The impact of physical activity on progression-free and overall survival in metastatic breast cancer based on molecular subtype.

BACKGROUND: Although adequate physical activity has been shown to be beneficial in early breast cancer, evidence in metastatic breast cancer is sparse and contradictory, which could be related to distinct effects of physical activity on the different molecular cancer subtypes. Therefore, we here evaluated the effect of physical activity on progression-free and overall survival (PFS, OS) in metastatic breast cancer, specifically looking at molecular subtypes. METHODS: International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) questionnaires, filled out by patients enrolled in the prospective PRAEGNANT registry (NCT02338167; n = 1,270) were used to calculate metabolic equivalent task (MET) minutes, which were subsequently categorized into low (n = 138), moderate (n = 995) or high IPAQ categories (n = 137). Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the impact of IPAQ categories and its interaction with molecular subtypes on PFS and OS. RESULTS: Patient and tumor characteristics were equally distributed across IPAQ categories. HER2pos, HRpos and TNBC were present in 23.1%, 65.7% and 11.2% of patients, respectively. IPAQ scores did not have an impact on PFS and OS in addition to established prognostic factors, either overall or in particular molecular subtypes (PFS: p = 0.33 and OS: p = 0.08, likelihood ratio test). Exploratory analyses showed higher overall survival rates for high IPAQ categories compared to low/moderate IPAQ categories in luminal B-like breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported physical activity using the IPAQ questionnaire did not significantly affect PFS or OS in patients suffering from metastatic breast cancer. Nevertheless, some hypothesis-generating differences between molecular subtypes could be observed, which may be interesting to evaluate further.

Physical activity in relation to metabolic health and obesity: The Feel4Diabetes study.

AIM: To examine physical activity levels in association with metabolic health and estimate the stability of metabolically healthy obese (MHO) phenotypes over a 2-year period. METHODS: In total, 2848 men and women from families at risk of the development of diabetes were recruited. Participants were classified as obese or non-obese and metabolic health was defined using five existing definitions. Physical activity was estimated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and pedometers. RESULTS: Prevalence of the MHO phenotype varied among definitions (0% to 20.2%). Overall, the MHO were more active than the metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Daily sitting hours (odds ratio [OR] = 1.055, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.009-1.104) and daily steps (per 500; OR = 0.934, 95% CI: 0.896-0.973) were remarkable predictors of metabolic health in individuals with obesity; and likewise, in individuals without obesity. After 2 years, 44.1% of baseline MHO adults transitioned to MUO, while 84.0% of the MUO at baseline remained at the same phenotype. Although physical activity was not a major determinant in phenotype transitioning, daily steps were associated with the maintenance of metabolic health over time in the non-obese group. CONCLUSION: A universally accepted definition for MHO is needed. Being physically active can contribute to a metabolically healthy profile even in the presence of obesity; still, MHO is a transient condition and physical activity alone may not be an adequate factor for its maintenance.

Investigation of a practical assessment index to capture the clinical presentation of cachexia in patients with lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Cancer cachexia constitutes a poor prognostic factor in patients with lung cancer. However, the factors associated with cancer cachexia remain unclear. This study aimed to identify factors that influence cancer cachexia in patients with lung cancer. METHODS: In this retrospective observational study conducted at the Kansai Medical University, 76 patients with lung cancer were evaluated for physical function, nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form) and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form) at the first visit to the rehabilitation outpatient clinic. The patients were divided into cachexia and noncachexia groups. The log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards model were used to investigate the relationship between cachexia and prognosis. To examine the factors that influence cachexia, multivariate regression analysis with significant (P < 0.05) variables in the univariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to investigate the association between International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and performance status. RESULTS: Overall, 42 patients (55.2%) had cachexia associated with survival time since their first visit to the outpatient rehabilitation clinic, even after confounders adjustment (hazard ratio: 3.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.12-9.45, P = 0.031). In the multivariate analysis, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (odds ratio: 20.34, 95% confidence interval: 4.18-99.02, P < 0.001) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (odds ratio: 4.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.20-17.89, P = 0.026) were identified as independent factors for cachexia. There was no correlation between International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form and performance status (r = 0.155, P = 0.181). CONCLUSION: Malnutrition and low physical activity were associated with cachexia in patients with lung cancer. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form may be a useful indicator of physical activity in cachexia. Regularly assessing these factors and identifying suitable interventions for cachexia remain challenges to be addressed in the future.

The association between physical activity and quality of life among people aged 60-89 living in own homes and nursing homes.

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to obtain a response to the question of whether and how physical activity (PA) among people aged 60-89 years impacts quality of life and other sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age and place of living). METHODS: Among 341 respondents aged 60 to 89, including 273 women (80%) and 68 men (20%) successfully completed IPAQ and WHOQOL AGE questionnaires. In the study were used International Physical Activity Questionnaire - IPAQ and World Health Organization Quality Of Life - Age - WHOQOL-AGE in Polish version. RESULTS: The average total physical activity, including vigorous-intensity physical effort, moderate-intensity physical effort and walking amounts to 1381.87 ± 1978.60 MET-min/week. The average quality of life for the whole group of older people as evaluated with WHOQOL AGE scale was 64.79 (SD = 14.76; min:18.77-max: 98.07). Statistical analysis between physical activity and life quality proved significant dependence for the global life quality rating (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Our research has shown that PA improves quality of life among older people. Higher scores of quality of life were obtained in the F1 subscale (satisfaction) than in the F2 subscale (meeting expectations) in both age groups. Age significantly affects quality of life for older people.

An exploration into self-reported inactivity behaviours of adults with an intellectual disability using physical activity questionnaires.

BACKGROUND: Inactivity is a correlate of adverse health. Adults with an intellectual disability (ID) are more inactive than the general population and often present with more complex health issues. Self-reported activity questionnaires such as the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity (RAPA) questionnaire are the predominant source of activity information because of their low cost, non-invasive nature, ease of administration and interpretation of results. METHODS: Correlates of inactivity among the general and ID populations were identified through a literature scoping review. Inactivity was measured using the RAPA and the IPAQ-SF. A multiple-imputation chained equation was used to impute missing data. Using Pearson chi-squared analyses, relationships between these correlates as well as covariates of age, sex, level of ID, body mass index (BMI) and aetiology, and RAPA and IPAQ-SF categories were explored. Logistic regression provided more detailed analyses. Results were summarised using the Systems of Sedentary Behaviour framework. Spearman correlations examined the IPAQ-SF and RAPA relationships. RESULTS: Three correlates for inactivity emerged from the IPAQ-SF and RAPA questionnaire. Up after 07:00 h was a correlate for both. Difficulty walking 100 yards and epilepsy were additional correlates of inactivity. Weak but significant correlations were seen between IPAQ-SF and RAPA scores. CONCLUSIONS: High inactivity levels are present in adults with an ID. The IPAQ-SF and RAPA questionnaires are weakly correlated.

Physical Activity and Health of Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Across the COVID-19 Pandemic: Differential Outcomes Highlight a Problematic Life Stage.

INTRODUCTION: COVID-19 caused major disruptions across the super-aged nation of Japan, yet few studies explored temporal changes among middle-aged and older cohorts from baseline to the height of community transmission. Changes in physical activity and sedentary behavior during global pandemics may alter patterns of morbidity and mortality among susceptible aging populations. OBJECTIVES: This study investigated patterns of physical activity, sitting behavior, and health among representative samples of middle-aged and older adults in Tokyo before and during the pandemic. METHODS: Repeated online surveys were conducted with quota samples of 800 Tokyo residents in 2019 and 2021 using validated Japanese-language measures, including the short form-International Physical Activity Questionnaire and the Basic Ecological Health Scale-6. Statistical analyses included comparative evaluations of activity parameters by age cohort, gender, and selected covariates. Statistical tests included the Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test for Independence and Hierarchical Regression. RESULTS: Over 34% of respondents were inactive at each data collection point, and 72% reported negative impacts of COVID-19 on their physical activities. Older adults showed no significant changes in their activity and sitting behavior and reported better health compared with those in middle age across the pandemic. Middle-aged males reported a significant decline in total activity of 33% across the pandemic period (U = 16,958, z = -2.64, p = .008, r = .13). Middle-aged females reported the lowest levels of physical activity, and health, and showed a 29% increase in sitting behavior across the pandemic (U = 16,925, z = -2.68, p = .007, r = .13). Subjective health status was consistently associated with higher overall activity and walking before and during the pandemic. CONCLUSION: Differential outcomes were identified between age and gender regarding health, physical activity, walking, and sitting across the pandemic with significantly worse impacts reported among middle-aged samples. IMPLICATIONS: These results have implications for healthy transitions to later life and the design of postpandemic interventions to address activity opportunities in Japan.

Profiling the patient with inflammatory bowel disease in the relationship between physical activity and partner/social network status: A post hoc patient-tailored analysis of the "BE-FIT-IBD" study.

INTRODUCTION: Normal quality of life is an ultimate target in the therapeutic approach to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in the context of which regular physical activity (PA) is often a chimeric parameter that is not standardized in terms of quality/quantity. The study aimed to profile a sample of IBD patients about the relationship between PA-partner status and social network support. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A post hoc analysis of the "BE-FIT-IBD" study was set up by stratifying the data of PA with that of partner status and the support that the patient's social network (i.e., relatives, friends) provided in inciting the patient to practice regular PA. RESULTS: In the 219 patients included, there was a greater tendency for patients with stable partners to view the risk of reactivation/worsening of IBD as a barrier to conducting regular PA (p<0.0001). Single patients considered PA more as a protective factor (p=0.045). Patients without a PA-supporting social network retained IBD-related treatment as a PA barrier (p=0.016) and PA as a risk for IBD complications (p=0.01), with less confidence that PA could improve the course of IBD (p<0.001). Rectal syndrome was an IBD-related barrier more represented in patients with PA-deterring social network (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: These factors are potential targets for recovering the IBD patient's adherence to regular PA.

Validity and reliability of the Arabic sedentary behavior questionnaire among university students aged between 18-30 years old.

PURPOSE: The study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Arabic version of the sedentary behavior questionnaire (SBQ). METHODS: A total of 624 university students (273 males; 351 females, mean age = 20.8 years) were recruited from Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia. For criterion and constructive validity (n = 352), the Arabic SBQ was compared with total sitting time from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-long form (IPAQ-LF). For concurrent validity, the English and Arabic SBQ versions were given concurrently to bilingual university students (n = 122) once. For test-retest reliability, the Arabic SBQ was given twice to participants (n = 150) at a one-week interval. RESULTS: Sitting time of IPAQ-SF (7th question: sitting time on weekdays) and IPAQ-LF (21st question: sitting time on weekdays and 22nd question: sitting time on weekends) correlated significantly with total sitting time/week of the Arabic SBQ (r = 0.29, p = 0.003; r = 0.14, p = 0.02, respectively). Motorized transportation measured with the IPAQ-LF correlated significantly with time spent driving in a car, bus, or train from the Arabic SBQ on weekdays and weekends (r = 0.53, p < 0.001; r = 0.44 p < 0.001, respectively). The total sitting time of the Arabic SBQ was inversely correlated with BMI (r = -0.18, p = 0.001). The correlations between the Arabic and the English SBQ versions ranged from 0.25-0.96; p < 0.001 on weekdays and 0.50-0.90; p < 0.001 on weekends. Moderate to good reliability was also found between test and retest for all SBQ items and total score during weekdays (0.72 to 0.8), and weekends (0.64 to 0.87), with exception of the 7th item "play musical instrument", ICC = 0.46). Mean difference of test-retest of the Arabic SBQ was not significantly different from zero for the total sitting time of the Arabic SBQ (t = -0.715, P = 0.476). CONCLUSION: The Arabic SBQ had satisfactory levels of reliability, with total sitting time of the Arabic SBQ correlating significantly with sitting times derived from IPAQ-SF, IPAQ-LF, and the English SBQ versions. Hence, the Arabic SBQ can be used as a tool to measure sedentary behavior among adult Arabs aged between 18 to 30 years old in future epidemiologic and clinical practice.

Do Surgeons Accurately Predict Level of Activity in Patients With Distal Radius Fractures?

PURPOSE: One factor influencing the management of distal radius fractures is the functional status of the patient. The purpose of this study was to assess the agreement between patient and surgeon assessments of patient activity level in patients sustaining a distal radius fracture. METHODS: Ninety-seven patients were included, with a mean age of 58.5 years (range, 18-92 years). Patients completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, a validated survey that provides a score of low, moderate, or high activity levels. Treating surgeons provided an independent assessment using the same scale. Agreement between patient and surgeon assessments was evaluated using a weighted kappa-statistic, with a secondary analysis using logistic regression models to assess odds of surgical treatment. RESULTS: Interrater agreement between surgeons and patients demonstrated only "fair" agreement, with a kappa-statistic of 0.33. Predictive models showed that surgeons accurately identified 73% of "high activity" patients but failed to correctly identify more than 41% of patients rated as "moderate activity" or "low activity." There was a correlation between surgical intervention and increasing physical activity status as assessed by the surgeon; however, the magnitude of this effect was unclear (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-4.30). This relationship was no longer significant after adjusting for age, Charlson comorbidity index, and fracture class. There was no association between surgical intervention and physical activity status when using the status provided by the patient. CONCLUSIONS: Surgeon assessment of patient activity level does not have strong agreement with patients' independent assessment. Surgeons are most accurate at identifying "high activity level" patients but lack the ability to identify "moderate activity level" or "low activity level" patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Recognition of surgeon assessment of patient activity level as flawed can stimulate improved dialog between patients and physicians, ultimately improving the shared decision-making process.

Physical activity and sperm quality: influence in sperm donors.

PURPOSE: To ascertain whether physical activity (PA) is associated with better sperm quality in sperm donors. METHODS: A prospective case-control study was designed in an IVF center setting. A total of 207 sperm donation candidates from a relatively small geographical area were included in the study with no intervention. Donor candidates were subjected to conventional sperm analysis according to WHO criteria. Moreover, they answered a standardized questionnaire regarding their last week PA (IPAQ), with PA expressed in metabolic equivalents (METs)-min/week. Donors were classified into 4 groups: low, moderate, high and very high PA. Specific sports were included in the questionnaire. Semen samples from 43 accepted donors were used in artificial insemination by donor (AID) and IVF. The fertilization rates (FR) and pregnancy rates (PR) were studied. RESULTS: Semen volume, sperm concentration, progressive spermatozoa, non-progressive spermatozoa, total motile progressive spermatozoa and sperm morphology were similar in the four PA groups. No correlation between various semen parameters studied and METs was found. Running or cycling > 1 h/week did not influence sperm parameters. The AID PR was similar in the different PA groups. However, in IVF the mean donor FR was significantly higher in the high PA group and in the very high PA group. CONCLUSIONS: No detrimental effect was associated with PA, or even very high PA, regarding conventional sperm parameters. Moreover, a better FR was associated with high and very high PA in IVF cycles, which merits more studies.

Dose-Response Associations of Physical Activity and Sitting Time with All-Cause Mortality in Older Japanese Adults.

PURPOSE: Although examining the dose-response curves of physical activity (PA) and sitting time with health-related outcomes is an important research agenda, the results for older Japanese adults are extremely limited. We examined the dose-response associations of PA and sitting time with all-cause mortality among older Japanese. METHODS: Initially, 8,069 non-disabled residents (4,073 men; 3,996 women) aged 65-84 years of Ota City, Japan, were recruited. Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and sitting time were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MVPA and sitting time for all-cause mortality were calculated, and the dose-response curves were examined using restricted cubic splines (RCS). RESULTS: During 4.1 years of follow-up, 458 participants (5.7%; 331 men and 127 women) died. Compared with the low MVPA (<600 metabolic equivalents [METs]·minutes/week) group, HR for mortality gradually reduced in moderate (600-3000 METs·minutes/week) and high (>3000 METs·minutes/week) MVPA groups (moderate: HR 0.66; 95% CI, 0.54-0.82; high: HR 0.58; 95% CI, 0.45-0.75; P <0.001 for trend). RCS showed that the HR for mortality reduced linearly up to approximately 2000 METs·minutes/week of MVPA, and maximal risk reduction was seen at approximately 3000-4500 METs·minutes/week of MVPA. No significant dose-response association of sitting time with mortality was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Higher MVPA levels reduced all-cause mortality risk, in a significant inverse non-linear dose-response manner. Sitting time was not significantly associated with all-cause mortality. It is important to disseminate the significance of even a slight increase in the MVPA.

Assessment of physical activity and its facilitators and barriers among Syrian refugees living in Amman City, Jordan: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is one of the major risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Few studies about physical activity have been conducted among refugees from neighbouring countries. Given changes in the situation of Syrians, assessment of physical activity among Syrian refugees is required to understand their situation. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of self-reported physical activity and to identify perceived facilitators of and barriers to physical activity among Syrian refugees living in Amman, Jordan, in 2017. METHODS: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants were eligible for the study if they were Syrian refugees aged 18-64 years, living in Amman city, and were either registered with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, waiting for their registration, or had a service card issued by the Jordanian Ministry of Interior. The relationship between physical activity level and sex was assessed using the chi-square test and Cochran-Armitage tests. The Mann-Whitney U test was performed to assess the relationship between the median metabolic equivalent scores of physical activity and gender. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the association between predictors of physical inactivity and physical activity level. RESULTS: Among the 173 participants, the majority (91.9%) reported moderate to a high level of physical activity, and 8.1% were physically inactive. The metabolic equivalent scores for the walking activity of males (median: 1039.5, IQR: 0, 2772) was significantly higher than that of females (median: 396, IQR: 0, 1188) (p < 0.01). "Perceived change in the amount of physical activity" was a significant predictor of physical inactivity (adjusted OR = 3.00; 95%CI: 1.27-7.26). Common facilitators of physical activity were "psychological wellbeing"(49.7%) and "prevent diseases"(46.8%). The greatest barriers to physical activity were "time limitation"(43.4%) and "high cost"(57.8%). CONCLUSION: This study revealed the physical activity level among Syrian refugees in Amman. The perceived facilitators and barriers to physical activity identified among Syrian refugees were similar to those in previous studies conducted among non-refugees. These results provide a valuable baseline for future examinations of physical activity level and to verify its possible facilitators and barriers.

Stress and physical activity level during COVID-19 pandemic in medical students from Medical University in Katowice.

INTRODUCTION: Students of medical faculties are exposed to greater stress than students of other faculties. In addition, remote learning during the COVID-19 pandemic changed the way and quality of life for most people. AIM: The aim of the study was to assess the level of stress among medical students during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. The second purpose was to find out if the level of physical activity had an impact on the stress level of students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 248 students of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice participated in the study. The research tool was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). RESULTS: The stress level was significantly higher during the pandemic (p <0.001) than before (17.07 vs 23.17, respectively). Before the pandemic, students with higher levels of physical activity were characterized by lower levels of stress (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The COVID-19 pandemic caused an increase in stress among medical students. In light of the spread of the virus, it makes sense to continue research with a wider group to investigate the specific relationship between physical activity and stress, and other methods and strategies of coping with stress which could serve as guidelines and recommendations for students.

The effect of a video-supported assessment to increase the accuracy of self-reported physical activity.

Self-reported physical activity differs from activity levels measured by device. We tested the effect of a video that visualizes the intensity levels of physical activity to increase the agreement between self-reported and accelerometer-based moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) within a single-blinded, randomized study. Participants (N = 378, 40-75 years) wore an accelerometer for seven days. Prior to the collection of self-reported data by the IPAQ-SF, participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to a control group (CG) or a video group (VG). The outcome was the absolute difference between self-reported and accelerometer-based time spent in MVPA (Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry ). To examine the agreement, we used Spearman correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis. To test the video effect, we used Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Bayes factor, and simultaneous-quantile regression. In total, 302 participants fulfilled the accelerometer wear time criteria (≥10 hours/day; ≥6 days) and completed self-reports within three days after the wearing period. The median of Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry was -9.0 min/day (IQR: -32.0 to 66.6) for CG and -11.5 min/day (IQR: -29.9 to 14.3) for VG. Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed no differences in Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry between study groups whereas Bayes factor indicated insensitivity of the data. Simultaneous-quantile regression revealed no relationship between video presentation and Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry in the 25th percentile. In the 50th (b = -12.4 [95% CI = -23.2 to -1.5] and 75th percentile (b = -45.7 [95% CI = -70.5 to -20.9]), Δ MVPAIPAQ-Accelerometry was negatively associated with video presentation. To conclude, video-supported assessment may increase the accuracy of self-reported MVPA among individuals who slightly underestimated and those who overestimated their MVPA.

Insufficient physical activity level among Sahrawi adults living in a protracted refugee setting.

BACKGROUND: The Sahrawi people fled their homes in 1975 as the conflict in Western Sahara escalated and settled down near Tindouf, Algeria, where they still live. High prevalence of overweight and obesity and type 2 diabetes had been found in this protracted refugee setting. Scaling up national policy efforts to promote physical activity (PA) is critical to reducing the prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the near future. One possible barrier to the inclusion of PA in NCD prevention strategies is the lack of research on PA level, which may reduce political support and policy development for PA. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the PA level among adults living in Sahrawi refugee camps and socioeconomic factors associated with PA. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 2014 in five refugee camps near Tindouf, Algeria. A total of 180 women and 175 men were included. PA was measured using the international physical activity questionnaire short form (IPAQ-SF). RESULTS: There was a large amount of variance in reported PA for both genders, ranging from 10 min of total PA per week to above 40 h. Forty-three percent of the participants had a low PA level (defined as not meeting the PA recommendations of 150 min of moderate to vigorous PA per day). The chi-square test of independence showed that males, those aged ≥ 60 years and people with higher education were more likely to be in the low PA level category. No significant relationship was found between PA level and BMI status. Most of the participants thought that engaging in PA would be wise, valuable, right and good but thought to a lesser degree that PA would be easy, comfortable and interesting. CONCLUSIONS: Almost half of the participants were categorised as insufficiently physically active, however, most of the Sahrawi refugees express a positive attitude towards PA. PA is a low-cost approach to reducing deaths and NCDs, government initiatives to increase PA levels in refugee camps are advised.

Criterion validity and reliability of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - Hungarian short form against the RM42 accelerometer.

BACKGROUND: Physical inactivity is a global phenomenon in European welfare countries. Proper monitoring is essential to measure the physical activity level of the population. METHODS: In the Hungarian cohort of the European Physical Activity and Sport Monitoring System (EUPASMOS) project, our participants (N = 598) completed sociodemographic questions and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form (IPAQ-SF) survey. The validity and reliability of the subjective measurement tool were examined, IPAQ-SF outcomes were contrasted against triaxial RM42 accelerometer wore for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS: The IPAQ-SF showed moderate internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha = 0.647). The concurrent validity of the IPAQ-SF to triaxial accelerometer indicated a significant weak-to-moderate correlation (R = 0.111-0.338, p = 0.042; p < 0.001). The test-retest reliability showed a significant correlation between two measurements (R = 0.788-0.981, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The Hungarian version of the IPAQ-SF had excellent test-retest reliability, but low-to-fair concurrent validity for moderate and vigorous physical activity, walking and sitting time, as compared to the objective criterion measure among Hungarian adults.

Gender differences in the association between physical activity and health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elders.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity can improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults. However, the differential effects of gender on quality of life are unclear. AIMS: To determine the association between physical activity and HRQoL in men and women. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from March to August 2011. Community-dwelling older people aged 65 years or older were eligible. Physical activity in kcal per week was measured with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)-Taiwan version. HRQoL was measured with the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire. Cognitive function and depression were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). The relationship between physical activity and HRQoL in men and women was investigated by a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS: A total of 188 older people (M: 50.5%) participated in this study. The mean ages of men and women were 71.9 ± 5.3 and 77.1 ± 6.4 years, respectively (p < 0.001). Older women had higher physical activity levels than men (4786.1 ± 1065.6 vs 4422.2 ± 1114.3 kcal/week, p = 0.023). After adjusting for covariates, multiple linear regression analysis showed that older men with higher physical activity levels had better scores on both the physical component summary (PCS) (p = 0.031) and mental component summary (MCS) (p = 0.007) than men with lower levels. Furthermore, older men with higher moderate-vigorous physical activity levels had better scores on the PCS than older men with lower activity levels, and older men with higher walking physical activity levels had better scores on the MCS than older men with lower activity levels. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, older women were more physically active than older men. However, older men (but not older women) with higher physical activity had better HRQoL. The association between physical activity and HRQoL differed between men and women.

Criterion validity of The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) for use in clinical practice in patients with osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: To tailor physical activity treatment programs for patients with osteoarthritis, clinicians need valid and feasible measurement tools to evaluate habitual physical activity. The widely used International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) is not previously validated in patients with osteoarthritis. PURPOSE: To assess the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF in patients with osteoarthritis, using an accelerometer as a criterion-method. METHOD: Patients with osteoarthritis (n = 115) were recruited at The Division of Rheumatology and Research at Diakonhjemmet Hospital (Oslo, Norway). Physical activity was measured by patients wearing an accelerometer (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT) for seven consecutive days, followed by reporting their physical activity for the past 7 days using the IPAQ-SF. Comparison of proportions that fulfilled physical activity recommendations as measured by the two methods were tested by Pearson Chi-Square analysis. Differences in physical activity levels between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer were analyzed with Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test and Spearman rank correlation test. Bland-Altman plots were used to visualize the concurrent criterion validity for total- and intensity-specific physical activity levels. RESULTS: In total, 93 patients provided complete physical activity data, mean (SD) age was 65 (8.7) years, 87% were women. According to the IPAQ-SF, 57% of the patients fulfilled the minimum physical activity recommendations compared to 31% according to the accelerometer (p = 0.043). When comparing the IPAQ-SF to the accelerometer we found significant under-reporting of total physical activity MET-minutes (p = < 0.001), sitting (p = < 0.001) and walking (p < 0.001), and significant over-reporting of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (p < 0.001). For the different physical activity levels, correlations between the IPAQ-SF and the accelerometer ranged from rho 0.106 to 0.462. The Bland-Altman plots indicated an increased divergence between the two methods with increasing time spent on moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity. CONCLUSION: Physical activity is a core treatment of osteoarthritis. Our finding that patients tend to over-report activity of higher intensity and under-report low-intensity activity and sitting-time is of clinical importance. We conclude that the concurrent criterion validity of the IPAQ-SF was weak in patients with osteoarthritis.

Association between Self-Reported and Accelerometer-Based Estimates of Physical Activity in Portuguese Older Adults.

Accurate assessment of physical activity (PA) is crucial in interventions promoting it and in studies exploring its association with health status. Currently, there is a wide range of assessment tools available, including subjective and objective measures. This study compared accelerometer-based estimates of PA with self-report PA data in older adults. Additionally, the associations between PA and health outcomes and PA profiles were analyzed. Participants (n = 110) wore a Xiaomi Mi Band 2® for fifteen consecutive days. Self-reported PA was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and the Yale Physical Activity Survey (YPAS). The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to compare self-reported and accelerometer-measured PA and associations between PA and health. Bland-Altman plots were performed to assess the agreement between methods. Results highlight a large variation between self-reported and Xiaomi Mi Band 2® estimates, with poor general agreement. The highest difference was found for sedentary time. Low positive correlations were observed for IPAQ estimates (sedentary, vigorous, and total PA) and moderate for YPAS vigorous estimates. Finally, self-reported and objectively measured PA associated differently with health outcomes. Summarily, although accelerometry has the advantage of being an accurate method, self-report questionnaires could provide valuable information about the context of the activity.

Concurrent Validity Between Electronically Administered Physical Activity Questionnaires and Objectively Measured Physical Activity in Danish Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

AIM: To investigate the concurrent validity of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-short form (IPAQ-SF) and the Nordic Physical Activity Questionnaire-short (NPAQ-short) when compared with objectively measured daily steps among older adults. METHODS: Spearman's ρ between IPAQ-SF and NPAQ-short and objectively measured steps using Garmin Vivofit 3 physical activity monitors. RESULTS: A total of 54 participants were included. The IPAQ-SF subscales' moderate physical activity (PA), moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA), and sedentary time showed little or no correlation with daily steps. The NPAQ-short subscales' vigorous PA, moderate PA, and MVPA showed little or no correlation. The IPAQ-SF subscales' vigorous PA and walking showed fair correlation. Only the IPAQ-SF metabolic equivalent of task minutes showed moderate to good correlation with daily steps. The IPAQ-SF categories and NPAQ-short categorization of World Health Organization compliance were significantly different, but the magnitudes were small and distributions indicated problems with the categorization. CONCLUSION: The concurrent validity is low, as the scores did not reflect objectively measured daily steps.