RESUMEN
Three clinical cases of simultaneous operations upon synchronous identification of brain tumor and kidney cancer are described. A metastatic lesion of the brain was detected in two of them, and a combination of a primary CNS tumor (glioblastoma) with kidney cancer was identified in one case.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Neoplasias Renales/cirugía , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/cirugía , Neoplasias Encefálicas/secundario , Femenino , Humanos , Neoplasias Renales/patología , Laparoscopía/métodos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Primarias Múltiples/patología , Nefrectomía/métodos , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos/métodos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The methylation status of four genes significant in prostate carcinogenesis p16, HIC1, N33 and GSTP1, were evaluated using quantitative methylationsensitive polymerase chain reaction. Tumor epithelia, tumor-associated stroma, normal epithelia, foci of PIN and benign prostate hyperplasia, and stroma adjacent to tumor tissues were isolated from whole-mount prostatectomy specimens of patients with localized prostate cancer by using laser capture microdissection. We found high levels of gene methylation in the tumor epithelium and tumor-associated stromal cells and some methylation in both hyperplastic epithelium and stromal cells in normal-appearing tissues located adjacent to tumors. Promoter methylation in the non-neoplastic cells of the prostate tumor microenvironment may play an important role in cancer development and progression. We examined the promoter methylation status of pl6, HIC1, N33 and GSTP1 in prostate biopsy fragments and prostate tissues after radical prostatectomy from patients with adenocarcinoma without laser capture microdissection. Methylation frequencies of all genes in tumor samples were considerably lower than frequencies in microdissected tumour samples (HIC1, 71 versus 89%; p16, 22 versus 78%; GSTP1, 32 versus 100%; N33, 20 versus 33%). The laser capture microdissection is required procedure in methylation studies taking into account multifocality and heterogenity of prostate cancer tissue.
Asunto(s)
Metilación de ADN , Genes p16 , Gutatión-S-Transferasa pi/genética , Factores de Transcripción de Tipo Kruppel/genética , Proteínas de Neoplasias/genética , Neoplasias de la Próstata/genética , Células Epiteliales/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Microdisección , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Próstata/patología , Células del Estroma/patologíaRESUMEN
Immunohistochemical study of histological sections and immunochemical study in supernatants of primary cultures demonstrated a marked increase of the factor production in the regions of the background changes outside foci of carcinoma invasive growth. There was no difference in the type of expression of TGFbeta-I and TGFbeta-II receptors in morphologically different regions of the tumour. TGFbeta-I is considered as a principal factor that mediates hyperplastic reaction of the stroma in prostatic adenocarcinoma outside the zones of invasive growth. Formation of reactive stroma, in the authors' opinion, plays the role of a defensive mechanism hindering invasion of tumour cells into the connective tissue and its progression.