The application of
gene therapy in ocular
diseases is gradually expanding from mono-
gene inherited
diseases to multigene, multifactorial, common and
chronic diseases. This emerging
therapeutic approach is still in the early exploratory stage of treating
diseases, and the expected
benefits and risks remain highly uncertain. In the delivery process of
gene therapy drugs, viral vector is currently one of the most mature and widely used vectors. The occurrence of vector-associated
immunity will affect the short-term and
long-term effects of
gene therapy, and even cause permanent and serious damage to visual function. Therefore,
gene therapy vector-associated
immunity is the focus and challenge for the
safety and long-term
efficacy of
gene therapy. During the perioperative and follow-up of
gene therapy,
attention should be paid to the
monitoring of vector-associated immune
inflammation, and appropriate
measures should be taken to deal with the corresponding
immune response, so as to achieve the best visual benefits for
patients.