Clinical and functional outcome of traumatic osteochondral fracture in adolescent patella.

The objective of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to assess the functional outcomes of adolescents who had undergone internal fixation for patellar post-traumatic OCD fracture from 2019-2021. The injury mechanism was divided into two categories: a) torsional mechanism and b) direct contact injury. All candidates underwent X-ray and MRI/CT scan prior to the surgery to confirm the diagnosis. Operative treatment was open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of osteochondral fragment using headless screws. All patients were assessed pre-operatively with knee-ROM/IKDC (International Knee Documentation committee) score and satisfaction score, and postoperatively at one year follow-up. Fourteen patients were selected, with the mean age of 16.1±3.2 years. On one-year follow-up, no difference was noted in ROM when compared to the unaffected limb. The mean satisfaction score was 86±6.3 %. The mean pre-operative-IKDC score was 47.6±5.8 out of 100, whereas on one-year follow-up it was 88.6±2.2 which was statistically significant (p<0.05). Excellent outcomes can be achieved with headless screws for urgent ORIF (next elective list) of the osteochondral fragment.

Knowledge, attitude, and perceptions about cancer genetic testing in clinical practice in Karachi, Pakistan.

Healthcare professionals (HCP) play an important role in the practical application of genetic screening tests but often feel inadequately prepared for cancer genetic testing (CGT) in clinical care. As the complexity of gene-related malignancies increases, it demands HCPs' preparedness to cater to patients' needs. Therefore, the aim of our study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCPs in Pakistan regarding the application of cancer genetics. Our cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 2022 to June 2022 amongst HCPs at a private and a governmental institution in Karachi, Pakistan. Non-probability random convenience sampling was used to select the population; however. non-clinical HCPs, as well as Interns, were excluded from our study. A total of 210 HCPs, 56.7% (119) bearing an experience of over 5 years of clinical experience, were included in this study. Most respondents from both hospitals deemed their knowledge inadequate, with only 2% (2) and 1.8% (2) being extremely knowledgeable, respectively. 68.6% (144) HCPs displayed a positive attitude towards CGT, with 55.2% (116) participants perceiving CGT in a positive light. As compared to the private sector, significantly more HCPs in the public sector dedicated ≥ 5 h/week for CME (P = 0.006), and were better prepared to counsel patients (P = 0.021) and interpret results concerning CGT (P = 0.020). Additionally, screening tests for specific cancer types were popularly considered a worthwhile avenue of investment to improve the current state of CGT in our healthcare system [47.6% (N = 100)]. Demonstrating a lack of knowledge among Pakistani doctors, our results call upon the need for additional training concerning CGT in both the public and private sectors alike. Understanding specific gaps in knowledge may further help enhance post-graduate training programs and eventually lead to effective incorporation of CGT into our healthcare setting.