[Pulmonary actinomycosis--a case report]. / Actinomicose pulmonar--a propósito de um caso clínico.

Pulmonary Actinomycosis is a rare clinical situation whose diagnosis is important but not always easy to make. It is a chronic infection caused by the anaerobic gram- positive filamentous bacterium Actinomyces. We present a case report of a 32 year-old man previously healthy with no co-morbidities, with fever, productive cough and chest pain, with radiological evidence of right superior lobar pneumonia. He began antibiotic therapy with amoxicillin/clavulanate, with good clinical and analytic response, but the radiological finding persisted. Thoracic computerized tomography revealed discretely expansive right lobar condensation. The epidemiological investigation identified actinomyces. The authors present this case and a brief review of this disease.