[New data on the tachyphylactic properties of sodium nucleinate]. / Novye dannye o takhifailaksicheskikh svoistv nukleinata natriia.

Sodium nucleinate, when injected into mice in combination with killed E. coli or prodigiozan, caused a decrease in side effects produced by the vaccine or polysaccharide. The combined injection of sodium nucleinate and prodigiozan in doses, ineffective if introduced separately, was accompanied by the potentiation of their tachyphylactic action. The use of sodium nucleinate in combination with polyvinylprrolidone (hemodez) prolonged the tachyphylactic action of sodium nucleinate and increased its effectiveness. The proposed principle is supposed to be suitable for decreasing the reactogenicity of bacterial vaccines and polysaccharides.

[Effect of prodigiozan, levamisole and methyluracil on delayed hypersensitivity against a background of immunosuppressor use]. / Vliianie prodigiozana, levamizola i metiluratsila na giperchuvstvitel'nost' zamedlennogo tipa na fone primeneniia immunosupressorov.

Immunostimulants, such as prodigiosan, levamisol and methyluracil, as well as their combinations with imuran, prednisolone or cyclophosphamide were studied for their effect on the delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by dinitrofluorobenzene alcohol solutions applied in challenge doses to the floor of the auricle of mice. It was shown that the immunostimulants did not affect the DTH in intact mice. In mice treated with imuran the DTH was significantly increased only by prodigiosan. Prednisolone used for a prolonged period before and after the sensitization and cyclophosphamide administered 24 hours before the sensitization increased the DTH. According to the literature data it was connected with T-suppressor inhibition. With the use of cyclophosphamide it was also connected with B-suppressor inhibition. Under such conditions the DTH was decreased to the control level by prodigiosan after the use of prednisolone or by levamisol after the use of cyclophosphamide. This was probably associated with increasing of the suppressor effect of the macrophages and activation of the T-suppressor effect by levamisol. Methyluracil had no effect on the DTH.

[Stimulation of nonspecific body resistance in transplantation]. / Stimuliatsiia nespetsificheskoi rezistentnosti organizma pri transplantatsii.

The experiments on mice showed in principle a possibility of using prodigiozan, a stimulant of the host immunobiological reactivity together with immunodepressants in transplantation. Imuran in doses of 25 or 60 mg/kg and prednisolone in doses of 30 or 50 mg/kg were used on alternate days at a rate of 5 injections of every drug per course. Prodigiozan was administered intramuscularly in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg on the 4th and 8th-9th days of the immunodepressant administration. Addition of prodigiozan to the scheme of the combined use of the immunodepressants provided an increase in the survival rate of mice with staphylococcal and coli infections and prolongation of the skin allotransplant rejection time. No effect of prodigiozan on immune depression due to imuran was observed. The results suggest that screening of drugs for the use in transplanthology for prevention of infectious complications in the presence of immunostimulants is advisable among stimulants of the host nonspecific resistance.

[Prodigiozan as an activator of peritoneal macrophages]. / Prodigiozan kak aktivator peritoneal'nykh makrofagov.

The quantitative cytochemical investigation of the prodigiozan effect on the enzymatic activity of the peritoneal macrophages was performed on mice. The drug was administered in a single dose of 150 microgram/kg 24 hours before the specimen collection. Prodigiozan promoted a reliable increase in the activity of the enzymes participating in glycolysis (lactate and cytoplasmic alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenases), hexoso-monophosphatic pathway of glucose oxidation (glucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenase), succinate dehydrogenase, NADP. N-diaphorase and lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and non-specific alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase. The changes indicate that activation of the macrophages is one of the significant mechanisms of increasing the host nonspecific resistance with prodigiozan.

[Effect of gentamycin in combination with prodigiozan on the immunological reactivity of the body]. / Vliianie gentamitsina v sochetanii s prodigiozanom na immunologicheskuiu reaktivnost' organizma.

The effect of gentamicin sulphate and its combination will prodigiozan on antibody formation in experiments and the levels of the immunobiologic reactivity of patients with purulent inflammatory processes was studied with a purpose of developing rational schemes of antibiotic therapy of infectious diseases. A decrease in the titers of the antibodies to Aeromonas and the number of antibody-forming cells in the spleen was noted on repeated administration of gentamicin to albino mice in a dose of 20 mg/kg. This was prevented by the use of prodigiozan in a dose of 500 micrograms/kg once every 4 days. The use of gentamicin in patients with purulent inflammatory diseases in doses of 40 or 80 mg twice a day for 7--10 days had no significant effect on the titers of IgA, IgG, IgM, lysozyme blood serum levels, serum bactericidal activity and absorption activity of the peripheral blood neutrophils. Still, it induced a marked suppression of the neutrophil digestive capacity as compared to the initial levels, especially on administration of gentamicin in a dose of 40 mg twice a day. An increase in the level of IgM and no suppression of the neutrophil digestive capacity were noted after completion of the therapy in the patients treated with gentamicin administered in a dose of 40 mg twice a day and prodigiozan administered in a dose of 50 micrograms once every 4 days. It is recommended to use prodigiozan in combinaed therapy with gentamicin for correction of the changes in the specific and nonspecific protective forces of the host.