Water and antimicrobial agent permation of PU and PHEMA membranes in relation to their surface and bulk properties.

Four types of polyurethane (PU) and two types of 2-polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate (PHEMA) membranes were prepared by convenient methods. Surface properties, water and antibacterial agent permeabilities of PU membranes were investigated. Water permeability values were determined in the region of 2000 g/m2.24 h. The membranes were found to have sufficient permeability toward antibacterial agents of 1% Silver Sulfadiazine and Bacitracin 10,000 UI-Neomycin sulphate 100 mg ointment.

Synthesis of 1,2-disubstituted benzimidazole-5(6)-carboxamides and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity.

A series of 14, N'-(N,N-dialkylaminoethyl)-benzimidazole-5(6) or 5-carboxyamides (1-14), having several substituents on the azole and benzene nuclei, were prepared and evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity. The precursor benzimidazolecarboxylic acids (15-27) were prepared via oxidative condensation of diaminobenzoic acids and several aldehydes with cupric ion. Compounds 11-14 were prepared by selective regioisomer synthesis. All carboxamides were prepared from the corresponding acids and N,N-dialkylethylenediamine. Antibacterial and antifungal activities were determined as MIC values. Of the synthesized compounds 1-10, 6 and 10 were found to be the most favourable. In order to clarify the effect of the substituents at N1 on antimicrobial activity, 12 was prepared by p-chlorobenzyl substitution of compound 6, and increased activity was shown. Compounds 13 and 14, which were prepared by replacement with more bulky alkyl groups on the tert-N atom than 12, gave the best results.

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 1,4-diaryl-2-azetidinones.

Cycloaddition of substituted 4,4-benzylidene-anilines to in situ prepared dichloroketenes in the presence of dichloroacetyl chloride and triethylamine affords a variety of 2-azetidinones. All the compounds were characterized by IR and 1H NMR. Their antimicrobial activity, against Gram(+) and Gram(-) bacteria and fungi, was tested.

Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of some 2-(2-oxobenzothiazole-3-yl)-1-arylethanone derivatives.

The synthesis of new 2-(2-oxobenzothiazole-3-yl)-1-arylethanone derivatives is reported. The structure of these products is supported by their UV, IR and 1H-NMR spectra, as well as by elemental analysis. The new compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity.

[The presence of Brucella antibodies in human sera and some milk samples]. / Insan serumlarinda ve bazi süt örneklerinde brusella antikorlarinin arastirilmasiyla ilgili bir çalisma.

The brucella antibodies were investigated in 132 different milk samples and 150 human sera by the Ring Test. The guinea-pig tests were made to determine the antibody level and microorganism isolation using one seropositive milk sample. Increase of the antibody titre was observed. Brucella germs from blood, spleen and liver of guinea-pig didn't multiply.

Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and QSAR studies of 2,5-disubstituted benzoxazoles.

In this study, a new series of 2,5-disubstituted benzoxazoles was synthesized and their structures were elucidated by elemental analysis, MASS, (1)H-NMR, (13)C-NMR and IR spectral data. Newly and previously synthesized 2,5-disubstituted benzoxazole derivatives were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity against standard strains and their drug-resistant isolates. Microbiological results showed that the compounds presented a large spectrum of activity having MIC values of 250-7.8 microg mL(-1) against the tested microorganisms. Among the newly synthesized derivatives 3-22, compound 11 was the most active against Candida krusei out of all; however, it was one dilution less potent than standard drug fluconazole. In addition, all the new and previous compounds were more active than standard drugs ampicillin trihydrate and rifampicin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its gentamicin-resistant isolate. The 2D-QSAR (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship) analysis of a set of newly and previously synthesized benzoxazoles tested for growth inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was also performed by using multivariable regression analysis. The activity contributions for substituent effects of these compounds were determined from the correlation equation for predictions of the lead optimization.

Synthesis of 1,2,5(6)-trisubstituted benzimidazoles and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities.

A series of 22 benzimidazoles, having several substituents on the azole and benzene nuclei, were prepared and evaluated in vitro for antimicrobial activity. At first 2-chloro or 2-chloromethyl-5(6)-substituted-1H-benzimidazoles were synthesized, which were then substituted at C-2 with several piperazine or piperidine derivatives. The antibacterial activity of these compounds against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Candida stellatoidea, Candida parapsilosis, and Candida pseudotropicalis were determined as the MIC values. Since compound 12 exhibits good activity, in order to clarify the effect of substituents at C-1 on the activity, benzimidazole derivatives having ethyl, allyl, benzyl, and p-fluorobenzyl substituents at C-1 were prepared, and slightly increased activity was seen.

Sydnone derivatives: synthesis and antimicrobial activity.

Amongst a number of mesoionic compounds studied so far, sydnones have attained importance due not only to their structural features and chemical properties, but also to their biological properties. Sydnone derivatives have been extensively studied for their biological activities, the antimicrobial activity of substituted aryl sydnones has been reported. Aryl sydnones are less toxic and more active than alkyl sydnones. Also chalcone analogues are known to have antimicrobial activity.

Antimicrobial activity of some isoquinoline alkaloids.

The isoquinoline alkaloids are of great importance to humanity because of their medicinal value and different structure. During the last ten years, many isoquinoline alkaloids were isolated from Fumaria and Corydalis species growing in Turkey. There have been many researches on the antimicrobial activity of extracts of higher plants, but relatively few pure compounds have been investigated.

Effects of various antiseptics on bacteremia following tooth extraction.

The effect of local irrigation of the gingival sulcus, which is considered an important source of bacteremia following dental procedures, with three different antiseptic solutions including hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine and povidone iodine, on the frequency of bacteremia after tooth extraction was determined, and the efficacies of the three antiseptics were compared. Although all the antiseptic solutions reduced the frequency of bacteremia to various degrees, povidone iodine was the most effective, and seemed to be the best choice since the decrease was statistically significant. Local administration of antiseptic solutions is therefore recommended as an adjuvant to systemic antibiotic prophylaxis.