Effects of fundamental movement skills on health-related quality of life in Chinese school-age children: the mediating role of physical fitness level.

Background: The primary purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between school-age children's fundamental movement skills (FMS), physical fitness levels, and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL); To explore the mediating role of physical fitness levels between school-age children's FMS and HRQoL. Methods: In the cross-sectional survey in 2021, 334 school-age children aged 6-10 (8.20 ± 1.16) were recruited from primary schools in Jinhua City, Zhejiang Province, China. Test of Gross Motor Development 2 (TGMD-2), National Standards for Students' Physical Health, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory TM Version 4.0 (PedsQL™ 4.0) were used to investigate the FMS, physical fitness level, and HRQoL of school-age children. Hierarchical regression was used to analyze the relationship among FMS, physical fitness levels, and HRQoL. Bootstrap is used to evaluate the mediating role of physical fitness levels in the relationship between FMS and HRQoL. Results: The higher the FMS and physical fitness, the higher the school-age children's HRQoL, physical functioning, social functioning, and school functioning (r = 0.244-0.301, p < 0.01). In addition, developing children's FMS promotes physical fitness levels (r = 0.358, p < 0.01). The regression analysis results of controlling gender, age, and body mass index z (BMI-z) scores showed that FMS significantly positively predicted the physical functioning (ß = 0.319, p < 0.01), social functioning (ß = 0.425, p < 0.01), and school functioning (ß = 0.333, p < 0.01) of school-age children. When the physical fitness level enters the regression equation, the absolute value of the regression coefficient of FMS decreases. However, it can still significantly predict the physical functioning (ß = 0.211, p < 0.01) and school functioning (ß = 0.142, p < 0.05) of school-age children. Simple intermediary analysis shows that physical fitness level plays an intermediary role between FMS, physical functioning (indirect effect = 0.089 [95% Confidence interval (CI) = 0.015,0.195]), and school functioning (indirect effect = 0.065 [95% CI = 0.007,0.150]). Conclusion: This study shows that physical fitness levels mediate the relationship between FMS and HRQoL. Encouraging the development of FMS and promoting physical fitness levels of school-age children can effectively improve the HRQoL of school-age children.

The association between urate-lowering therapies and treatment-related adverse events, liver damage, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE): A network meta-analysis of randomized trials.

PURPOSE: Hyperuricemia is a common disease that may lead to gout, renal damage, and cardiovascular events. Oral medication is the main treatment for hyperuricemia patients when lifestyle intervention fails. An evaluation of the safety of various urate-lowering therapies (ULTs) is integral to clinical decision-making. We constructed a network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the safety of oral ULTs. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to April 1, 2021, for randomized controlled trials that examined the safety of ULTs. The language restriction was English. The three outcomes used to assess the safety of uric acid lowering medications were treatment-related adverse events, liver damage, and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). RESULTS: Thirty-two trials enrolling 23,868 individuals were included in the study. In terms of treatment-related adverse events, there were no statistically significant differences between five uric acid lowering medications and placebo: allopurinol (risk ratio (RR): 1.08; 95% credible interval (CrI): 0.91, 1.29), febuxostat (RR: 1.05; 95% CrI: 0.89, 1.25), lesinurad (RR: 1.19; 95% CrI: 0.85, 1.67), lesinurad combined with xanthine oxidase inhibitor (XOI, RR: 1.05; 95% CrI: 0.83, 1.32), and topiroxostat (RR: 1.01; 95% CrI: 0.83, 1.23). Topiroxostat likely increases risk of liver damage (RR: 2.65; 95%CI: 1.24, 5.70; NNH: 33.40) as compared with placebo. With regard to MACE, there were no statistically significant differences between three uric acid lowering medications and placebo: allopurinol (RR: 0.63; 95% CrI: 0.36, 1.34), febuxostat (RR: 0.69; 95% CrI: 0.38, 1.66), and lesinurad combined with XOI (RR: 0.56; 95% CrI: 0.23, 1.85). The rankings of different interventions were depicted by cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). CONCLUSIONS: Through NMA, we provide some evidence for the safety of ULTs. We found no statistically significant differences in their effects on treatment-related adverse events and MACE. However, topiroxostat likely increases the risk of liver damage.

Sertraline/ICG-loaded liposome for dual-modality imaging and effective chemo-photothermal combination therapy against metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

A large number of chemotherapeutic drugs, utilized in the treatment of advanced metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, are typically prone to poor biocompatibility, lack of targeting specificity, and high toxicity, which mostly leads to unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. As a new drug delivery pathway, nanoliposomes have the advantages of simplifying metabolism, reducing drug side-effects, and providing specific targeting, which can potentially improve the therapeutic effect toward tumor therapy. In this study, a clinically integrated nanoliposome containing Sertraline Hydrochloride and indocyanine green (ICG), here named as Ser/ICG@Lip, was successfully synthesized by film-dispersion and hydration-sonication methods. The photoacoustic imaging and near-infrared fluorescence imaging capabilities of this novel nanoliposome were validated in vitro. The high encapsulation rate of Sertraline Hydrochloride and ICG ensured the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the particle. Moreover, our results suggest that chemo-photothermal combination therapy can be more effective than single photothermal or chemotherapy treatments against malignant tumor cells. This is the first study introducing Sertraline Hydrochloride as a liposome-encapsulated chemotherapeutic agent, containing photothermal capabilities, for the treatment of metastatic renal clear cell cancer cells. This novel drug system has potential to evolve into an alternate treatment method for metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.