentage patients suffered from diarrhea of Grades I and II. After treatment, it decreased to 28%. The mean interval of TACE was 45 days before combination therapy and 120 days after combination therapy. CONCLUSION: Administration of sorafenib after TACE could prolong overall survival of advanced HCC patients, keep the stable status longer and extend the interval between TACEs. The side effects are usually treatable, which proves the safety of this combination.
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Antineoplásicos/administração & dosagem , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/terapia , Quimioembolização Terapêutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/terapia , Niacinamida/análogos & derivados , Compostos de Fenilureia/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Assistência ao Convalescente , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/mortalidade , Quimioembolização Terapêutica/métodos , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Terapia de Alvo Molecular , Metástase Neoplásica , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Niacinamida/administração & dosagem , Niacinamida/efeitos adversos , Compostos de Fenilureia/efeitos adversos , Sorafenibe , Análise de Sobrevida , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Acquired resistance to targeted therapies is an important clinical challenge. Research focusing on acquired resistance is hindered by the lack of relevant model systems. In the present study, the generation and characterization of an in vivo acquired sorafenib-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenograft model derived from a patient tumor is reported. A cancer cell line (LIXC-004SR) was generated from a tumor that had developed following ~100 days of sorafenib treatment of a HCC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model (LIX004). The xenograft tumors derived from this cell line demonstrated sorafenib-resistance in vivo. By contrast, a cell line (LIXC-004NA) generated from a vehicle-treated LIX004 PDX model remained sensitive to sorafenib in vivo. Following treatment with sorafenib in vivo, angiogenesis was significantly elevated in the LIXC-004SR tumors when compared with that in the LIXC-004NA tumors. The LIXC-004SR cell culture supernatant stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cell proliferation and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase and protein kinase B phosphorylation, which can only be inhibited by the combination of sorafenib and a fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) inhibitor, AZD4547. The tumor growth of the sorafenib-resistant LIXC-004SR xenograft was inhibited by the FGFR1 inhibitor in vivo, suggesting that one of the underlying mechanisms of the acquired resistance is likely due to activation of alternative angiogenic pathways. The LIXC-004SR cell line also exhibited signs of multi-drug resistance and genetic instability. Taken together, these data suggest that this in vivo model of acquired resistance from a PDX model may reflect sorafenib-resistance in certain patients and may facilitate drug resistance research, as well as contributing to the clinical prevention and management of drug resistance.
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Gastric cancer is a fatal disease and the availability of early diagnostic methods is limited. There is an urgent need to identify effective targets for early diagnosis and therapeutics. UbcH10 is a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme with high expression in various types of cancers. In the present study, several gastric tumor cell lines with high or low expression of UbcH10 were exploited to study the role of UbcH10 in gastric cancer. Knockdown of UbcH10 expression using siRNA in gastric cancer cell lines with high expression of UbcH10 resulted in reduced proliferation, increased cisplatin-induced apoptosis and reduced serum-induced ERK, Akt and p38 phosphorylation signaling. In agreement, overexpression of UbcH10 in gastric cancer cell lines with low expression of UbcH10 led to enhanced cell proliferation and resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. Most importantly, IHC analyses showed that the UbcH10 protein was expressed at a high level in most patient gastric cancer tissues, but was absent in adjacent mesenchyme tissues. These data suggest that UbcH10 may promote gastric cancer growth and can serve as a biomarker for diagnosis or as a target for novel therapeutics in gastric cancer.
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Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Enzimas de Conjugação de Ubiquitina/genética , Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/genética , RNA Interferente Pequeno/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genéticaRESUMO
Previous experimental studies have demonstrated that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor cMet serve an important function in lymphangiogenesis, but their biological functions in malignant tumors have remained elusive. The present study aimed to investigate the expression patterns of HGFα and cMet and their association with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)C, lymphatic vessel density and lymph node metastasis in nonsmallcell lung cancer (NSCLC). In the present study, the lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) and the expression levels of HGFα, its receptor cMet and VEGFC were determined in 113 human NSCLC tissues and 113 normal lung tissue samples, using immunohistochemical staining. As a result, it was determined that the expression levels of HGFα, cMet and VEGFC were significantly higher in NSCLC tissues than those in normal lung tissues (HGFα, 67.3 vs. 20.4%, P<0.001; cMet, 74.3 vs. 23.0%, P<0.001; and VEGFC, 65.5 vs. 23.9%, P<0.001). HGFα expression was observed to be significantly associated with that of VEGFC (r=0.234, P=0.012) or cMet (r=0.648, P<0.001). In addition, there was a positive correlation between the expression levels of VEGFC and cMet (r=0.224, P=0.017). In NSCLC tissues, the expression of HGFα, cMet or VEGFC was significantly correlated with the LMVD (P=0.045, 0.002 and 0.001, respectively), and lymph node metastasis was more common in HGFα, cMet or VEGFCpositive groups (P=0.020, 0.020 and 0.009, respectively). In addition, the HGFα or VEGFCpositive groups presented shorter survival time periods. In conclusion, the expression of HGFα or cMet was closely correlated with VEGFC, LMVD and metastases of lymph nodes, indicating that HGFα, cMet and VEGFC may perform important and collaborative actions in lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of primary NSCLC.
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Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/genética , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/patologia , Expressão Gênica , Fator de Crescimento de Hepatócito/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Linfangiogênese/genética , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-met/genética , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/metabolismo , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células não Pequenas/mortalidade , Feminino , Fator de Crescimento de Hepatócito/metabolismo , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-met/metabolismo , Fator C de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Fator C de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismoRESUMO
PURPOSE: It is to disclose whether the laparoscopic technique is feasible or not in the treatment of low rectal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Web of Science, Science Direct, SpringerLink, EBSCO, and the Cochrane Library databases for the eligible studies. Review Manager 5.2 was used to test the heterogeneity and to evaluate the overall test performance. RESULTS: Twelve studies met the final inclusion criteria (total n=2973). The pooled analyses showed, despite longer operation times, that there were significantly less blood loss, fewer transfusions, shorter times to bowel function recovery, resumed diet and hospital durations, and lower overall complication and wound infection rates. The compared results of the lymph node harvest number, distal resection margin, circumferential resection margin involvement, local and distant recurrences, disease-free survival, and overall survival were similar between both the groups. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic surgery is safe and feasible for the treatment of low rectal cancer.
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Colectomia/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Laparotomia/métodos , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Duração da Cirurgia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The safety of laparoscopic surgery for mid-low rectal cancer treatment has remained controversial, especially regarding the long-term outcomes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether the laparoscopic technique is feasible. METHODS: We searched all of studies that compared the short- or long-term outcomes regarding laparoscopic and open rectal cancer surgeries (the tumour distance from anal verge within 10 cm). The data sources included PubMed, EMBASE, OVID, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library databases. The combined outcome of the dichotomous variables was expressed as an estimation of the odds ratios and continuous variables were presented in the form of weighted mean differences with 95% credible intervals. Subgroup, publication bias and sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: Thirteen studies met the final inclusion criteria (total n = 3,678). The pooled analyses showed, despite longer operation times, that there were significantly less blood loss, fewer transfusions, shorter times to bowel function recovery, resumed diet and hospital durations, and lower overall complication and wound infection rates. The compared results of the lymph node harvest number, distal resection margin, circumferential resection margin involvement, local and distant recurrences, disease-free survival and overall survival were similar between both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic surgery appear to be equivalent to open surgery for treatment of mid- low rectal cancer, with the more favourable short-term benefits, fewer complications, comparable pathological outcomes and long-term outcomes.
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Carcinoma/cirurgia , Linfonodos/patologia , Neoplasias Retais/cirurgia , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Humanos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Razão de Chances , Duração da Cirurgia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis worldwide and the molecular mechanism is not well understood. This study aimed to establish a collection of human HCC cell lines from patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. From the 20 surgical HCC sample collections, 7 tumors were successfully developed in immunodeficient mice and further established 7 novel HCC cell lines (LIXC002, LIXC003, LIXC004, LIXC006, LIXC011, LIXC012 and CPL0903) by primary culture. The characterization of cell lines was defined by morphology, growth kinetics, cell cycle, chromosome analysis, short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, molecular profile, and tumorigenicity. Additionally, response to clinical chemotherapeutics was validated both in vitro and in vivo. STR analysis indicated that all cell lines were unique cells different from known cell lines and free of contamination by bacteria or mycoplasma. The other findings were quite heterogeneous between individual lines. Chromosome aberration could be found in all cell lines. Alpha-fetoprotein was overexpressed only in 3 out of 7 cell lines. 4 cell lines expressed high level of vimentin. Ki67 was strongly stained in all cell lines. mRNA level of retinoic acid induced protein 3 (RAI3) was decreased in all cell lines. The 7 novel cell lines showed variable sensitivity to 8 tested compounds. LIXC011 and CPL0903 possessed multiple drug resistance property. Sorafenib inhibited xenograft tumor growth of LIXC006, but not of LIXC012. Our results indicated that the 7 novel cell lines with low passage maintaining their clinical and pathological characters could be good tools for further exploring the molecular mechanism of HCC and anti-cancer drug screening.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/patologia , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Efeito Fundador , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patologia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Ciclo Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral/metabolismo , Feminino , Expressão Gênica , Xenoenxertos , Humanos , Cariotipagem , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos SCID , Proteínas de Neoplasias/metabolismo , Especificidade de Órgãos , Cultura Primária de Células , Sequências de Repetição em Tandem , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of BCRP expression on tumor recurrence, metastasis and treatment tolerability. METHODS: A VX2 rabbit liver tumor model was established. Division was randomly into 4 groups: namely saline control group; A group, given hydration lipiodol; B group, Ad-p53; and C group, Ad-p53+hydration lipiodol. After the intervention, samples were collected to detect the BCRP, MMP-2, VEGF and PCNA. RESULTS: The expression of BCRP, MMP-2, PCNA and VEGF in tumors in Group A had no significant difference when compared with the control group, while in B and C group, the values were significantly lower (P < 0.05). BCRP positive expression in metastatic lesions significantly increased (P < 0.05), and was correlated with MMP-2 (X2=6.172, P = 0.0131). CONCLUSIONS: BCRP may play an important role in mediating liver cancer multidrug resistance to chemotherapy, and may be correlated with tumor recurrence and metastasis, which leads to weakened treatment effect. Ad-P53 can down-regulate the expression of related genes, playing a role in multidrug resistance reversal and increased sensitivity in liver cancer treatment.
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Transportadores de Cassetes de Ligação de ATP/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Óleo Etiodado/farmacologia , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/metabolismo , Metaloproteinase 2 da Matriz/metabolismo , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/metabolismo , Antígeno Nuclear de Célula em Proliferação/metabolismo , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/metabolismo , Animais , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Múltiplos Medicamentos/genética , Óleo Etiodado/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Hepáticas Experimentais/tratamento farmacológico , Metástase Neoplásica , CoelhosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Uterine arteriovenous malformation is a rare but potential life-threatening source of bleeding. A high index of suspicion and accurate diagnosis of the condition in a timely manor are essential because instrumentation that is often used for other sources of uterine bleeding can be lead to massive hemorrhage. CASE: We describe here a case of uterine arteriovenous malformation. A 32-year-old woman presented abnormal vaginal bleeding following the induced abortion. A diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformation made on the basis of Doppler ultrasonraphy was confirmed through pelvic angiography. The embolization of bilateral uterine arteries was performed successfully. CONCLUSION: Uterine arteriovenous malformation should be suspected in patient with abnormal vaginal bleeding, especially who had the past medical history incluing cesarean section, induced abortion, or Dillation and Curethage and so on. Although angiography remains the gold standard, Doppler ultrasonography is also a good noninvasive technique. The transcatheter uterine artery embolization offers a safe and effective treatment.
RESUMO
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Salvia miltiorrhiza and Panax notoginseng are popularly used traditional Chinese medicine for cardiovascular disorders and they are often used in the form of combination. However, mechanisms of their cardioprotective effects were still not clear. In the present study, the protective effects of salvianolic acids (SA), notoginsengnosides (NG) and combination of SA and NG (CSN) against rat cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury were checked and the protein expression profiles of heart tissues were examined to search their possible protein targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cardioprotective effects of SA, NG and CSN were checked in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) by temporarily occluding coronary artery for 20 min followed by reperfusion. Rats were grouped into sham-operation group, IR group, IR+SA group, IR+NG group and IR+CSN group. The plasma creatine kinase (CK) activities were measured using commercial kit and the percentages of infarcted area in total ventricle tissue were calculated after nitroblue-tetrazolium (N-BT) staining of heart tissue slices. Two-dimensional protein electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to check the protein expression profiles of heart tissues. Then, proteins differentially expressed between IR group and sham-operation group were identified using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS/MS). The regulative effects of SA, NG and CSN on these IR-related proteins were analyzed. RESULTS: Treatments including SA, NG and CSN all showed cardioprotective effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury and CSN exhibited to be the best. Eighteen proteins involved in IR injury were found. These proteins are involved in pathways including energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, muscle contraction, heat shock stress, cell survival and proliferation. The regulation of these proteins by SA, NG or CSN suggested possible protein targets in their cardioprotective effects. CONCLUSIONS: SA and NG showed both similarity and difference in their protein targets involved in cardioprotective effects. The capability of CSN to regulate both protein targets of SA and NG might be the basis of CSN to show cardioprotective effects better than that of SA or NG.
Assuntos
Alcenos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/prevenção & controle , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/prevenção & controle , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Panax notoginseng , Polifenóis/farmacologia , Proteômica , Salvia miltiorrhiza , Saponinas/farmacologia , Alcenos/isolamento & purificação , Animais , Creatina Quinase/sangue , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Eletroforese em Gel Bidimensional , Masculino , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Infarto do Miocárdio/metabolismo , Infarto do Miocárdio/patologia , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/metabolismo , Traumatismo por Reperfusão Miocárdica/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Panax notoginseng/química , Plantas Medicinais , Polifenóis/isolamento & purificação , Proteômica/métodos , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Salvia miltiorrhiza/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Espectrometria de Massas por Ionização e Dessorção a Laser Assistida por Matriz , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) remains one of the most lethal malignancies in the world, often diagnosed at an advanced stage, resistant to conventional chemotherapy and having high invasive and metastatic potential. The mechanism of drug resistance of PDA is still not clear. In the present study, we established two novel pancreatic cancer cell lines PAXC-002 and PAXC-003 from human primary xenograft models. The cell lines were characterized by morphology, karyotype, pancreatic cancer marker and short tandem repeat (STR) analysis, and growth kinetics and tumorigenicity. The in vitro anti-proliferation test revealed that PAXC-002 cell was intrinsically resistant to the standard of care chemotherapy-gemcitabine, compared with that of PAXC-003 and other widely used pancreatic cancer cell lines. Interestingly, the gemcitabine resistant PAXC-002 cell line was more potent in forming colonies in 3-Dimensional matrigel culture conditions and had a higher percentage of CD133 positive cells, which is recognized as a cancer stem cell marker, compared to the gemcitabine-sensitive PAXC-003 cell line. In this study, we present two novel pancreatic cancer cell lines which could be used for gemcitabine resistance investigation, mechanism identification of pancreatic cancer and anticancer drug screening. The preliminary data indicate that the drug resistance of pancreatic carcinoma cells is associated with a cancer stem cell-like phenotype.