[Clinical results of amniotic membrane transplantation in Miyata Eye Hospital according to surgical methods].

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical results of amniotic membrane transplantation according to three methods : graft, patching, and stuffing. SUBJECT AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 65 patients(65 eyes) who received amniotic membrane transplantation by the three methods, graft, patching or stuffing during the period of March 1998 to May 2003 in the Miyata Eye Hospital. Application of surgery was determined as follows : graft with limbal transplantation for limbal dysfunction, patching for prolonged epithelial defect, and stuffing for corneal perforation. The criteria of success were defined as corneal and conjunctival epithelialization and prevention of invasion of proliferative tissues beyond the limbus for graft, corneal epithelialization for patching, and occlusion of perforated cornea at first use for stuffing, respectively.

Ruthenium complexes carrying a disialo complex-type oligosaccharide: enzymatic synthesis and its application to a luminescent probe to detect influenza viruses.

Tris-bipyridine ruthenium-complexes carrying a disialo complex-type oligosaccharide were prepared via a one-pot transglycosylation using endo-glycosidase (Endo M); they bind to type-A influenza viruses with excellent affinity (IC50 = 8.4 microM), and their luminescence intensity is strongly depressed by virus-binding.

Artificial metalloglycoclusters: compact saccharide shell to induce high lectin affinity as well as strong luminescence.

Tris-bipyridine ferrous and ruthenium complexes carrying various saccharide appendages have been investigated to develop sensory systems for monitoring saccharide-binding phenomena. Ferrous O-glycoclusters having spacer moieties inserted between saccharide appendages and the complex core showed enhanced affinities to lectins, but ferrous N-glycoclusters, in which the saccharide-appendages are directly linked to the complex core via amide linkage, had low lectin-affinities. Molecular dynamics calculation indicated that the O-glycoclusters have flexible and densely packed saccharide clusters, in contrast to the octahedrally fixed saccharide arrays of N-glycoclusters. Flexibility of saccharide clusters is essential for their enhanced affinity, probably to induce conformational change to fit the recognition sites of lectins. According to these insights, ruthenium O-glycoclusters have been designed as luminescence biosensors. The ruthenium complexes carrying alpha-manno clusters exhibited excellent affinities (IC(min) = 9.0 x 10(-)(8) M) to concanavalin A (ConA). It is suggested from conformational analysis that densely packed mannoclusters can be fit properly to the recognition site of ConA. The binding was enthalpicaly driven (deltaH degrees = -21.8 kcal/mol). This binding behavior is quite similar to that of 1-3/1-6 trimannoside to ConA. They have strongly amplified luminescence (Phi(em) = 0.15), and their luminescence intensities were changed (approximately 40%) upon binding to the specific lectins. The ruthenium glycoclusters can be a suitable sensory system for saccharide-binding phenomena.