Effect of Hydroponic Wheat Sprout on the Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and Lipid Profiles of Broilers

The aim of present study was to understand the dietary effect of hydroponic wheat sprout (WS) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and lipid profiles of broiler chickens. Two independent feeding trials were conducted using Cobb 500 broiler DOC for the period of 0 to 32 days. In the first trail, 264 DOC were allocated into 4 treatments having 3 replications per treatment and 22 birds per replication to find out the suitable inclusion level of WS. In second trial, 384 broiler DOC were allocated into 4 treatments having 6 replications per treatment and 16 birds in each replication to assess the functional quality of WS. In first trial, the body weight (1692.33 g/bird), body weight gain (1644.96 g/bird) and FCR (1.47) were significantly (p<0.05) improved in the birds fed 50 g/kg WS compared to the other dietary groups but feed intake showed no significant (p<0.05) differences. Likewise, in second trial the birds fed commercial feed showed significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight (1649.50 g/bird) and weight gain (1601.88 g/bird) compared to the birds fed 50 g/kg WS. Feed intake and FCR showed no significance differences. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly (p<0.05) lower (85.5 mg/dl and 84.32 mg/dl, respectively) however HDL was higher (111.86 mg/dl) in the birds received 50 g/kg WS. Taken all together, it can be concluded that the inclusion of 50 g/kg WS in broiler had positive effects on growth performance and blood lipid profile in commercial broilers.(AU)

Approaches to reduce lipids: a review of its impacts on in vitro embryo production / Abordagens para reduzir lipídeos: uma revisão sobre seus impactos na produção de embriões in vitro

In vitro embryo production (IVP) has limitations for better outcomes in blastocyst production, cryopreservation efficiency and pregnancy rates. Among the factors impairing IVP, high lipid content in both oocytes and embryos, and consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, have a negative impact in embryo development and further biotechnologies. The present review aims to address techniques and strategies that collaborate to improve embryo development rates through reduction of lipid content either in the oocyte or in the embryo.

A produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE) possui limitações para melhoras na produção de blastocistos, eficiência da criopreservação e taxas de prenhez. Dentre os fatores limitantes à PIVE, o alto conteúdo lipídico tanto em oócitos quanto em embriões e a consequente produção de espécies reativas a oxigênio (ROS), possuem impacto negativo no desenvolvimento embrionário e subsequentes biotecnologias. A presente revisão visa tratar sobre tecnologias e estratégias capazes de colaborar com a melhora nas taxas de desenvolvimento embrionário através da redução do conteúdo lipídico tanto em oócitos quanto em embriões.

Approaches to reduce lipids: a review of its impacts on in vitro embryo production / Abordagens para reduzir lipídeos: uma revisão sobre seus impactos na produção de embriões in vitro

In vitro embryo production (IVP) has limitations for better outcomes in blastocyst production, cryopreservation efficiency and pregnancy rates. Among the factors impairing IVP, high lipid content in both oocytes and embryos, and consequent reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, have a negative impact in embryo development and further biotechnologies. The present review aims to address techniques and strategies that collaborate to improve embryo development rates through reduction of lipid content either in the oocyte or in the embryo.(AU)

A produção in vitro de embriões (PIVE) possui limitações para melhoras na produção de blastocistos, eficiência da criopreservação e taxas de prenhez. Dentre os fatores limitantes à PIVE, o alto conteúdo lipídico tanto em oócitos quanto em embriões e a consequente produção de espécies reativas a oxigênio (ROS), possuem impacto negativo no desenvolvimento embrionário e subsequentes biotecnologias. A presente revisão visa tratar sobre tecnologias e estratégias capazes de colaborar com a melhora nas taxas de desenvolvimento embrionário através da redução do conteúdo lipídico tanto em oócitos quanto em embriões.(AU)

Lipid Sources in Diets for Hy-Line White Laying: Performance, Biometrics of Digestive Organs, and Bone Characteristics

Dietary inclusion of lipid sources has been one of the methods adopted by nutritionists aiming at better energy balancing. However, alternative energy feedstuffs have been sought in an attempt to reduce production costs. In this regard, lipid sources that can replace conventional ones, such as beef tallow, cottonseed oil, and sunflower oil have been investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different lipid sources on the performance, egg quality, biometrics of digestive organs, and bone quality of white-egg commercial layers in the first production cycle. A total of 216 Hy-Line White layers at 70 weeks of age, weighing 1.701 ± 0.103 kg, were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. The diets provided to them contained equal amounts of protein, calories, and amino acids, with only the lipid source varying - soybean oil (control), cottonseed oil, beef tallow, and sunflower oil. No significant effect of lipid sources was observed on any of the performance or egg-quality variables assessed (p>0.05). Biometric variables were not influenced by lipid sources, except for abdominal fat, which was highest in the birds receiving the beef-tallow treatments and lowest in birds fed the sunflower-oil diets (p 0.05). Except for mineral matter, bone traits were not influenced by the treatments; this variable was highest in the control treatments and lowest in the beef-tallow treatments. In conclusion, cottonseed and sunflower oils can be used to fully replace soybean oil in diets for white-egg commercial layers.

Lipid Sources in Diets for Hy-Line White Laying: Performance, Biometrics of Digestive Organs, and Bone Characteristics

Dietary inclusion of lipid sources has been one of the methods adopted by nutritionists aiming at better energy balancing. However, alternative energy feedstuffs have been sought in an attempt to reduce production costs. In this regard, lipid sources that can replace conventional ones, such as beef tallow, cottonseed oil, and sunflower oil have been investigated. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of different lipid sources on the performance, egg quality, biometrics of digestive organs, and bone quality of white-egg commercial layers in the first production cycle. A total of 216 Hy-Line White layers at 70 weeks of age, weighing 1.701 ± 0.103 kg, were used in a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates. The diets provided to them contained equal amounts of protein, calories, and amino acids, with only the lipid source varying - soybean oil (control), cottonseed oil, beef tallow, and sunflower oil. No significant effect of lipid sources was observed on any of the performance or egg-quality variables assessed (p>0.05). Biometric variables were not influenced by lipid sources, except for abdominal fat, which was highest in the birds receiving the beef-tallow treatments and lowest in birds fed the sunflower-oil diets (p 0.05). Except for mineral matter, bone traits were not influenced by the treatments; this variable was highest in the control treatments and lowest in the beef-tallow treatments. In conclusion, cottonseed and sunflower oils can be used to fully replace soybean oil in diets for white-egg commercial layers.(AU)

Uso de resíduo lipídico sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos de ovelhas deslanadas durante a estação de monta / Use of lipid residue on biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breeding season

The objective was evaluate inclusion of increasing levels of lipid residue in diet, replacing energysources commonly used in blood biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breeding season. Wasused 24 sheep, between 1 and 6 years old, with an average of 40 kg. The experiment lasted nine weeks. In firstsix weeks the sheep received flushing, where diets were formulated with increasing levels of lipid residue includereplacing corn and soybean meal, and (T1) without addition of waste, (T2) with 5% (T3 ) 10%. The blood serumchemistries for performing was collected once weekly throughout the trial period. The results of the biochemicalanalyzes of cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose showed no statistical difference. The increasing levels of lipidresidue in the diet did not change the blood biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breedingseason.

Uso de resíduo lipídico sobre os parâmetros bioquímicos de ovelhas deslanadas durante a estação de monta / Use of lipid residue on biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breeding season

The objective was evaluate inclusion of increasing levels of lipid residue in diet, replacing energysources commonly used in blood biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breeding season. Wasused 24 sheep, between 1 and 6 years old, with an average of 40 kg. The experiment lasted nine weeks. In firstsix weeks the sheep received flushing, where diets were formulated with increasing levels of lipid residue includereplacing corn and soybean meal, and (T1) without addition of waste, (T2) with 5% (T3 ) 10%. The blood serumchemistries for performing was collected once weekly throughout the trial period. The results of the biochemicalanalyzes of cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose showed no statistical difference. The increasing levels of lipidresidue in the diet did not change the blood biochemical parameters of woolless sheep during the breedingseason.(AU)

Efectos sobre el perfil lipídico en humanos de un extracto de algarroba(ceratonia siliqua L. ) rico en polifenoles, incluido en un lácteo como alimento funcional; estudio piloto / Effects on the lipid profile in humans of a polyphenol-rich carob (Ceratonia siliqua L. ) extract in a dairy matrix like a functional food: a pilot study

The design of functional foods enriched in nutrients that favorably alter the lipid profile to prevent cardiovascular diseases and stimulate bowel function is of great interest. We have assayed a non-extractable-tannates-rich carob-fiber (PF-1®) in a milk matrix developed by Biosearch S.A. to discover its effects on the lipid profile and bowel function of human volunteers. A 4-week interventional study (400 mL daily consumption of this functional food, containing 20 g of PF-1®/L), was conducted: blood samples were analyzed for lipid profile, glucose, transaminases, creatinine and fat-soluble vitamins. The body-mass index and bowel function of the participants in the study were also measured. A tendency for triglyceride levels to diminish was observed in all participants (P = 0.066), and in the normal-cholesterol group in particular (P = 0.078). Another tendency to total cholesterol levels fell in the hypercholesterolemic group (P = 0.061) was also found. In the normal-cholesterol group, total cholesterol (CT), HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels significantly increased with the consumption of the functional food (P < 0.05). A better bowel function was also recorded by volunteers. This preliminary study highlights the possible positive influence of this functional food on the regulation of the lipid profile and bowel function in humans (AU)

El diseño de alimentos funcionales enriquecidos en nutrientes que alteran favorablemente el perfil lipídico para prevenir las enfermedades cardiovasculares y estimular la función intestinal es de gran interés. Hemos probado una fibra de algarroba rica en tanatos no extraíbles (PF-1®), incluida en una matriz de leche desarrollada por Biosearch S.A. para descubrir sus efectos sobre el perfil lipídico y sobre el intestino en voluntarios humanos. Se desarrolló un estudio de intervención de 4 semanas (consumo diario de 400 mL de este alimento funcional, que contiene 20 g de PF-1®/L). Sobre las muestras de sangre extraídas se analizó el perfil lipídico, glucosa, transaminasas, creatinina y vitaminas liposolubles. También se midieron el índice de masa corporal y la función intestinal de los participantes en el estudio. Se observó una tendencia decreciente a la significación estadística de los niveles de triglicéridos (TG) particularmente en el grupo con colesterol normal (P = 0,078). Los niveles totales de colesterol se redujeron con tendencia a la significancia en el grupo con hipercolesterolemia (P = 0,061). En el grupo de colesterol normal, el colesterol total (CT), colesterol HDL y colesterol LDL aumentaron significativamente con el consumo del alimento funcional (P < 0,05). También se registró una mejor función intestinal de los voluntarios. Este estudio preliminar pone de relieve la posible influencia positiva de este alimento funcional en la regulación del perfil lipídico y la función intestinal en humanos (AU)

Avaliação de colesterol e triglicerídeos séricos em cães saudáveis suplementados com ômega n-3 / Evaluation of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in healthy dogs supplemented with ômega-3 N

A análise da concentração sérica de colesterol e triglicerídeos foi realizada em 20 cães, sem raça definida, saudáveis, 10 machos e 10 fêmeas, previamente e após a suplementação por 30 dias com ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa derivados do ômega n-3 (497mg ácido docosa-hexaenoico e 780mg ácido eicosapentanoico). A concentração sérica de colesterol apresentou redução significativa após a suplementação em ambos os sexos (271,6±79,8mg/dL; 236,2±67,6mg/dL, antes e após suplementação, respectivamente). Em relação à concentração sérica de triglicerídeos, houve redução apenas nas fêmeas (57,8±12,1mg/dL; 45,2±7,8mg/dL, antes e após suplementação, respectivamente), não havendo efeito da suplementação nos machos.

The analysis of serum cholesterol and triglycerides was performed in 20 healthy mongrel dogs, 10 male and 10 female, before and after supplementation for 30 days with fatty acids of long chain polyunsaturated derived from omega-3 n (497mg docosahexaenoic acid and 780mg eicosapentaenoic acid). The serum cholesterol presented a significant reduction after supplementation in both sexes (271.6±79.8mg/dL; 236,2±67,6mg/dL, before and after supplementation respectively). Regarding serum triglycerides, there was a reduction only in females (57.8±12,1mg/dL; 45.2±7,8mg/dL, before and after supplementation respectively), with no effect of supplementation in males.

Avaliação de colesterol e triglicerídeos séricos em cães saudáveis suplementados com ômega n-3 / Evaluation of serum cholesterol and triglycerides in healthy dogs supplemented with ômega-3 N

A análise da concentração sérica de colesterol e triglicerídeos foi realizada em 20 cães, sem raça definida, saudáveis, 10 machos e 10 fêmeas, previamente e após a suplementação por 30 dias com ácidos graxos poli-insaturados de cadeia longa derivados do ômega n-3 (497mg ácido docosa-hexaenoico e 780mg ácido eicosapentanoico). A concentração sérica de colesterol apresentou redução significativa após a suplementação em ambos os sexos (271,6±79,8mg/dL; 236,2±67,6mg/dL, antes e após suplementação, respectivamente). Em relação à concentração sérica de triglicerídeos, houve redução apenas nas fêmeas (57,8±12,1mg/dL; 45,2±7,8mg/dL, antes e após suplementação, respectivamente), não havendo efeito da suplementação nos machos.(AU)

The analysis of serum cholesterol and triglycerides was performed in 20 healthy mongrel dogs, 10 male and 10 female, before and after supplementation for 30 days with fatty acids of long chain polyunsaturated derived from omega-3 n (497mg docosahexaenoic acid and 780mg eicosapentaenoic acid). The serum cholesterol presented a significant reduction after supplementation in both sexes (271.6±79.8mg/dL; 236,2±67,6mg/dL, before and after supplementation respectively). Regarding serum triglycerides, there was a reduction only in females (57.8±12,1mg/dL; 45.2±7,8mg/dL, before and after supplementation respectively), with no effect of supplementation in males.(AU)